Location.cpp

/*
 * Location.cpp
 */

#include "Location.h"

#ifndef HAL_BOOTLOADER_BUILD

#include <AP_AHRS/AP_AHRS.h>
#include <AP_Terrain/AP_Terrain.h>

const Location definitely_zero{};
bool Location::is_zero(void) const
{
    return !memcmp(this, &definitely_zero, sizeof(*this));
}

void Location::zero(void)
{
    memset(this, 0, sizeof(*this));
}

// Construct location using position (NEU) from ekf_origin for the given altitude frame
Location::Location(int32_t latitude, int32_t longitude, int32_t alt_in_cm, AltFrame frame)
{
    // make sure we know what size the Location object is:
    ASSERT_STORAGE_SIZE(Location, 16);

    zero();
    lat = latitude;
    lng = longitude;
    set_alt_cm(alt_in_cm, frame);
}

#if AP_AHRS_ENABLED
Location::Location(const Vector3f &ekf_offset_neu_cm, AltFrame frame)
{
    zero();

    // store alt and alt frame
    set_alt_cm(ekf_offset_neu_cm.z, frame);

    // calculate lat, lon
    Location ekf_origin;
    if (AP::ahrs().get_origin(ekf_origin)) {
        lat = ekf_origin.lat;
        lng = ekf_origin.lng;
        offset(ekf_offset_neu_cm.x * 0.01, ekf_offset_neu_cm.y * 0.01);
    }
}

Location::Location(const Vector3d &ekf_offset_neu_cm, AltFrame frame)
{
    zero();

    // store alt and alt frame
    set_alt_cm(ekf_offset_neu_cm.z, frame);

    // calculate lat, lon
    Location ekf_origin;
    if (AP::ahrs().get_origin(ekf_origin)) {
        lat = ekf_origin.lat;
        lng = ekf_origin.lng;
        offset(ekf_offset_neu_cm.x * 0.01, ekf_offset_neu_cm.y * 0.01);
    }
}

// named constructors
Location Location::from_ekf_offset_NED_m(const Vector3f& ekf_offset_ned_m, AltFrame frame)
{
    const Vector3f ekf_offset_neu_cm(ekf_offset_ned_m.x * 100.0, ekf_offset_ned_m.y * 100.0, -ekf_offset_ned_m.z * 100.0);
    return Location(ekf_offset_neu_cm, frame);
}

Location Location::from_ekf_offset_NED_m(const Vector3d& ekf_offset_ned_m, AltFrame frame)
{
    const Vector3d ekf_offset_neu_cm(ekf_offset_ned_m.x * 100.0, ekf_offset_ned_m.y * 100.0, -ekf_offset_ned_m.z * 100.0);
    return Location(ekf_offset_neu_cm, frame);
}

#endif  // AP_AHRS_ENABLED

void Location::set_alt_cm(int32_t alt_cm, AltFrame frame)
{
    alt = alt_cm;
    relative_alt = false;
    terrain_alt = false;
    origin_alt = false;
    switch (frame) {
        case AltFrame::ABSOLUTE:
            // do nothing
            break;
        case AltFrame::ABOVE_HOME:
            relative_alt = true;
            break;
        case AltFrame::ABOVE_ORIGIN:
            origin_alt = true;
            break;
        case AltFrame::ABOVE_TERRAIN:
            // we mark it as a relative altitude, as it doesn't have
            // home alt added
            relative_alt = true;
            terrain_alt = true;
            break;
    }
}

// converts altitude to new frame
bool Location::change_alt_frame(AltFrame desired_frame)
{
    int32_t new_alt_cm;
    if (!get_alt_cm(desired_frame, new_alt_cm)) {
        return false;
    }
    set_alt_cm(new_alt_cm, desired_frame);
    return true;
}

void Location::copy_alt_from(const Location &other)
{
    alt = other.alt;
    relative_alt = other.relative_alt;
    terrain_alt = other.terrain_alt;
    origin_alt = other.origin_alt;
}

