serde.rs

//! `serde` serialization and deserialization implementation for Bevy scenes.

use crate::{DynamicEntity, DynamicScene};
use bevy_ecs::entity::Entity;
use bevy_platform::collections::HashSet;
use bevy_reflect::{
    serde::{
        ReflectDeserializer, TypeRegistrationDeserializer, TypedReflectDeserializer,
        TypedReflectSerializer,
    },
    PartialReflect, ReflectFromReflect, TypeRegistry,
};
use core::fmt::Formatter;
use serde::{
    de::{DeserializeSeed, Error, MapAccess, SeqAccess, Visitor},
    ser::{SerializeMap, SerializeStruct},
    Deserialize, Deserializer, Serialize, Serializer,
};

/// Name of the serialized scene struct type.
pub const SCENE_STRUCT: &str = "Scene";
/// Name of the serialized resources field in a scene struct.
pub const SCENE_RESOURCES: &str = "resources";
/// Name of the serialized entities field in a scene struct.
pub const SCENE_ENTITIES: &str = "entities";

/// Name of the serialized entity struct type.
pub const ENTITY_STRUCT: &str = "Entity";
/// Name of the serialized component field in an entity struct.
pub const ENTITY_FIELD_COMPONENTS: &str = "components";

/// Serializer for a [`DynamicScene`].
///
/// Helper object defining Bevy's serialize format for a [`DynamicScene`] and implementing
/// the [`Serialize`] trait for use with Serde.
///
/// # Example
///
/// ```
/// # use bevy_ecs::prelude::*;
/// # use bevy_scene::{DynamicScene, serde::SceneSerializer};
/// # let mut world = World::default();
/// # world.insert_resource(AppTypeRegistry::default());
/// // Get the type registry
/// let registry = world.resource::<AppTypeRegistry>();
/// let registry = registry.read();
///
/// // Get a DynamicScene to serialize, for example from the World itself
/// let scene = DynamicScene::from_world(&world);
///
/// // Create a serializer for that DynamicScene, using the associated TypeRegistry
/// let scene_serializer = SceneSerializer::new(&scene, &registry);
///
/// // Serialize through any serde-compatible Serializer
/// let ron_string = bevy_scene::ron::ser::to_string(&scene_serializer);
/// ```
pub struct SceneSerializer<'a> {
    /// The scene to serialize.
    pub scene: &'a DynamicScene,
    /// The type registry containing the types present in the scene.
    pub registry: &'a TypeRegistry,
}

impl<'a> SceneSerializer<'a> {
    /// Create a new serializer from a [`DynamicScene`] and an associated [`TypeRegistry`].
    ///
    /// The type registry must contain all types present in the scene. This is generally the case
    /// if you obtain both the scene and the registry from the same [`World`].
    ///
    /// [`World`]: bevy_ecs::world::World
    pub fn new(scene: &'a DynamicScene, registry: &'a TypeRegistry) -> Self {
        SceneSerializer { scene, registry }
    }
}

impl<'a> Serialize for SceneSerializer<'a> {
    fn serialize<S>(&self, serializer: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error>
    where
        S: Serializer,
    {
        let mut state = serializer.serialize_struct(SCENE_STRUCT, 2)?;
        state.serialize_field(
            SCENE_RESOURCES,
            &SceneMapSerializer {
                entries: &self.scene.resources,
                registry: self.registry,
            },
        )?;
        state.serialize_field(
            SCENE_ENTITIES,
            &EntitiesSerializer {
                entities: &self.scene.entities,
                registry: self.registry,
            },
        )?;
        state.end()
    }
}

/// Handles serialization of multiple entities as a map of entity id to serialized entity.
pub struct EntitiesSerializer<'a> {
    /// The entities to serialize.
    pub entities: &'a [DynamicEntity],
    /// Type registry in which the component types used by the entities are registered.
    pub registry: &'a TypeRegistry,
}

impl<'a> Serialize for EntitiesSerializer<'a> {
    fn serialize<S>(&self, serializer: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error>
    where
        S: Serializer,
    {
        let mut state = serializer.serialize_map(Some(self.entities.len()))?;
        for entity in self.entities {
            state.serialize_entry(
                &entity.entity,
                &EntitySerializer {
                    entity,
                    registry: self.registry,
                },
            )?;
        }
        state.end()
    }
}

