AlertsTest.java

// Licensed to the Software Freedom Conservancy (SFC) under one
// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
// distributed with this work for additional information
// regarding copyright ownership.  The SFC licenses this file
// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
// specific language governing permissions and limitations
// under the License.

package org.openqa.selenium;

import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThatExceptionOfType;
import static org.openqa.selenium.WaitingConditions.newWindowIsOpened;
import static org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions.alertIsPresent;
import static org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated;
import static org.openqa.selenium.testing.drivers.Browser.CHROME;
import static org.openqa.selenium.testing.drivers.Browser.EDGE;
import static org.openqa.selenium.testing.drivers.Browser.FIREFOX;
import static org.openqa.selenium.testing.drivers.Browser.SAFARI;

import java.util.Set;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.AfterEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.environment.webserver.Page;
import org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.ExpectedCondition;
import org.openqa.selenium.testing.Ignore;
import org.openqa.selenium.testing.JupiterTestBase;
import org.openqa.selenium.testing.NoDriverAfterTest;
import org.openqa.selenium.testing.SwitchToTopAfterTest;

class AlertsTest extends JupiterTestBase {

  private static ExpectedCondition<Boolean> textInElementLocated(
      final By locator, final String text) {
    return driver -> text.equals(driver.findElement(locator).getText());
  }

  private static ExpectedCondition<WebDriver> ableToSwitchToWindow(final String name) {
    return driver -> driver.switchTo().window(name);
  }

  @AfterEach
  public void closeAlertIfPresent() {
    try {
      driver.switchTo().alert().dismiss();
    } catch (WebDriverException ignore) {
    }
  }

  private String alertPage(String alertText) {
    return appServer.create(
        new Page()
            .withTitle("Testing Alerts")
            .withBody(
                "<a href='#' id='alert' onclick='alert(\"" + alertText + "\");'>click me</a>"));
  }

  private String promptPage(String defaultText) {
    return appServer.create(
        new Page()
            .withTitle("Testing Prompt")
            .withScripts(
                "function setInnerText(id, value) {",
                "  document.getElementById(id).innerHTML = '<p>' + value + '</p>';",
                "}",
                defaultText == null
                    ? "function displayPrompt() { setInnerText('text', prompt('Enter something'));"
                        + " }"
                    : "function displayPrompt() { setInnerText('text', prompt('Enter something', '"
                        + defaultText
                        + "')); }")
            .withBody(
                "<a href='#' id='prompt' onclick='displayPrompt();'>click me</a>",
                "<div id='text'>acceptor</div>"));
  }

  @Test
  void testShouldBeAbleToOverrideTheWindowAlertMethod() {
    driver.get(alertPage("cheese"));

    ((JavascriptExecutor) driver)
        .executeScript(
            "window.alert = function(msg) { document.getElementById('text').innerHTML = msg; }");
    driver.findElement(By.id("alert")).click();

    // If we can perform any action, we're good to go
    assertThat(driver.getTitle()).isEqualTo("Testing Alerts");
  }

  @Test
  void testShouldAllowUsersToAcceptAnAlertManually() {
    driver.get(alertPage("cheese"));

    driver.findElement(By.id("alert")).click();
    Alert alert = wait.until(alertIsPresent());
    alert.accept();

    // If we can perform any action, we're good to go
    assertThat(driver.getTitle()).isEqualTo("Testing Alerts");
  }

  @Test
  void testShouldThrowIllegalArgumentExceptionWhenKeysNull() {
    driver.get(alertPage("cheese"));

    driver.findElement(By.id("alert")).click();
    Alert alert = wait.until(alertIsPresent());

    assertThatExceptionOfType(IllegalArgumentException.class)
        .isThrownBy(() -> alert.sendKeys(null));
  }

  @Test
  void testShouldAllowUsersToAcceptAnAlertWithNoTextManually() {
    driver.get(alertPage(""));

    driver.findElement(By.id("alert")).click();
    Alert alert = wait.until(alertIsPresent());
    alert.accept();

    // If we can perform any action, we're good to go
    assertThat(driver.getTitle()).isEqualTo("Testing Alerts");
  }

  @Test
  void testShouldAllowUsersToDismissAnAlertManually() {
    driver.get(alertPage("cheese"));

    driver.findElement(By.id("alert")).click();
    Alert alert = wait.until(alertIsPresent());
    alert.dismiss();

    // If we can perform any action, we're good to go
    assertThat(driver.getTitle()).isEqualTo("Testing Alerts");
  }

  @Test
  void testShouldAllowAUserToAcceptAPrompt() {
    driver.get(promptPage(null));

    driver.findElement(By.id("prompt")).click();
    Alert alert = wait.until(alertIsPresent());
    alert.accept();

    // If we can perform any action, we're good to go
    assertThat(driver.getTitle()).isEqualTo("Testing Prompt");
  }

  @Test
  void testShouldAllowAUserToDismissAPrompt() {
    driver.get(promptPage(null));

    driver.findElement(By.id("prompt")).click();
    Alert alert = wait.until(alertIsPresent());
    alert.dismiss();