// get altitude frame
Location::AltFrame Location::get_alt_frame() const
{
    if (terrain_alt) {
#if CONFIG_HAL_BOARD == HAL_BOARD_SITL
        if (!relative_alt) {
            AP_HAL::panic("terrain loc must be relative_alt1");
        }
#endif
        return AltFrame::ABOVE_TERRAIN;
    }
    if (origin_alt) {
        return AltFrame::ABOVE_ORIGIN;
    }
    if (relative_alt) {
        return AltFrame::ABOVE_HOME;
    }
    return AltFrame::ABSOLUTE;
}

/// get altitude in desired frame.  Must not change ret_alt_cm unless true is returned!
bool Location::get_alt_cm(AltFrame desired_frame, int32_t &ret_alt_cm) const
{
#if CONFIG_HAL_BOARD == HAL_BOARD_SITL
    if (!initialised()) {
        AP_HAL::panic("Should not be called on invalid location: Location cannot be (0, 0, 0)");
    }
    if (terrain_alt && !relative_alt) {
        AP_HAL::panic("terrain loc must be relative_alt2");
    }
#endif
    Location::AltFrame frame = get_alt_frame();

    // shortcut if desired and underlying frame are the same
    if (desired_frame == frame) {
        ret_alt_cm = alt;
        return true;
    }

    // check for terrain altitude
    float alt_terr_cm = 0;
    if (frame == AltFrame::ABOVE_TERRAIN || desired_frame == AltFrame::ABOVE_TERRAIN) {
#if AP_TERRAIN_AVAILABLE
        AP_Terrain *terrain = AP::terrain();
        if (terrain == nullptr) {
            return false;
        }
        if (!terrain->height_amsl(*this, alt_terr_cm)) {
            return false;
        }
        // convert terrain alt to cm
        alt_terr_cm *= 100.0f;
#else
        return false;
#endif
    }

    // convert alt to absolute
    int32_t alt_abs = 0;
    switch (frame) {
        case AltFrame::ABSOLUTE:
            alt_abs = alt;
            break;
        case AltFrame::ABOVE_HOME:
#if AP_AHRS_ENABLED
            if (!AP::ahrs().home_is_set()) {
                return false;
            }
            alt_abs = alt + AP::ahrs().get_home().alt;
#else
            return false;
#endif  // AP_AHRS_ENABLED
            break;
        case AltFrame::ABOVE_ORIGIN:
#if AP_AHRS_ENABLED
            {
                // fail if we cannot get ekf origin
                Location ekf_origin;
                if (!AP::ahrs().get_origin(ekf_origin)) {
                    return false;
                }
                alt_abs = alt + ekf_origin.alt;
            }
            break;
#else
            return false;
#endif  // AP_AHRS_ENABLED
        case AltFrame::ABOVE_TERRAIN:
            alt_abs = alt + alt_terr_cm;
            break;
    }

    // convert absolute to desired frame
    switch (desired_frame) {
        case AltFrame::ABSOLUTE:
            ret_alt_cm = alt_abs;
            return true;
        case AltFrame::ABOVE_HOME:
#if AP_AHRS_ENABLED
            if (!AP::ahrs().home_is_set()) {
                return false;
            }
            ret_alt_cm = alt_abs - AP::ahrs().get_home().alt;
#else
            return false;
#endif  // AP_AHRS_ENABLED
            return true;
        case AltFrame::ABOVE_ORIGIN:
#if AP_AHRS_ENABLED
            {
                // fail if we cannot get ekf origin
                Location ekf_origin;
                if (!AP::ahrs().get_origin(ekf_origin)) {
                    return false;
                }
                ret_alt_cm = alt_abs - ekf_origin.alt;
                return true;
            }
#else
            return false;
#endif  // AP_AHRS_ENABLED
        case AltFrame::ABOVE_TERRAIN:
            ret_alt_cm = alt_abs - alt_terr_cm;
            return true;
    }
    return false;  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE  - not reachable
}
//  Must not change ret_alt_cm unless true is returned!
bool Location::get_alt_m(AltFrame desired_frame, float &ret_alt) const
{
    int32_t ret_alt_cm;
    if (!get_alt_cm(desired_frame, ret_alt_cm)) {
        return false;
    }
    ret_alt = ret_alt_cm * 0.01;
    return true;
}