/// Handles entity serialization as a map of component type to component value.
pub struct EntitySerializer<'a> {
    /// The entity to serialize.
    pub entity: &'a DynamicEntity,
    /// Type registry in which the component types used by the entity are registered.
    pub registry: &'a TypeRegistry,
}

impl<'a> Serialize for EntitySerializer<'a> {
    fn serialize<S>(&self, serializer: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error>
    where
        S: Serializer,
    {
        let mut state = serializer.serialize_struct(ENTITY_STRUCT, 1)?;
        state.serialize_field(
            ENTITY_FIELD_COMPONENTS,
            &SceneMapSerializer {
                entries: &self.entity.components,
                registry: self.registry,
            },
        )?;
        state.end()
    }
}

/// Handles serializing a list of values with a unique type as a map of type to value.
///
/// Used to serialize scene resources in [`SceneSerializer`] and entity components in [`EntitySerializer`].
/// Note that having several entries of the same type in `entries` will lead to an error when using the RON format and
/// deserializing through [`SceneMapDeserializer`].
///
/// Note: The entries are sorted by type path before they're serialized.
pub struct SceneMapSerializer<'a> {
    /// List of boxed values of unique type to serialize.
    pub entries: &'a [Box<dyn PartialReflect>],
    /// Type registry in which the types used in `entries` are registered.
    pub registry: &'a TypeRegistry,
}

impl<'a> Serialize for SceneMapSerializer<'a> {
    fn serialize<S>(&self, serializer: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error>
    where
        S: Serializer,
    {
        let mut state = serializer.serialize_map(Some(self.entries.len()))?;
        let sorted_entries = {
            let mut entries = self
                .entries
                .iter()
                .map(|entry| {
                    (
                        entry.get_represented_type_info().unwrap().type_path(),
                        entry.as_partial_reflect(),
                    )
                })
                .collect::<Vec<_>>();
            entries.sort_by_key(|(type_path, _)| *type_path);
            entries
        };

        for (type_path, partial_reflect) in sorted_entries {
            state.serialize_entry(
                type_path,
                &TypedReflectSerializer::new(partial_reflect, self.registry),
            )?;
        }
        state.end()
    }
}

#[derive(Deserialize)]
#[serde(field_identifier, rename_all = "lowercase")]
enum SceneField {
    Resources,
    Entities,
}

#[derive(Deserialize)]
#[serde(field_identifier, rename_all = "lowercase")]
enum EntityField {
    Components,
}

/// Handles scene deserialization.
pub struct SceneDeserializer<'a> {
    /// Type registry in which the components and resources types used in the scene to deserialize are registered.
    pub type_registry: &'a TypeRegistry,
}

impl<'a, 'de> DeserializeSeed<'de> for SceneDeserializer<'a> {
    type Value = DynamicScene;

    fn deserialize<D>(self, deserializer: D) -> Result<Self::Value, D::Error>
    where
        D: Deserializer<'de>,
    {
        deserializer.deserialize_struct(
            SCENE_STRUCT,
            &[SCENE_RESOURCES, SCENE_ENTITIES],
            SceneVisitor {
                type_registry: self.type_registry,
            },
        )
    }
}

struct SceneVisitor<'a> {
    pub type_registry: &'a TypeRegistry,
}

impl<'a, 'de> Visitor<'de> for SceneVisitor<'a> {
    type Value = DynamicScene;

    fn expecting(&self, formatter: &mut Formatter) -> core::fmt::Result {
        formatter.write_str("scene struct")
    }

    fn visit_seq<A>(self, mut seq: A) -> Result<Self::Value, A::Error>
    where
        A: SeqAccess<'de>,
    {
        let resources = seq
            .next_element_seed(SceneMapDeserializer {
                registry: self.type_registry,
            })?
            .ok_or_else(|| Error::missing_field(SCENE_RESOURCES))?;

        let entities = seq
            .next_element_seed(SceneEntitiesDeserializer {
                type_registry: self.type_registry,
            })?
            .ok_or_else(|| Error::missing_field(SCENE_ENTITIES))?;

