relocs.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <elf.h>
#include <byteswap.h>
#define USE_BSD
#include <endian.h>
#include <regex.h>

static void die(char *fmt, ...);

#define ARRAY_SIZE(x) (sizeof(x) / sizeof((x)[0]))
static Elf32_Ehdr ehdr;
static unsigned long reloc_count, reloc_idx;
static unsigned long *relocs;

struct section {
	Elf32_Shdr     shdr;
	struct section *link;
	Elf32_Sym      *symtab;
	Elf32_Rel      *reltab;
	char           *strtab;
};
static struct section *secs;

/*
 * Following symbols have been audited. There values are constant and do
 * not change if bzImage is loaded at a different physical address than
 * the address for which it has been compiled. Don't warn user about
 * absolute relocations present w.r.t these symbols.
 */
static const char abs_sym_regex[] =
	"^(xen_irq_disable_direct_reloc$|"
	"xen_save_fl_direct_reloc$|"
	"VDSO|"
	"__crc_)";
static regex_t abs_sym_regex_c;
static int is_abs_reloc(const char *sym_name)
{
	return !regexec(&abs_sym_regex_c, sym_name, 0, NULL, 0);
}

/*
 * These symbols are known to be relative, even if the linker marks them
 * as absolute (typically defined outside any section in the linker script.)
 */
static const char rel_sym_regex[] =
	"^_end$";
static regex_t rel_sym_regex_c;
static int is_rel_reloc(const char *sym_name)
{
	return !regexec(&rel_sym_regex_c, sym_name, 0, NULL, 0);
}

static void regex_init(void)
{
        char errbuf[128];
        int err;
	
        err = regcomp(&abs_sym_regex_c, abs_sym_regex,
                      REG_EXTENDED|REG_NOSUB);
        if (err) {
                regerror(err, &abs_sym_regex_c, errbuf, sizeof errbuf);
                die("%s", errbuf);
        }

        err = regcomp(&rel_sym_regex_c, rel_sym_regex,
                      REG_EXTENDED|REG_NOSUB);
        if (err) {
                regerror(err, &rel_sym_regex_c, errbuf, sizeof errbuf);
                die("%s", errbuf);
        }
}

static void die(char *fmt, ...)
{
	va_list ap;
	va_start(ap, fmt);
	vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
	va_end(ap);
	exit(1);
}

static const char *sym_type(unsigned type)
{
	static const char *type_name[] = {
#define SYM_TYPE(X) [X] = #X
		SYM_TYPE(STT_NOTYPE),
		SYM_TYPE(STT_OBJECT),
		SYM_TYPE(STT_FUNC),
		SYM_TYPE(STT_SECTION),
		SYM_TYPE(STT_FILE),
		SYM_TYPE(STT_COMMON),
		SYM_TYPE(STT_TLS),
#undef SYM_TYPE
	};
	const char *name = "unknown sym type name";
	if (type < ARRAY_SIZE(type_name)) {
		name = type_name[type];
	}
	return name;
}

static const char *sym_bind(unsigned bind)
{
	static const char *bind_name[] = {
#define SYM_BIND(X) [X] = #X
		SYM_BIND(STB_LOCAL),
		SYM_BIND(STB_GLOBAL),
		SYM_BIND(STB_WEAK),
#undef SYM_BIND
	};
	const char *name = "unknown sym bind name";
	if (bind < ARRAY_SIZE(bind_name)) {
		name = bind_name[bind];
	}
	return name;
}

static const char *sym_visibility(unsigned visibility)
{
	static const char *visibility_name[] = {
#define SYM_VISIBILITY(X) [X] = #X
		SYM_VISIBILITY(STV_DEFAULT),
		SYM_VISIBILITY(STV_INTERNAL),
		SYM_VISIBILITY(STV_HIDDEN),
		SYM_VISIBILITY(STV_PROTECTED),
#undef SYM_VISIBILITY
	};
	const char *name = "unknown sym visibility name";
	if (visibility < ARRAY_SIZE(visibility_name)) {
		name = visibility_name[visibility];
	}
	return name;
}

static const char *rel_type(unsigned type)
{
	static const char *type_name[] = {
#define REL_TYPE(X) [X] = #X
		REL_TYPE(R_386_NONE),
		REL_TYPE(R_386_32),
		REL_TYPE(R_386_PC32),
		REL_TYPE(R_386_GOT32),
		REL_TYPE(R_386_PLT32),
		REL_TYPE(R_386_COPY),
		REL_TYPE(R_386_GLOB_DAT),
		REL_TYPE(R_386_JMP_SLOT),
		REL_TYPE(R_386_RELATIVE),
		REL_TYPE(R_386_GOTOFF),
		REL_TYPE(R_386_GOTPC),
#undef REL_TYPE
	};
	const char *name = "unknown type rel type name";
	if (type < ARRAY_SIZE(type_name) && type_name[type]) {
		name = type_name[type];
	}
	return name;
}