#if AP_AHRS_ENABLED
// converts location to a vector from origin; if this method returns
// false then vec_ne is unmodified
template<typename T>
bool Location::get_vector_xy_from_origin_NE_cm(T &vec_ne) const
{
    Location ekf_origin;
    if (!AP::ahrs().get_origin(ekf_origin)) {
        return false;
    }
    vec_ne.x = (lat-ekf_origin.lat) * LATLON_TO_CM;
    vec_ne.y = diff_longitude(lng,ekf_origin.lng) * LATLON_TO_CM * longitude_scale((lat+ekf_origin.lat)/2);
    return true;
}

// define for float and position vectors
template bool Location::get_vector_xy_from_origin_NE_cm<Vector2f>(Vector2f &vec_ne) const;
#if HAL_WITH_POSTYPE_DOUBLE
template bool Location::get_vector_xy_from_origin_NE_cm<Vector2p>(Vector2p &vec_ne) const;
#endif

// converts location to a vector from origin; if this method returns
// false then vec_neu is unmodified
template<typename T>
bool Location::get_vector_from_origin_NEU_cm(T &vec_neu) const
{
    // convert altitude
    int32_t alt_above_origin_cm = 0;
    if (!get_alt_cm(AltFrame::ABOVE_ORIGIN, alt_above_origin_cm)) {
        return false;
    }

    // convert lat, lon
    if (!get_vector_xy_from_origin_NE_cm(vec_neu.xy())) {
        return false;
    }

    vec_neu.z = alt_above_origin_cm;

    return true;
}
template<typename T>
bool Location::get_vector_from_origin_NEU(T &vec_neu) const
{
    return get_vector_from_origin_NEU_cm(vec_neu);
}

// define for float and position vectors
template bool Location::get_vector_from_origin_NEU_cm<Vector3f>(Vector3f &vec_neu) const;
template bool Location::get_vector_from_origin_NEU<Vector3f>(Vector3f &vec_neu) const;
#if HAL_WITH_POSTYPE_DOUBLE
template bool Location::get_vector_from_origin_NEU_cm<Vector3p>(Vector3p &vec_neu) const;
template bool Location::get_vector_from_origin_NEU<Vector3p>(Vector3p &vec_neu) const;
#endif

template<typename T>
bool Location::get_vector_xy_from_origin_NE_m(T &vec_ne) const
{
    if (!get_vector_xy_from_origin_NE_cm(vec_ne)) {
        return false;
    }
    vec_ne *= 0.01;
    return true;
}
template bool Location::get_vector_xy_from_origin_NE_m<Vector2f>(Vector2f &vec_ne) const;
#if HAL_WITH_POSTYPE_DOUBLE
template bool Location::get_vector_xy_from_origin_NE_m<Vector2p>(Vector2p &vec_ne) const;
#endif

template<typename T>
bool Location::get_vector_from_origin_NED_m(T &vec_ned) const
{
    if (!get_vector_from_origin_NEU_cm(vec_ned)) {
        return false;
    }
    vec_ned *= 0.01;
    vec_ned.z *= -1.0;
    return true;
}
// define for float and position vectors
template bool Location::get_vector_from_origin_NED_m<Vector3f>(Vector3f &vec_ned) const;
#if HAL_WITH_POSTYPE_DOUBLE
template bool Location::get_vector_from_origin_NED_m<Vector3p>(Vector3p &vec_ned) const;
#endif

template<typename T>
bool Location::get_vector_from_origin_NEU_m(T &vec_neu) const
{
    if (!get_vector_from_origin_NEU_cm(vec_neu)) {
        return false;
    }
    vec_neu *= 0.01;
    return true;
}
// define for float and position vectors
template bool Location::get_vector_from_origin_NEU_m<Vector3f>(Vector3f &vec_neu) const;
#if HAL_WITH_POSTYPE_DOUBLE
template bool Location::get_vector_from_origin_NEU_m<Vector3p>(Vector3p &vec_neu) const;
#endif


#endif  // AP_AHRS_ENABLED

// return horizontal distance in meters between two locations
ftype Location::get_distance(const Location &loc2) const
{
    ftype dlat = (ftype)(loc2.lat - lat);
    ftype dlng = ((ftype)diff_longitude(loc2.lng,lng)) * longitude_scale((lat+loc2.lat)/2);
    return norm(dlat, dlng) * LOCATION_SCALING_FACTOR;
}