        Ok(DynamicScene {
            resources,
            entities,
        })
    }

    fn visit_map<A>(self, mut map: A) -> Result<Self::Value, A::Error>
    where
        A: MapAccess<'de>,
    {
        let mut resources = None;
        let mut entities = None;
        while let Some(key) = map.next_key()? {
            match key {
                SceneField::Resources => {
                    if resources.is_some() {
                        return Err(Error::duplicate_field(SCENE_RESOURCES));
                    }
                    resources = Some(map.next_value_seed(SceneMapDeserializer {
                        registry: self.type_registry,
                    })?);
                }
                SceneField::Entities => {
                    if entities.is_some() {
                        return Err(Error::duplicate_field(SCENE_ENTITIES));
                    }
                    entities = Some(map.next_value_seed(SceneEntitiesDeserializer {
                        type_registry: self.type_registry,
                    })?);
                }
            }
        }

        let resources = resources.ok_or_else(|| Error::missing_field(SCENE_RESOURCES))?;
        let entities = entities.ok_or_else(|| Error::missing_field(SCENE_ENTITIES))?;

        Ok(DynamicScene {
            resources,
            entities,
        })
    }
}

/// Handles deserialization for a collection of entities.
pub struct SceneEntitiesDeserializer<'a> {
    /// Type registry in which the component types used by the entities to deserialize are registered.
    pub type_registry: &'a TypeRegistry,
}

impl<'a, 'de> DeserializeSeed<'de> for SceneEntitiesDeserializer<'a> {
    type Value = Vec<DynamicEntity>;

    fn deserialize<D>(self, deserializer: D) -> Result<Self::Value, D::Error>
    where
        D: Deserializer<'de>,
    {
        deserializer.deserialize_map(SceneEntitiesVisitor {
            type_registry: self.type_registry,
        })
    }
}

struct SceneEntitiesVisitor<'a> {
    pub type_registry: &'a TypeRegistry,
}

impl<'a, 'de> Visitor<'de> for SceneEntitiesVisitor<'a> {
    type Value = Vec<DynamicEntity>;

    fn expecting(&self, formatter: &mut Formatter) -> core::fmt::Result {
        formatter.write_str("map of entities")
    }

    fn visit_map<A>(self, mut map: A) -> Result<Self::Value, A::Error>
    where
        A: MapAccess<'de>,
    {
        let mut entities = Vec::new();
        while let Some(entity) = map.next_key::<Entity>()? {
            let entity = map.next_value_seed(SceneEntityDeserializer {
                entity,
                type_registry: self.type_registry,
            })?;
            entities.push(entity);
        }

        Ok(entities)
    }
}

/// Handle deserialization of an entity and its components.
pub struct SceneEntityDeserializer<'a> {
    /// Id of the deserialized entity.
    pub entity: Entity,
    /// Type registry in which the component types used by the entity to deserialize are registered.
    pub type_registry: &'a TypeRegistry,
}

impl<'a, 'de> DeserializeSeed<'de> for SceneEntityDeserializer<'a> {
    type Value = DynamicEntity;

    fn deserialize<D>(self, deserializer: D) -> Result<Self::Value, D::Error>
    where
        D: Deserializer<'de>,
    {
        deserializer.deserialize_struct(
            ENTITY_STRUCT,
            &[ENTITY_FIELD_COMPONENTS],
            SceneEntityVisitor {
                entity: self.entity,
                registry: self.type_registry,
            },
        )
    }
}

struct SceneEntityVisitor<'a> {
    pub entity: Entity,
    pub registry: &'a TypeRegistry,
}

impl<'a, 'de> Visitor<'de> for SceneEntityVisitor<'a> {
    type Value = DynamicEntity;

    fn expecting(&self, formatter: &mut Formatter) -> core::fmt::Result {
        formatter.write_str("entities")
    }

    fn visit_seq<A>(self, mut seq: A) -> Result<Self::Value, A::Error>
    where
        A: SeqAccess<'de>,
    {
        let components = seq
            .next_element_seed(SceneMapDeserializer {
                registry: self.registry,
            })?
            .ok_or_else(|| Error::missing_field(ENTITY_FIELD_COMPONENTS))?;