static const char *sec_name(unsigned shndx)
{
	const char *sec_strtab;
	const char *name;
	sec_strtab = secs[ehdr.e_shstrndx].strtab;
	name = "<noname>";
	if (shndx < ehdr.e_shnum) {
		name = sec_strtab + secs[shndx].shdr.sh_name;
	}
	else if (shndx == SHN_ABS) {
		name = "ABSOLUTE";
	}
	else if (shndx == SHN_COMMON) {
		name = "COMMON";
	}
	return name;
}

static const char *sym_name(const char *sym_strtab, Elf32_Sym *sym)
{
	const char *name;
	name = "<noname>";
	if (sym->st_name) {
		name = sym_strtab + sym->st_name;
	}
	else {
		name = sec_name(secs[sym->st_shndx].shdr.sh_name);
	}
	return name;
}



#if BYTE_ORDER == LITTLE_ENDIAN
#define le16_to_cpu(val) (val)
#define le32_to_cpu(val) (val)
#endif
#if BYTE_ORDER == BIG_ENDIAN
#define le16_to_cpu(val) bswap_16(val)
#define le32_to_cpu(val) bswap_32(val)
#endif

static uint16_t elf16_to_cpu(uint16_t val)
{
	return le16_to_cpu(val);
}

static uint32_t elf32_to_cpu(uint32_t val)
{
	return le32_to_cpu(val);
}

static void read_ehdr(FILE *fp)
{
	if (fread(&ehdr, sizeof(ehdr), 1, fp) != 1) {
		die("Cannot read ELF header: %s\n",
			strerror(errno));
	}
	if (memcmp(ehdr.e_ident, ELFMAG, SELFMAG) != 0) {
		die("No ELF magic\n");
	}
	if (ehdr.e_ident[EI_CLASS] != ELFCLASS32) {
		die("Not a 32 bit executable\n");
	}
	if (ehdr.e_ident[EI_DATA] != ELFDATA2LSB) {
		die("Not a LSB ELF executable\n");
	}
	if (ehdr.e_ident[EI_VERSION] != EV_CURRENT) {
		die("Unknown ELF version\n");
	}
	/* Convert the fields to native endian */
	ehdr.e_type      = elf16_to_cpu(ehdr.e_type);
	ehdr.e_machine   = elf16_to_cpu(ehdr.e_machine);
	ehdr.e_version   = elf32_to_cpu(ehdr.e_version);
	ehdr.e_entry     = elf32_to_cpu(ehdr.e_entry);
	ehdr.e_phoff     = elf32_to_cpu(ehdr.e_phoff);
	ehdr.e_shoff     = elf32_to_cpu(ehdr.e_shoff);
	ehdr.e_flags     = elf32_to_cpu(ehdr.e_flags);
	ehdr.e_ehsize    = elf16_to_cpu(ehdr.e_ehsize);
	ehdr.e_phentsize = elf16_to_cpu(ehdr.e_phentsize);
	ehdr.e_phnum     = elf16_to_cpu(ehdr.e_phnum);
	ehdr.e_shentsize = elf16_to_cpu(ehdr.e_shentsize);
	ehdr.e_shnum     = elf16_to_cpu(ehdr.e_shnum);
	ehdr.e_shstrndx  = elf16_to_cpu(ehdr.e_shstrndx);

	if ((ehdr.e_type != ET_EXEC) && (ehdr.e_type != ET_DYN)) {
		die("Unsupported ELF header type\n");
	}
	if (ehdr.e_machine != EM_386) {
		die("Not for x86\n");
	}
	if (ehdr.e_version != EV_CURRENT) {
		die("Unknown ELF version\n");
	}
	if (ehdr.e_ehsize != sizeof(Elf32_Ehdr)) {
		die("Bad Elf header size\n");
	}
	if (ehdr.e_phentsize != sizeof(Elf32_Phdr)) {
		die("Bad program header entry\n");
	}
	if (ehdr.e_shentsize != sizeof(Elf32_Shdr)) {
		die("Bad section header entry\n");
	}
	if (ehdr.e_shstrndx >= ehdr.e_shnum) {
		die("String table index out of bounds\n");
	}
}

static void read_shdrs(FILE *fp)
{
	int i;
	Elf32_Shdr shdr;