/**
 * return the altitude difference in meters taking into account alt
 * frame.  if loc2 is below this location then "distance" will be
 * positive.  ie. this method returns how far above loc2 this location
 * is.
 *
 * @param loc2 [in] location to compare against
 * @param distance [out] the distance in meters between this location and loc2
 * 
 * @return true if the distance was calculated successfully, 
 *         false if the altitude could not be resolved
 * 
 */
bool Location::get_height_above(const Location &loc2, ftype &distance) const
{
    if (get_alt_frame() == loc2.get_alt_frame()) {
        switch (get_alt_frame()) {
        case AltFrame::ABSOLUTE:
        case AltFrame::ABOVE_HOME:
        case AltFrame::ABOVE_ORIGIN:
            // all of these use the same reference
            distance = (alt - loc2.alt) * 0.01;
            return true;
        case AltFrame::ABOVE_TERRAIN:
            // 1m above terrain here is not the same as 1m above
            // terrain at loc2, so convert both to absolute and then
            // subtract.
            break;
        }
    }

    int32_t alt1, alt2;
    if (!get_alt_cm(AltFrame::ABSOLUTE, alt1) || !loc2.get_alt_cm(AltFrame::ABSOLUTE, alt2)) {
        return false;
    }
    distance = (alt1 - alt2) * 0.01;
    return true;
}

/*
  return the distance in meters in North/East plane as a N/E vector
  from loc1 to loc2
 */
Vector2f Location::get_distance_NE(const Location &loc2) const
{
    return Vector2f((loc2.lat - lat) * LOCATION_SCALING_FACTOR,
                    diff_longitude(loc2.lng,lng) * LOCATION_SCALING_FACTOR * longitude_scale((loc2.lat+lat)/2));
}

// return the distance in meters in North/East/Down plane as a N/E/D vector to loc2, NOT CONSIDERING ALT FRAME!
Vector3f Location::get_distance_NED(const Location &loc2) const
{
    return Vector3f((loc2.lat - lat) * LOCATION_SCALING_FACTOR,
                    diff_longitude(loc2.lng,lng) * LOCATION_SCALING_FACTOR * longitude_scale((lat+loc2.lat)/2),
                    (alt - loc2.alt) * 0.01);
}

Vector3p Location::get_distance_NED_postype(const Location &loc2) const
{
    return Vector3p((loc2.lat - lat) * LOCATION_SCALING_FACTOR,
                    diff_longitude(loc2.lng,lng) * LOCATION_SCALING_FACTOR * longitude_scale((lat+loc2.lat)/2),
                    (alt - loc2.alt) * 0.01);
}

// return the distance in meters in North/East/Down plane as a N/E/D vector to loc2
Vector3d Location::get_distance_NED_double(const Location &loc2) const
{
    return Vector3d((loc2.lat - lat) * double(LOCATION_SCALING_FACTOR),
                    diff_longitude(loc2.lng,lng) * LOCATION_SCALING_FACTOR * longitude_scale((lat+loc2.lat)/2),
                    (alt - loc2.alt) * 0.01);
}

// return the distance in meters in North/East/Down plane as a N/E/D vector to loc2 considering alt frame, if altitude cannot be resolved down distance is 0
Vector3f Location::get_distance_NED_alt_frame(const Location &loc2) const
{
    int32_t alt1, alt2 = 0;
    if (!get_alt_cm(AltFrame::ABSOLUTE, alt1) || !loc2.get_alt_cm(AltFrame::ABSOLUTE, alt2)) {
        // one or both of the altitudes are invalid, don't do alt distance calc
        alt1 = 0, alt2 = 0;
    }
    return Vector3f((loc2.lat - lat) * LOCATION_SCALING_FACTOR,
                    diff_longitude(loc2.lng,lng) * LOCATION_SCALING_FACTOR * longitude_scale((loc2.lat+lat)/2),
                    (alt1 - alt2) * 0.01);
}