        Ok(DynamicEntity {
            entity: self.entity,
            components,
        })
    }

    fn visit_map<A>(self, mut map: A) -> Result<Self::Value, A::Error>
    where
        A: MapAccess<'de>,
    {
        let mut components = None;
        while let Some(key) = map.next_key()? {
            match key {
                EntityField::Components => {
                    if components.is_some() {
                        return Err(Error::duplicate_field(ENTITY_FIELD_COMPONENTS));
                    }

                    components = Some(map.next_value_seed(SceneMapDeserializer {
                        registry: self.registry,
                    })?);
                }
            }
        }

        let components = components
            .take()
            .ok_or_else(|| Error::missing_field(ENTITY_FIELD_COMPONENTS))?;
        Ok(DynamicEntity {
            entity: self.entity,
            components,
        })
    }
}

/// Handles deserialization of a sequence of values with unique types.
pub struct SceneMapDeserializer<'a> {
    /// Type registry in which the types of the values to deserialize are registered.
    pub registry: &'a TypeRegistry,
}

impl<'a, 'de> DeserializeSeed<'de> for SceneMapDeserializer<'a> {
    type Value = Vec<Box<dyn PartialReflect>>;

    fn deserialize<D>(self, deserializer: D) -> Result<Self::Value, D::Error>
    where
        D: Deserializer<'de>,
    {
        deserializer.deserialize_map(SceneMapVisitor {
            registry: self.registry,
        })
    }
}

struct SceneMapVisitor<'a> {
    pub registry: &'a TypeRegistry,
}

impl<'a, 'de> Visitor<'de> for SceneMapVisitor<'a> {
    type Value = Vec<Box<dyn PartialReflect>>;

    fn expecting(&self, formatter: &mut Formatter) -> core::fmt::Result {
        formatter.write_str("map of reflect types")
    }

    fn visit_seq<A>(self, mut seq: A) -> Result<Self::Value, A::Error>
    where
        A: SeqAccess<'de>,
    {
        let mut dynamic_properties = Vec::new();
        while let Some(entity) = seq.next_element_seed(ReflectDeserializer::new(self.registry))? {
            dynamic_properties.push(entity);
        }

        Ok(dynamic_properties)
    }

    fn visit_map<A>(self, mut map: A) -> Result<Self::Value, A::Error>
    where
        A: MapAccess<'de>,
    {
        let mut added = <HashSet<_>>::default();
        let mut entries = Vec::new();
        while let Some(registration) =
            map.next_key_seed(TypeRegistrationDeserializer::new(self.registry))?
        {
            if !added.insert(registration.type_id()) {
                return Err(Error::custom(format_args!(
                    "duplicate reflect type: `{}`",
                    registration.type_info().type_path(),
                )));
            }

            let value =
                map.next_value_seed(TypedReflectDeserializer::new(registration, self.registry))?;

            // Attempt to convert using FromReflect.
            let value = self
                .registry
                .get(registration.type_id())
                .and_then(|tr| tr.data::<ReflectFromReflect>())
                .and_then(|fr| fr.from_reflect(value.as_partial_reflect()))
                .map(PartialReflect::into_partial_reflect)
                .unwrap_or(value);

            entries.push(value);
        }

        Ok(entries)
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use crate::{
        ron,
        serde::{SceneDeserializer, SceneSerializer},
        DynamicScene, DynamicSceneBuilder,
    };
    use bevy_ecs::{
        entity::{Entity, EntityHashMap},
        prelude::{Component, ReflectComponent, ReflectResource, Resource, World},
        query::{With, Without},
        reflect::AppTypeRegistry,
        world::FromWorld,
    };
    use bevy_reflect::{Reflect, ReflectDeserialize, ReflectSerialize};
    use serde::{de::DeserializeSeed, Deserialize, Serialize};
    use std::io::BufReader;