	secs = calloc(ehdr.e_shnum, sizeof(struct section));
	if (!secs) {
		die("Unable to allocate %d section headers\n",
		    ehdr.e_shnum);
	}
	if (fseek(fp, ehdr.e_shoff, SEEK_SET) < 0) {
		die("Seek to %d failed: %s\n",
			ehdr.e_shoff, strerror(errno));
	}
	for (i = 0; i < ehdr.e_shnum; i++) {
		struct section *sec = &secs[i];
		if (fread(&shdr, sizeof shdr, 1, fp) != 1)
			die("Cannot read ELF section headers %d/%d: %s\n",
			    i, ehdr.e_shnum, strerror(errno));
		sec->shdr.sh_name      = elf32_to_cpu(shdr.sh_name);
		sec->shdr.sh_type      = elf32_to_cpu(shdr.sh_type);
		sec->shdr.sh_flags     = elf32_to_cpu(shdr.sh_flags);
		sec->shdr.sh_addr      = elf32_to_cpu(shdr.sh_addr);
		sec->shdr.sh_offset    = elf32_to_cpu(shdr.sh_offset);
		sec->shdr.sh_size      = elf32_to_cpu(shdr.sh_size);
		sec->shdr.sh_link      = elf32_to_cpu(shdr.sh_link);
		sec->shdr.sh_info      = elf32_to_cpu(shdr.sh_info);
		sec->shdr.sh_addralign = elf32_to_cpu(shdr.sh_addralign);
		sec->shdr.sh_entsize   = elf32_to_cpu(shdr.sh_entsize);
		if (sec->shdr.sh_link < ehdr.e_shnum)
			sec->link = &secs[sec->shdr.sh_link];
	}

}

static void read_strtabs(FILE *fp)
{
	int i;
	for (i = 0; i < ehdr.e_shnum; i++) {
		struct section *sec = &secs[i];
		if (sec->shdr.sh_type != SHT_STRTAB) {
			continue;
		}
		sec->strtab = malloc(sec->shdr.sh_size);
		if (!sec->strtab) {
			die("malloc of %d bytes for strtab failed\n",
				sec->shdr.sh_size);
		}
		if (fseek(fp, sec->shdr.sh_offset, SEEK_SET) < 0) {
			die("Seek to %d failed: %s\n",
				sec->shdr.sh_offset, strerror(errno));
		}
		if (fread(sec->strtab, 1, sec->shdr.sh_size, fp)
		    != sec->shdr.sh_size) {
			die("Cannot read symbol table: %s\n",
				strerror(errno));
		}
	}
}

static void read_symtabs(FILE *fp)
{
	int i,j;
	for (i = 0; i < ehdr.e_shnum; i++) {
		struct section *sec = &secs[i];
		if (sec->shdr.sh_type != SHT_SYMTAB) {
			continue;
		}
		sec->symtab = malloc(sec->shdr.sh_size);
		if (!sec->symtab) {
			die("malloc of %d bytes for symtab failed\n",
				sec->shdr.sh_size);
		}
		if (fseek(fp, sec->shdr.sh_offset, SEEK_SET) < 0) {
			die("Seek to %d failed: %s\n",
				sec->shdr.sh_offset, strerror(errno));
		}
		if (fread(sec->symtab, 1, sec->shdr.sh_size, fp)
		    != sec->shdr.sh_size) {
			die("Cannot read symbol table: %s\n",
				strerror(errno));
		}
		for (j = 0; j < sec->shdr.sh_size/sizeof(Elf32_Sym); j++) {
			Elf32_Sym *sym = &sec->symtab[j];
			sym->st_name  = elf32_to_cpu(sym->st_name);
			sym->st_value = elf32_to_cpu(sym->st_value);
			sym->st_size  = elf32_to_cpu(sym->st_size);
			sym->st_shndx = elf16_to_cpu(sym->st_shndx);
		}
	}
}


static void read_relocs(FILE *fp)
{
	int i,j;
	for (i = 0; i < ehdr.e_shnum; i++) {
		struct section *sec = &secs[i];
		if (sec->shdr.sh_type != SHT_REL) {
			continue;
		}
		sec->reltab = malloc(sec->shdr.sh_size);
		if (!sec->reltab) {
			die("malloc of %d bytes for relocs failed\n",
				sec->shdr.sh_size);
		}
		if (fseek(fp, sec->shdr.sh_offset, SEEK_SET) < 0) {
			die("Seek to %d failed: %s\n",
				sec->shdr.sh_offset, strerror(errno));
		}
		if (fread(sec->reltab, 1, sec->shdr.sh_size, fp)
		    != sec->shdr.sh_size) {
			die("Cannot read symbol table: %s\n",
				strerror(errno));
		}
		for (j = 0; j < sec->shdr.sh_size/sizeof(Elf32_Rel); j++) {
			Elf32_Rel *rel = &sec->reltab[j];
			rel->r_offset = elf32_to_cpu(rel->r_offset);
			rel->r_info   = elf32_to_cpu(rel->r_info);
		}
	}
}