Vector2d Location::get_distance_NE_double(const Location &loc2) const
{
    return Vector2d((loc2.lat - lat) * double(LOCATION_SCALING_FACTOR),
                    diff_longitude(loc2.lng,lng) * double(LOCATION_SCALING_FACTOR) * longitude_scale((lat+loc2.lat)/2));
}

Vector2p Location::get_distance_NE_postype(const Location &loc2) const
{
    return Vector2p((loc2.lat - lat) * double(LOCATION_SCALING_FACTOR),
                    diff_longitude(loc2.lng,lng) * double(LOCATION_SCALING_FACTOR) * longitude_scale((lat+loc2.lat)/2));
}

Vector2F Location::get_distance_NE_ftype(const Location &loc2) const
{
    return Vector2F((loc2.lat - lat) * ftype(LOCATION_SCALING_FACTOR),
                    diff_longitude(loc2.lng,lng) * ftype(LOCATION_SCALING_FACTOR) * longitude_scale((lat+loc2.lat)/2));
}

// extrapolate latitude/longitude given distances (in meters) north and east
void Location::offset_latlng(int32_t &lat, int32_t &lng, ftype ofs_north, ftype ofs_east)
{
    const int32_t dlat = ofs_north * LOCATION_SCALING_FACTOR_INV;
    const int64_t dlng = (ofs_east * LOCATION_SCALING_FACTOR_INV) / longitude_scale(lat+dlat/2);
    lat += dlat;
    lat = limit_lattitude(lat);
    lng = wrap_longitude(dlng+lng);
}

// extrapolate latitude/longitude given distances (in meters) north and east
void Location::offset(ftype ofs_north, ftype ofs_east)
{
    offset_latlng(lat, lng, ofs_north, ofs_east);
}

// extrapolate latitude/longitude given distances (in meters) north
// and east. Note that this is metres, *even for the altitude*.
void Location::offset(const Vector3p &ofs_ned)
{
    offset_latlng(lat, lng, ofs_ned.x, ofs_ned.y);
    alt += -ofs_ned.z * 100;  // m -> cm
}

/*
 *  extrapolate latitude/longitude given bearing and distance
 * Note that this function is accurate to about 1mm at a distance of
 * 100m. This function has the advantage that it works in relative
 * positions, so it keeps the accuracy even when dealing with small
 * distances and floating point numbers
 */
void Location::offset_bearing(ftype bearing_deg, ftype distance)
{
    const ftype ofs_north = cosF(radians(bearing_deg)) * distance;
    const ftype ofs_east  = sinF(radians(bearing_deg)) * distance;
    offset(ofs_north, ofs_east);
}

// extrapolate latitude/longitude given bearing, pitch and distance
void Location::offset_bearing_and_pitch(ftype bearing_deg, ftype pitch_deg, ftype distance)
{
    const ftype ofs_north =  cosF(radians(pitch_deg)) * cosF(radians(bearing_deg)) * distance;
    const ftype ofs_east  =  cosF(radians(pitch_deg)) * sinF(radians(bearing_deg)) * distance;
    offset(ofs_north, ofs_east);
    const int32_t dalt =  sinF(radians(pitch_deg)) * distance *100.0f;
    alt += dalt; 
}


ftype Location::longitude_scale(int32_t lat)
{
    ftype scale = cosF(lat * (1.0e-7 * DEG_TO_RAD));
    return MAX(scale, 0.01);
}

/*
 * convert invalid waypoint with useful data. return true if location changed
 */
bool Location::sanitize(const Location &defaultLoc)
{
    bool has_changed = false;
    // convert lat/lng=0 to mean current point
    if (lat == 0 && lng == 0) {
        lat = defaultLoc.lat;
        lng = defaultLoc.lng;
        has_changed = true;
    }

    // convert relative alt=0 to mean current alt
    if (alt == 0 && relative_alt) {
        int32_t defaultLoc_alt;
        if (defaultLoc.get_alt_cm(get_alt_frame(), defaultLoc_alt)) {
            alt = defaultLoc_alt;
            has_changed = true;
        }
    }