    #[derive(Component, Reflect, Default)]
    #[reflect(Component)]
    struct Foo(i32);
    #[derive(Component, Reflect, Default)]
    #[reflect(Component)]
    struct Bar(i32);
    #[derive(Component, Reflect, Default)]
    #[reflect(Component)]
    struct Baz(i32);

    // De/serialize as hex.
    mod qux {
        use serde::{de::Error, Deserialize, Deserializer, Serializer};

        pub fn serialize<S>(value: &u32, serializer: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error>
        where
            S: Serializer,
        {
            serializer.serialize_str(&format!("{value:X}"))
        }

        pub fn deserialize<'de, D>(deserializer: D) -> Result<u32, D::Error>
        where
            D: Deserializer<'de>,
        {
            u32::from_str_radix(<&str as Deserialize>::deserialize(deserializer)?, 16)
                .map_err(Error::custom)
        }
    }

    #[derive(Component, Copy, Clone, Reflect, Debug, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
    #[reflect(Component, Serialize, Deserialize)]
    struct Qux(#[serde(with = "qux")] u32);

    #[derive(Component, Reflect, Default)]
    #[reflect(Component)]
    struct MyComponent {
        foo: [usize; 3],
        bar: (f32, f32),
        baz: MyEnum,
    }

    #[derive(Reflect, Default)]
    enum MyEnum {
        #[default]
        Unit,
        Tuple(String),
        Struct {
            value: u32,
        },
    }

    #[derive(Resource, Reflect, Default)]
    #[reflect(Resource)]
    struct MyResource {
        foo: i32,
    }

    #[derive(Clone, Component, Reflect, PartialEq)]
    #[reflect(Component, PartialEq)]
    struct MyEntityRef(#[entities] Entity);

    impl FromWorld for MyEntityRef {
        fn from_world(_world: &mut World) -> Self {
            Self(Entity::PLACEHOLDER)
        }
    }

    fn create_world() -> World {
        let mut world = World::new();
        let registry = AppTypeRegistry::default();
        {
            let mut registry = registry.write();
            registry.register::<Foo>();
            registry.register::<Bar>();
            registry.register::<Baz>();
            registry.register::<Qux>();
            registry.register::<MyComponent>();
            registry.register::<MyEnum>();
            registry.register::<String>();
            registry.register_type_data::<String, ReflectSerialize>();
            registry.register::<[usize; 3]>();
            registry.register::<(f32, f32)>();
            registry.register::<MyEntityRef>();
            registry.register::<Entity>();
            registry.register::<MyResource>();
        }
        world.insert_resource(registry);
        world
    }

    #[test]
    fn should_serialize() {
        let mut world = create_world();

        let a = world.spawn(Foo(123)).id();
        let b = world.spawn((Foo(123), Bar(345))).id();
        let c = world.spawn((Foo(123), Bar(345), Baz(789))).id();

        world.insert_resource(MyResource { foo: 123 });

        let scene = DynamicSceneBuilder::from_world(&world)
            .extract_entities([a, b, c].into_iter())
            .extract_resources()
            .build();

        let expected = r#"(
  resources: {
    "bevy_scene::serde::tests::MyResource": (
      foo: 123,
    ),
  },
  entities: {
    4294967293: (
      components: {
        "bevy_scene::serde::tests::Bar": (345),
        "bevy_scene::serde::tests::Baz": (789),
        "bevy_scene::serde::tests::Foo": (123),
      },
    ),
    4294967294: (
      components: {
        "bevy_scene::serde::tests::Bar": (345),
        "bevy_scene::serde::tests::Foo": (123),
      },
    ),
    4294967295: (
      components: {
        "bevy_scene::serde::tests::Foo": (123),
      },
    ),
  },
)"#;
        let output = scene
            .serialize(&world.resource::<AppTypeRegistry>().read())
            .unwrap();
        assert_eq!(expected, output);
    }

