sum(f(z[i])*(z[i+1]-z[i])foriinrange(0,N-1))# The approximating formula
-5.92166523229e-05 - 0.00628289591791*I
dc(t)=c.diff(t)#derivative of c(t)answer=integrate(f(c(t))*dc(t),(t,start,stop))#integrating using parameterizationanswer
-2.44929359829e-16*I
float(answer.real_part())+float(answer.imag_part())*I#check if answer from parametrization agrees with approximation by taking its floating-point value
-2.44929359829e-16*I
# As we can see based on the solutions of the approximating sum, the parameterization, we see that the solution is very very close to "0"