static void print_absolute_symbols(void)
{
	int i;
	printf("Absolute symbols\n");
	printf(" Num:    Value Size  Type       Bind        Visibility  Name\n");
	for (i = 0; i < ehdr.e_shnum; i++) {
		struct section *sec = &secs[i];
		char *sym_strtab;
		Elf32_Sym *sh_symtab;
		int j;

		if (sec->shdr.sh_type != SHT_SYMTAB) {
			continue;
		}
		sh_symtab = sec->symtab;
		sym_strtab = sec->link->strtab;
		for (j = 0; j < sec->shdr.sh_size/sizeof(Elf32_Sym); j++) {
			Elf32_Sym *sym;
			const char *name;
			sym = &sec->symtab[j];
			name = sym_name(sym_strtab, sym);
			if (sym->st_shndx != SHN_ABS) {
				continue;
			}
			printf("%5d %08x %5d %10s %10s %12s %s\n",
				j, sym->st_value, sym->st_size,
				sym_type(ELF32_ST_TYPE(sym->st_info)),
				sym_bind(ELF32_ST_BIND(sym->st_info)),
				sym_visibility(ELF32_ST_VISIBILITY(sym->st_other)),
				name);
		}
	}
	printf("\n");
}

static void print_absolute_relocs(void)
{
	int i, printed = 0;

	for (i = 0; i < ehdr.e_shnum; i++) {
		struct section *sec = &secs[i];
		struct section *sec_applies, *sec_symtab;
		char *sym_strtab;
		Elf32_Sym *sh_symtab;
		int j;
		if (sec->shdr.sh_type != SHT_REL) {
			continue;
		}
		sec_symtab  = sec->link;
		sec_applies = &secs[sec->shdr.sh_info];
		if (!(sec_applies->shdr.sh_flags & SHF_ALLOC)) {
			continue;
		}
		sh_symtab  = sec_symtab->symtab;
		sym_strtab = sec_symtab->link->strtab;
		for (j = 0; j < sec->shdr.sh_size/sizeof(Elf32_Rel); j++) {
			Elf32_Rel *rel;
			Elf32_Sym *sym;
			const char *name;
			rel = &sec->reltab[j];
			sym = &sh_symtab[ELF32_R_SYM(rel->r_info)];
			name = sym_name(sym_strtab, sym);
			if (sym->st_shndx != SHN_ABS) {
				continue;
			}

			/* Absolute symbols are not relocated if bzImage is
			 * loaded at a non-compiled address. Display a warning
			 * to user at compile time about the absolute
			 * relocations present.
			 *
			 * User need to audit the code to make sure
			 * some symbols which should have been section
			 * relative have not become absolute because of some
			 * linker optimization or wrong programming usage.
			 *
			 * Before warning check if this absolute symbol
			 * relocation is harmless.
			 */
			if (is_abs_reloc(name) || is_rel_reloc(name))
				continue;

			if (!printed) {
				printf("WARNING: Absolute relocations"
					" present\n");
				printf("Offset     Info     Type     Sym.Value "
					"Sym.Name\n");
				printed = 1;
			}

			printf("%08x %08x %10s %08x  %s\n",
				rel->r_offset,
				rel->r_info,
				rel_type(ELF32_R_TYPE(rel->r_info)),
				sym->st_value,
				name);
		}
	}

	if (printed)
		printf("\n");
}

static void walk_relocs(void (*visit)(Elf32_Rel *rel, Elf32_Sym *sym))
{
	int i;
	/* Walk through the relocations */
	for (i = 0; i < ehdr.e_shnum; i++) {
		char *sym_strtab;
		Elf32_Sym *sh_symtab;
		struct section *sec_applies, *sec_symtab;
		int j;
		struct section *sec = &secs[i];