    #[test]
    fn should_deserialize() {
        let world = create_world();

        let input = r#"(
  resources: {
    "bevy_scene::serde::tests::MyResource": (
      foo: 123,
    ),
  },
  entities: {
    8589934591: (
      components: {
        "bevy_scene::serde::tests::Foo": (123),
      },
    ),
    8589934590: (
      components: {
        "bevy_scene::serde::tests::Foo": (123),
        "bevy_scene::serde::tests::Bar": (345),
      },
    ),
    8589934589: (
      components: {
        "bevy_scene::serde::tests::Foo": (123),
        "bevy_scene::serde::tests::Bar": (345),
        "bevy_scene::serde::tests::Baz": (789),
      },
    ),
  },
)"#;
        let mut deserializer = ron::de::Deserializer::from_str(input).unwrap();
        let scene_deserializer = SceneDeserializer {
            type_registry: &world.resource::<AppTypeRegistry>().read(),
        };
        let scene = scene_deserializer.deserialize(&mut deserializer).unwrap();

        assert_eq!(
            1,
            scene.resources.len(),
            "expected `resources` to contain 1 resource"
        );
        assert_eq!(
            3,
            scene.entities.len(),
            "expected `entities` to contain 3 entities"
        );

        let mut map = EntityHashMap::default();
        let mut dst_world = create_world();
        scene.write_to_world(&mut dst_world, &mut map).unwrap();

        let my_resource = dst_world.get_resource::<MyResource>();
        assert!(my_resource.is_some());
        let my_resource = my_resource.unwrap();
        assert_eq!(my_resource.foo, 123);

        assert_eq!(3, dst_world.query::<&Foo>().iter(&dst_world).count());
        assert_eq!(2, dst_world.query::<&Bar>().iter(&dst_world).count());
        assert_eq!(1, dst_world.query::<&Baz>().iter(&dst_world).count());
    }

    fn roundtrip_ron(world: &World) -> (DynamicScene, DynamicScene) {
        let scene = DynamicScene::from_world(world);
        let registry = world.resource::<AppTypeRegistry>().read();
        let serialized = scene.serialize(&registry).unwrap();
        let mut deserializer = ron::de::Deserializer::from_str(&serialized).unwrap();
        let scene_deserializer = SceneDeserializer {
            type_registry: &registry,
        };
        let deserialized_scene = scene_deserializer.deserialize(&mut deserializer).unwrap();
        (scene, deserialized_scene)
    }

    #[test]
    fn should_roundtrip_with_later_generations_and_obsolete_references() {
        let mut world = create_world();

        world.spawn_empty().despawn();

        let a = world.spawn_empty().id();
        let foo = world.spawn(MyEntityRef(a)).insert(Foo(123)).id();
        world.despawn(a);
        world.spawn(MyEntityRef(foo)).insert(Bar(123));

        let (scene, deserialized_scene) = roundtrip_ron(&world);

        let mut map = EntityHashMap::default();
        let mut dst_world = create_world();
        deserialized_scene
            .write_to_world(&mut dst_world, &mut map)
            .unwrap();

        assert_eq!(2, deserialized_scene.entities.len());
        assert_scene_eq(&scene, &deserialized_scene);

        let bar_to_foo = dst_world
            .query_filtered::<&MyEntityRef, Without<Foo>>()
            .single(&dst_world)
            .cloned()
            .unwrap();
        let foo = dst_world
            .query_filtered::<Entity, With<Foo>>()
            .single(&dst_world)
            .unwrap();

        assert_eq!(foo, bar_to_foo.0);
        assert!(dst_world
            .query_filtered::<&MyEntityRef, With<Foo>>()
            .iter(&dst_world)
            .all(|r| world.get_entity(r.0).is_err()));
    }

    #[test]
    fn should_roundtrip_with_custom_serialization() {
        let mut world = create_world();
        let qux = Qux(42);
        world.spawn(qux);

        let (scene, deserialized_scene) = roundtrip_ron(&world);

        assert_eq!(1, deserialized_scene.entities.len());
        assert_scene_eq(&scene, &deserialized_scene);

        let mut world = create_world();
        deserialized_scene
            .write_to_world(&mut world, &mut EntityHashMap::default())
            .unwrap();
        assert_eq!(&qux, world.query::<&Qux>().single(&world).unwrap());
    }