    // limit lat/lng to appropriate ranges
    if (!check_latlng()) {
        lat = defaultLoc.lat;
        lng = defaultLoc.lng;
        has_changed = true;
    }

    return has_changed;
}

// return bearing in radians from location to loc2, return is 0 to 2*Pi
ftype Location::get_bearing(const Location &loc2) const
{
    const int32_t off_x = diff_longitude(loc2.lng,lng);
    const int32_t off_y = (loc2.lat - lat) / loc2.longitude_scale((lat+loc2.lat)/2);
    ftype bearing = (M_PI*0.5) + atan2F(-off_y, off_x);
    if (bearing < 0) {
        bearing += 2*M_PI;
    }
    return bearing;
}

/*
  return true if lat and lng match. Ignores altitude and options
 */
bool Location::same_latlon_as(const Location &loc2) const
{
    return (lat == loc2.lat) && (lng == loc2.lng);
}

bool Location::same_alt_as(const Location &loc2) const
{
    // fast path if the altitude frame is the same
    if (this->get_alt_frame() == loc2.get_alt_frame()) {
        return this->alt == loc2.alt;
    }

    ftype alt_diff;
    bool have_diff = this->get_height_above(loc2, alt_diff);

    const ftype tolerance = FLT_EPSILON;
    return have_diff && (fabsF(alt_diff) < tolerance);
}

// return true when lat and lng are within range
bool Location::check_latlng() const
{
    return check_lat(lat) && check_lng(lng);
}

// see if location is past a line perpendicular to
// the line between point1 and point2 and passing through point2.
// If point1 is our previous waypoint and point2 is our target waypoint
// then this function returns true if we have flown past
// the target waypoint
bool Location::past_interval_finish_line(const Location &point1, const Location &point2) const
{
    return this->line_path_proportion(point1, point2) >= 1.0f;
}

/*
  return the proportion we are along the path from point1 to
  point2, along a line parallel to point1<->point2.

  This will be more than 1 if we have passed point2
 */
float Location::line_path_proportion(const Location &point1, const Location &point2) const
{
    const Vector2f vec1 = point1.get_distance_NE(point2);
    const Vector2f vec2 = point1.get_distance_NE(*this);
    const ftype dsquared = sq(vec1.x) + sq(vec1.y);
    if (dsquared < 0.001f) {
        // the two points are very close together
        return 1.0f;
    }
    return (vec1 * vec2) / dsquared;
}

/*
  wrap longitude for -180e7 to 180e7
 */
int32_t Location::wrap_longitude(int64_t lon)
{
    if (lon > 1800000000L) {
        lon = int32_t(lon-3600000000LL);
    } else if (lon < -1800000000L) {
        lon = int32_t(lon+3600000000LL);
    }
    return int32_t(lon);
}

/*
  get lon1-lon2, wrapping at -180e7 to 180e7
 */
int32_t Location::diff_longitude(int32_t lon1, int32_t lon2)
{
    if ((lon1 & 0x80000000) == (lon2 & 0x80000000)) {
        // common case of same sign
        return lon1 - lon2;
    }
    int64_t dlon = int64_t(lon1)-int64_t(lon2);
    if (dlon > 1800000000LL) {
        dlon -= 3600000000LL;
    } else if (dlon < -1800000000LL) {
        dlon += 3600000000LL;
    }
    return int32_t(dlon);
}

/*
  limit latitude to -90e7 to 90e7
 */
int32_t Location::limit_lattitude(int32_t lat)
{
    if (lat > 900000000L) {
        lat = 1800000000LL - lat;
    } else if (lat < -900000000L) {
        lat = -(1800000000LL + lat);
    }
    return lat;
}

// update altitude and alt-frame base on this location's horizontal position between point1 and point2
// this location's lat,lon is used to calculate the alt of the closest point on the line between point1 and point2
// origin and destination's altitude frames must be the same
// this alt-frame will be updated to match the destination alt frame
void Location::linearly_interpolate_alt(const Location &point1, const Location &point2)
{
    // new target's distance along the original track and then linear interpolate between the original origin and destination altitudes
    set_alt_cm(point1.alt + (point2.alt - point1.alt) * constrain_float(line_path_proportion(point1, point2), 0.0f, 1.0f), point2.get_alt_frame());
}

#endif // HAL_BOOTLOADER_BUILD