    // If we can perform any action, we're good to go
    assertThat(driver.getTitle()).isEqualTo("Testing Prompt");
  }

  @Test
  void testShouldAllowAUserToSetTheValueOfAPrompt() {
    driver.get(promptPage(null));

    driver.findElement(By.id("prompt")).click();
    Alert alert = wait.until(alertIsPresent());
    alert.sendKeys("cheese");
    alert.accept();

    wait.until(textInElementLocated(By.id("text"), "cheese"));
  }

  @Test
  void testSettingTheValueOfAnAlertThrows() {
    driver.get(alertPage("cheese"));

    driver.findElement(By.id("alert")).click();

    Alert alert = wait.until(alertIsPresent());
    assertThatExceptionOfType(ElementNotInteractableException.class)
        .isThrownBy(() -> alert.sendKeys("cheese"));
  }

  @Test
  void testShouldAllowTheUserToGetTheTextOfAnAlert() {
    driver.get(alertPage("cheese"));

    driver.findElement(By.id("alert")).click();
    Alert alert = wait.until(alertIsPresent());
    String value = alert.getText();
    alert.accept();

    assertThat(value).isEqualTo("cheese");
  }

  @Test
  void testShouldAllowTheUserToGetTheTextOfAPrompt() {
    driver.get(promptPage(null));

    driver.findElement(By.id("prompt")).click();
    Alert alert = wait.until(alertIsPresent());
    String value = alert.getText();
    alert.accept();

    assertThat(value).isEqualTo("Enter something");
  }

  @Test
  void testAlertShouldNotAllowAdditionalCommandsIfDismissed() {
    driver.get(alertPage("cheese"));

    driver.findElement(By.id("alert")).click();
    Alert alert = wait.until(alertIsPresent());
    alert.accept();

    assertThatExceptionOfType(NoAlertPresentException.class).isThrownBy(alert::getText);
  }

  @SwitchToTopAfterTest
  @Test
  void testShouldAllowUsersToAcceptAnAlertInAFrame() {
    String iframe =
        appServer.create(
            new Page()
                .withBody(
                    "<a href='#' id='alertInFrame' onclick='alert(\"framed cheese\");'>click"
                        + " me</a>"));
    driver.get(
        appServer.create(
            new Page()
                .withTitle("Testing Alerts")
                .withBody(
                    String.format("<iframe src='%s' name='iframeWithAlert'></iframe>", iframe))));

    driver.switchTo().frame("iframeWithAlert");
    driver.findElement(By.id("alertInFrame")).click();
    Alert alert = wait.until(alertIsPresent());
    alert.accept();

    // If we can perform any action, we're good to go
    assertThat(driver.getTitle()).isEqualTo("Testing Alerts");
  }

  @SwitchToTopAfterTest
  @Test
  void testShouldAllowUsersToAcceptAnAlertInANestedFrame() {
    String iframe =
        appServer.create(
            new Page()
                .withBody(
                    "<a href='#' id='alertInFrame' onclick='alert(\"framed cheese\");'>click"
                        + " me</a>"));
    String iframe2 =
        appServer.create(
            new Page()
                .withBody(
                    String.format("<iframe src='%s' name='iframeWithAlert'></iframe>", iframe)));
    driver.get(
        appServer.create(
            new Page()
                .withTitle("Testing Alerts")
                .withBody(
                    String.format("<iframe src='%s' name='iframeWithIframe'></iframe>", iframe2))));

    driver.switchTo().frame("iframeWithIframe").switchTo().frame("iframeWithAlert");

    driver.findElement(By.id("alertInFrame")).click();
    Alert alert = wait.until(alertIsPresent());
    alert.accept();

    // If we can perform any action, we're good to go
    assertThat(driver.getTitle()).isEqualTo("Testing Alerts");
  }

  @Test
  void testSwitchingToMissingAlertThrows() {
    driver.get(alertPage("cheese"));

    assertThatExceptionOfType(NoAlertPresentException.class)
        .isThrownBy(() -> driver.switchTo().alert());
  }

  @Test
  void testSwitchingToMissingAlertInAClosedWindowThrows() {
    String blank = appServer.create(new Page());
    driver.get(
        appServer.create(
            new Page()
                .withBody(
                    String.format(
                        "<a id='open-new-window' href='%s' target='newwindow'>open new window</a>",
                        blank))));

    String mainWindow = driver.getWindowHandle();
    try {
      driver.findElement(By.id("open-new-window")).click();
      wait.until(ableToSwitchToWindow("newwindow"));
      driver.close();

      assertThatExceptionOfType(NoSuchWindowException.class)
          .isThrownBy(() -> driver.switchTo().alert());