    #[test]
    fn should_roundtrip_postcard() {
        let mut world = create_world();

        world.spawn(MyComponent {
            foo: [1, 2, 3],
            bar: (1.3, 3.7),
            baz: MyEnum::Tuple("Hello World!".to_string()),
        });

        let registry = world.resource::<AppTypeRegistry>();
        let registry = &registry.read();

        let scene = DynamicScene::from_world(&world);

        let scene_serializer = SceneSerializer::new(&scene, registry);
        let serialized_scene = postcard::to_allocvec(&scene_serializer).unwrap();

        assert_eq!(
            vec![
                0, 1, 255, 255, 255, 255, 15, 1, 37, 98, 101, 118, 121, 95, 115, 99, 101, 110, 101,
                58, 58, 115, 101, 114, 100, 101, 58, 58, 116, 101, 115, 116, 115, 58, 58, 77, 121,
                67, 111, 109, 112, 111, 110, 101, 110, 116, 1, 2, 3, 102, 102, 166, 63, 205, 204,
                108, 64, 1, 12, 72, 101, 108, 108, 111, 32, 87, 111, 114, 108, 100, 33
            ],
            serialized_scene
        );

        let scene_deserializer = SceneDeserializer {
            type_registry: registry,
        };
        let deserialized_scene = scene_deserializer
            .deserialize(&mut postcard::Deserializer::from_bytes(&serialized_scene))
            .unwrap();

        assert_eq!(1, deserialized_scene.entities.len());
        assert_scene_eq(&scene, &deserialized_scene);
    }

    #[test]
    fn should_roundtrip_messagepack() {
        let mut world = create_world();

        world.spawn(MyComponent {
            foo: [1, 2, 3],
            bar: (1.3, 3.7),
            baz: MyEnum::Tuple("Hello World!".to_string()),
        });

        let registry = world.resource::<AppTypeRegistry>();
        let registry = &registry.read();

        let scene = DynamicScene::from_world(&world);

        let scene_serializer = SceneSerializer::new(&scene, registry);
        let mut buf = Vec::new();
        let mut ser = rmp_serde::Serializer::new(&mut buf);
        scene_serializer.serialize(&mut ser).unwrap();

        assert_eq!(
            vec![
                146, 128, 129, 206, 255, 255, 255, 255, 145, 129, 217, 37, 98, 101, 118, 121, 95,
                115, 99, 101, 110, 101, 58, 58, 115, 101, 114, 100, 101, 58, 58, 116, 101, 115,
                116, 115, 58, 58, 77, 121, 67, 111, 109, 112, 111, 110, 101, 110, 116, 147, 147, 1,
                2, 3, 146, 202, 63, 166, 102, 102, 202, 64, 108, 204, 205, 129, 165, 84, 117, 112,
                108, 101, 172, 72, 101, 108, 108, 111, 32, 87, 111, 114, 108, 100, 33
            ],
            buf
        );

        let scene_deserializer = SceneDeserializer {
            type_registry: registry,
        };
        let mut reader = BufReader::new(buf.as_slice());

        let deserialized_scene = scene_deserializer
            .deserialize(&mut rmp_serde::Deserializer::new(&mut reader))
            .unwrap();

        assert_eq!(1, deserialized_scene.entities.len());
        assert_scene_eq(&scene, &deserialized_scene);
    }

    #[test]
    fn should_roundtrip_bincode() {
        let mut world = create_world();

        world.spawn(MyComponent {
            foo: [1, 2, 3],
            bar: (1.3, 3.7),
            baz: MyEnum::Tuple("Hello World!".to_string()),
        });

        let registry = world.resource::<AppTypeRegistry>();
        let registry = &registry.read();

        let scene = DynamicScene::from_world(&world);

        let config = bincode::config::standard().with_fixed_int_encoding();
        let scene_serializer = SceneSerializer::new(&scene, registry);
        let serialized_scene = bincode::serde::encode_to_vec(&scene_serializer, config).unwrap();