		if (sec->shdr.sh_type != SHT_REL) {
			continue;
		}
		sec_symtab  = sec->link;
		sec_applies = &secs[sec->shdr.sh_info];
		if (!(sec_applies->shdr.sh_flags & SHF_ALLOC)) {
			continue;
		}
		sh_symtab = sec_symtab->symtab;
		sym_strtab = sec_symtab->link->strtab;
		for (j = 0; j < sec->shdr.sh_size/sizeof(Elf32_Rel); j++) {
			Elf32_Rel *rel;
			Elf32_Sym *sym;
			unsigned r_type;
			rel = &sec->reltab[j];
			sym = &sh_symtab[ELF32_R_SYM(rel->r_info)];
			r_type = ELF32_R_TYPE(rel->r_info);
			/* Don't visit relocations to absolute symbols */
			if (sym->st_shndx == SHN_ABS &&
			    !is_rel_reloc(sym_name(sym_strtab, sym))) {
				continue;
			}
			switch (r_type) {
			case R_386_NONE:
			case R_386_PC32:
				/*
				 * NONE can be ignored and and PC relative
				 * relocations don't need to be adjusted.
				 */
				break;
			case R_386_32:
				/* Visit relocations that need to be adjusted */
				visit(rel, sym);
				break;
			default:
				die("Unsupported relocation type: %s (%d)\n",
				    rel_type(r_type), r_type);
				break;
			}
		}
	}
}

static void count_reloc(Elf32_Rel *rel, Elf32_Sym *sym)
{
	reloc_count += 1;
}

static void collect_reloc(Elf32_Rel *rel, Elf32_Sym *sym)
{
	/* Remember the address that needs to be adjusted. */
	relocs[reloc_idx++] = rel->r_offset;
}

static int cmp_relocs(const void *va, const void *vb)
{
	const unsigned long *a, *b;
	a = va; b = vb;
	return (*a == *b)? 0 : (*a > *b)? 1 : -1;
}

static void emit_relocs(int as_text)
{
	int i;
	/* Count how many relocations I have and allocate space for them. */
	reloc_count = 0;
	walk_relocs(count_reloc);
	relocs = malloc(reloc_count * sizeof(relocs[0]));
	if (!relocs) {
		die("malloc of %d entries for relocs failed\n",
			reloc_count);
	}
	/* Collect up the relocations */
	reloc_idx = 0;
	walk_relocs(collect_reloc);

	/* Order the relocations for more efficient processing */
	qsort(relocs, reloc_count, sizeof(relocs[0]), cmp_relocs);

	/* Print the relocations */
	if (as_text) {
		/* Print the relocations in a form suitable that
		 * gas will like.
		 */
		printf(".section \".data.reloc\",\"a\"\n");
		printf(".balign 4\n");
		for (i = 0; i < reloc_count; i++) {
			printf("\t .long 0x%08lx\n", relocs[i]);
		}
		printf("\n");
	}
	else {
		unsigned char buf[4];
		/* Print a stop */
		fwrite("\0\0\0\0", 4, 1, stdout);
		/* Now print each relocation */
		for (i = 0; i < reloc_count; i++) {
			buf[0] = (relocs[i] >>  0) & 0xff;
			buf[1] = (relocs[i] >>  8) & 0xff;
			buf[2] = (relocs[i] >> 16) & 0xff;
			buf[3] = (relocs[i] >> 24) & 0xff;
			fwrite(buf, 4, 1, stdout);
		}
	}
}

static void usage(void)
{
	die("relocs [--abs-syms |--abs-relocs | --text] vmlinux\n");
}

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	int show_absolute_syms, show_absolute_relocs;
	int as_text;
	const char *fname;
	FILE *fp;
	int i;

	regex_init();

	show_absolute_syms = 0;
	show_absolute_relocs = 0;
	as_text = 0;
	fname = NULL;
	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
		char *arg = argv[i];
		if (*arg == '-') {
			if (strcmp(argv[1], "--abs-syms") == 0) {
				show_absolute_syms = 1;
				continue;
			}

			if (strcmp(argv[1], "--abs-relocs") == 0) {
				show_absolute_relocs = 1;
				continue;
			}
			else if (strcmp(argv[1], "--text") == 0) {
				as_text = 1;
				continue;
			}
		}
		else if (!fname) {
			fname = arg;
			continue;
		}
		usage();
	}
	if (!fname) {
		usage();
	}
	fp = fopen(fname, "r");
	if (!fp) {
		die("Cannot open %s: %s\n",
			fname, strerror(errno));
	}
	read_ehdr(fp);
	read_shdrs(fp);
	read_strtabs(fp);
	read_symtabs(fp);
	read_relocs(fp);
	if (show_absolute_syms) {
		print_absolute_symbols();
		return 0;
	}
	if (show_absolute_relocs) {
		print_absolute_relocs();
		return 0;
	}
	emit_relocs(as_text);
	return 0;
}