    } finally {
      driver.switchTo().window(mainWindow);
    }
  }

  @Test
  void testPromptShouldUseDefaultValueIfNoKeysSent() {
    driver.get(promptPage("This is a default value"));

    wait.until(presenceOfElementLocated(By.id("prompt"))).click();
    Alert alert = wait.until(alertIsPresent());
    alert.accept();

    wait.until(textInElementLocated(By.id("text"), "This is a default value"));
  }

  @Test
  void testPromptShouldHaveNullValueIfDismissed() {
    driver.get(promptPage("This is a default value"));

    driver.findElement(By.id("prompt")).click();
    Alert alert = wait.until(alertIsPresent());
    alert.dismiss();

    wait.until(textInElementLocated(By.id("text"), "null"));
  }

  @Test
  void testHandlesTwoAlertsFromOneInteraction() {
    driver.get(
        appServer.create(
            new Page()
                .withScripts(
                    "function setInnerText(id, value) {",
                    "  document.getElementById(id).innerHTML = '<p>' + value + '</p>';",
                    "}",
                    "function displayTwoPrompts() {",
                    "  setInnerText('text1', prompt('First'));",
                    "  setInnerText('text2', prompt('Second'));",
                    "}")
                .withBody(
                    "<a href='#' id='double-prompt' onclick='displayTwoPrompts();'>click me</a>",
                    "<div id='text1'></div>",
                    "<div id='text2'></div>")));

    wait.until(presenceOfElementLocated(By.id("double-prompt"))).click();
    Alert alert1 = wait.until(alertIsPresent());
    alert1.sendKeys("brie");
    alert1.accept();

    Alert alert2 = wait.until(alertIsPresent());
    alert2.sendKeys("cheddar");
    alert2.accept();

    wait.until(textInElementLocated(By.id("text1"), "brie"));
    wait.until(textInElementLocated(By.id("text2"), "cheddar"));
  }

  @Test
  void testShouldHandleAlertOnPageLoad() {
    String pageWithOnLoad =
        appServer.create(
            new Page()
                .withOnLoad("javascript:alert(\"onload\")")
                .withBody("<p>Page with onload event handler</p>"));
    driver.get(
        appServer.create(
            new Page()
                .withBody(
                    String.format("<a id='link' href='%s'>open new page</a>", pageWithOnLoad))));

    driver.findElement(By.id("link")).click();
    Alert alert = wait.until(alertIsPresent());
    String value = alert.getText();
    alert.accept();

    assertThat(value).isEqualTo("onload");
    wait.until(textInElementLocated(By.tagName("p"), "Page with onload event handler"));
  }

  @Test
  void testShouldHandleAlertOnPageLoadUsingGet() {
    driver.get(
        appServer.create(
            new Page()
                .withOnLoad("javascript:alert(\"onload\")")
                .withBody("<p>Page with onload event handler</p>")));

    Alert alert = wait.until(alertIsPresent());
    String value = alert.getText();
    alert.accept();

    assertThat(value).isEqualTo("onload");
    wait.until(textInElementLocated(By.tagName("p"), "Page with onload event handler"));
  }

  @Test
  @Ignore(value = CHROME, reason = "Hangs")
  @Ignore(value = EDGE, reason = "Hangs")
  @Ignore(SAFARI)
  @NoDriverAfterTest
  public void testShouldNotHandleAlertInAnotherWindow() {
    String pageWithOnLoad =
        appServer.create(
            new Page()
                .withOnLoad("javascript:alert(\"onload\")")
                .withBody("<p>Page with onload event handler</p>"));
    driver.get(
        appServer.create(
            new Page()
                .withBody(
                    String.format(
                        "<a id='open-new-window' href='%s' target='newwindow'>open new window</a>",
                        pageWithOnLoad))));

    Set<String> currentWindowHandles = driver.getWindowHandles();
    driver.findElement(By.id("open-new-window")).click();
    wait.until(newWindowIsOpened(currentWindowHandles));

    assertThatExceptionOfType(TimeoutException.class)
        .isThrownBy(() -> wait.until(alertIsPresent()));
  }

  @Test
  @Ignore(
      value = FIREFOX,
      reason = "Per spec, an error data dictionary with text value is optional")
  public void testIncludesAlertTextInUnhandledAlertException() {
    driver.get(alertPage("cheese"));

    driver.findElement(By.id("alert")).click();
    wait.until(alertIsPresent());

    assertThatExceptionOfType(UnhandledAlertException.class)
        .isThrownBy(driver::getTitle)
        .withMessageContaining("cheese")
        .satisfies(ex -> assertThat(ex.getAlertText()).isEqualTo("cheese"));
  }

  @NoDriverAfterTest
  @Test
  void testCanQuitWhenAnAlertIsPresent() {
    driver.get(alertPage("cheese"));

    driver.findElement(By.id("alert")).click();
    wait.until(alertIsPresent());

    driver.quit();
  }

  @Test
  void shouldHandleAlertOnFormSubmit() {
    driver.get(
        appServer.create(
            new Page()
                .withTitle("Testing Alerts")
                .withBody(
                    "<form id='theForm' action='javascript:alert(\"Tasty cheese\");'>",
                    "<input id='unused' type='submit' value='Submit'>",
                    "</form>")));

    driver.findElement(By.id("theForm")).submit();
    Alert alert = wait.until(alertIsPresent());
    String value = alert.getText();
    alert.accept();

    assertThat(value).isEqualTo("Tasty cheese");
    assertThat(driver.getTitle()).isEqualTo("Testing Alerts");
  }
}