        assert_eq!(
            vec![
                0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 255, 255, 255, 255, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
                0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 37, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 98, 101, 118, 121, 95, 115, 99, 101,
                110, 101, 58, 58, 115, 101, 114, 100, 101, 58, 58, 116, 101, 115, 116, 115, 58, 58,
                77, 121, 67, 111, 109, 112, 111, 110, 101, 110, 116, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0,
                0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 102, 102, 166, 63, 205, 204, 108, 64, 1,
                0, 0, 0, 12, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 72, 101, 108, 108, 111, 32, 87, 111, 114, 108,
                100, 33
            ],
            serialized_scene
        );

        let scene_deserializer = SceneDeserializer {
            type_registry: registry,
        };

        let (deserialized_scene, _read_bytes) =
            bincode::serde::seed_decode_from_slice(scene_deserializer, &serialized_scene, config)
                .unwrap();

        assert_eq!(1, deserialized_scene.entities.len());
        assert_scene_eq(&scene, &deserialized_scene);
    }

    /// A crude equality checker for [`DynamicScene`], used solely for testing purposes.
    fn assert_scene_eq(expected: &DynamicScene, received: &DynamicScene) {
        assert_eq!(
            expected.entities.len(),
            received.entities.len(),
            "entity count did not match",
        );

        for expected in &expected.entities {
            let received = received
                .entities
                .iter()
                .find(|dynamic_entity| dynamic_entity.entity == expected.entity)
                .unwrap_or_else(|| panic!("missing entity (expected: `{}`)", expected.entity));

            assert_eq!(expected.entity, received.entity, "entities did not match");

            for expected in &expected.components {
                let received = received
                    .components
                    .iter()
                    .find(|component| {
                        component.get_represented_type_info().unwrap().type_path()
                            == expected.get_represented_type_info().unwrap().type_path()
                    })
                    .unwrap_or_else(|| {
                        panic!(
                            "missing component (expected: `{}`)",
                            expected.get_represented_type_info().unwrap().type_path()
                        )
                    });

                assert!(
                    expected
                        .reflect_partial_eq(received.as_ref())
                        .unwrap_or_default(),
                    "components did not match: (expected: `{expected:?}`, received: `{received:?}`)",
                );
            }
        }
    }

    /// These tests just verify that the [`assert_scene_eq`] function is working properly for our tests.
    mod assert_scene_eq_tests {
        use super::*;

        #[test]
        #[should_panic(expected = "entity count did not match")]
        fn should_panic_when_entity_count_not_eq() {
            let mut world = create_world();
            let scene_a = DynamicScene::from_world(&world);

            world.spawn(MyComponent {
                foo: [1, 2, 3],
                bar: (1.3, 3.7),
                baz: MyEnum::Unit,
            });

            let scene_b = DynamicScene::from_world(&world);

            assert_scene_eq(&scene_a, &scene_b);
        }

        #[test]
        #[should_panic(expected = "components did not match")]
        fn should_panic_when_components_not_eq() {
            let mut world = create_world();

            let entity = world
                .spawn(MyComponent {
                    foo: [1, 2, 3],
                    bar: (1.3, 3.7),
                    baz: MyEnum::Unit,
                })
                .id();

            let scene_a = DynamicScene::from_world(&world);

            world.entity_mut(entity).insert(MyComponent {
                foo: [3, 2, 1],
                bar: (1.3, 3.7),
                baz: MyEnum::Unit,
            });

            let scene_b = DynamicScene::from_world(&world);

            assert_scene_eq(&scene_a, &scene_b);
        }

        #[test]
        #[should_panic(expected = "missing component")]
        fn should_panic_when_missing_component() {
            let mut world = create_world();

            let entity = world
                .spawn(MyComponent {
                    foo: [1, 2, 3],
                    bar: (1.3, 3.7),
                    baz: MyEnum::Unit,
                })
                .id();

            let scene_a = DynamicScene::from_world(&world);

            world.entity_mut(entity).remove::<MyComponent>();

            let scene_b = DynamicScene::from_world(&world);

            assert_scene_eq(&scene_a, &scene_b);
        }
    }
}