dinput_source.cpp

// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2019-2025 Connor McLaughlin <[email protected]>
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0

#define INITGUID

#include "dinput_source.h"
#include "input_manager.h"
#include "platform_misc.h"

#include "common/assert.h"
#include "common/bitutils.h"
#include "common/error.h"
#include "common/log.h"
#include "common/string_util.h"

#include "fmt/format.h"

#include <cmath>
#include <limits>
LOG_CHANNEL(DInputSource);

using PFNDIRECTINPUT8CREATE = HRESULT(WINAPI*)(HINSTANCE hinst, DWORD dwVersion, REFIID riidltf, LPVOID* ppvOut,
                                               LPUNKNOWN punkOuter);
using PFNGETDFDIJOYSTICK = LPCDIDATAFORMAT(WINAPI*)();

DInputSource::DInputSource() = default;

DInputSource::~DInputSource()
{
  m_controllers.clear();
  m_dinput.Reset();
  if (m_dinput_module)
    FreeLibrary(m_dinput_module);
}

std::array<bool, DInputSource::NUM_HAT_DIRECTIONS> DInputSource::GetHatButtons(DWORD hat)
{
  std::array<bool, NUM_HAT_DIRECTIONS> buttons = {};

  const WORD hv = LOWORD(hat);
  if (hv != 0xFFFF)
  {
    if ((hv >= 0 && hv < 9000) || hv >= 31500)
      buttons[HAT_DIRECTION_UP] = true;
    if (hv >= 4500 && hv < 18000)
      buttons[HAT_DIRECTION_RIGHT] = true;
    if (hv >= 13500 && hv < 27000)
      buttons[HAT_DIRECTION_DOWN] = true;
    if (hv >= 22500)
      buttons[HAT_DIRECTION_LEFT] = true;
  }

  return buttons;
}

std::string DInputSource::GetDeviceIdentifier(u32 index)
{
  return fmt::format("DInput-{}", index);
}

static constexpr std::array<const char*, DInputSource::NUM_HAT_DIRECTIONS> s_hat_directions = {
  {"Up", "Down", "Left", "Right"}};

bool DInputSource::Initialize(const SettingsInterface& si, std::unique_lock<std::mutex>& settings_lock)
{
  m_dinput_module = LoadLibraryW(L"dinput8");
  if (!m_dinput_module)
  {
    ERROR_LOG("Failed to load DInput module.");
    return false;
  }

  PFNDIRECTINPUT8CREATE create = reinterpret_cast<PFNDIRECTINPUT8CREATE>(
    reinterpret_cast<void*>(GetProcAddress(m_dinput_module, "DirectInput8Create")));
  PFNGETDFDIJOYSTICK get_joystick_data_format =
    reinterpret_cast<PFNGETDFDIJOYSTICK>(reinterpret_cast<void*>(GetProcAddress(m_dinput_module, "GetdfDIJoystick")));
  if (!create || !get_joystick_data_format)
  {
    ERROR_LOG("Failed to get DInput function pointers.");
    return false;
  }

  HRESULT hr = create(GetModuleHandleA(nullptr), DIRECTINPUT_VERSION, IID_IDirectInput8W,
                      reinterpret_cast<LPVOID*>(m_dinput.GetAddressOf()), nullptr);
  m_joystick_data_format = get_joystick_data_format();
  if (FAILED(hr) || !m_joystick_data_format)
  {
    ERROR_LOG("DirectInput8Create() failed: {}", static_cast<unsigned>(hr));
    return false;
  }

  // need to release the lock while we're enumerating, because we call winId().
  settings_lock.unlock();
  const std::optional<WindowInfo> toplevel_wi(Host::GetTopLevelWindowInfo());
  settings_lock.lock();

  if (!toplevel_wi.has_value() || toplevel_wi->type != WindowInfo::Type::Win32)
  {
    ERROR_LOG("Missing top level window, cannot add DInput devices.");
    return false;
  }

  m_toplevel_window = static_cast<HWND>(toplevel_wi->window_handle);
  ReloadDevices();
  return true;
}

void DInputSource::UpdateSettings(const SettingsInterface& si, std::unique_lock<std::mutex>& settings_lock)
{
  // noop
}

static BOOL CALLBACK EnumCallback(LPCDIDEVICEINSTANCEW lpddi, LPVOID pvRef)
{
  static_cast<std::vector<DIDEVICEINSTANCEW>*>(pvRef)->push_back(*lpddi);
  return DIENUM_CONTINUE;
}

bool DInputSource::ReloadDevices()
{
  // detect any removals
  PollEvents();

  // look for new devices
  std::vector<DIDEVICEINSTANCEW> devices;
  m_dinput->EnumDevices(DI8DEVCLASS_GAMECTRL, EnumCallback, &devices, DIEDFL_ATTACHEDONLY);

  VERBOSE_LOG("Enumerated {} devices", devices.size());

  bool changed = false;
  for (DIDEVICEINSTANCEW inst : devices)
  {
    // do we already have this one?
    if (std::any_of(m_controllers.begin(), m_controllers.end(),
                    [&inst](const ControllerData& cd) { return inst.guidInstance == cd.guid; }))
    {
      // yup, so skip it
      continue;
    }

    ControllerData cd;
    cd.guid = inst.guidInstance;
    HRESULT hr = m_dinput->CreateDevice(inst.guidInstance, cd.device.GetAddressOf(), nullptr);
    if (FAILED(hr)) [[unlikely]]
    {
      WARNING_LOG("Failed to create instance of device [{}, {}]",
                  StringUtil::WideStringToUTF8String(inst.tszProductName),
                  StringUtil::WideStringToUTF8String(inst.tszInstanceName));
      continue;
    }

    const std::string name(StringUtil::WideStringToUTF8String(inst.tszProductName));
    if (AddDevice(cd, name))
    {
      const u32 index = static_cast<u32>(m_controllers.size());
      m_controllers.push_back(std::move(cd));
      InputManager::OnInputDeviceConnected(MakeGenericControllerDeviceKey(InputSourceType::DInput, index),
                                           GetDeviceIdentifier(index), name);
      changed = true;
    }
  }

  return changed;
}

void DInputSource::Shutdown()
{
  while (!m_controllers.empty())
  {
    const u32 index = static_cast<u32>(m_controllers.size() - 1);
    InputManager::OnInputDeviceDisconnected(MakeGenericControllerDeviceKey(InputSourceType::DInput, index),
                                            GetDeviceIdentifier(static_cast<u32>(m_controllers.size() - 1)));
    m_controllers.pop_back();
  }
}

bool DInputSource::AddDevice(ControllerData& cd, const std::string& name)
{
  HRESULT hr = cd.device->SetCooperativeLevel(m_toplevel_window, DISCL_BACKGROUND | DISCL_EXCLUSIVE);
  if (FAILED(hr))
  {
    hr = cd.device->SetCooperativeLevel(m_toplevel_window, DISCL_BACKGROUND | DISCL_NONEXCLUSIVE);
    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
      ERROR_LOG("Failed to set cooperative level for '{}'", name);
      return false;
    }

    WARNING_LOG("Failed to set exclusive mode for '{}'", name);
  }

  hr = cd.device->SetDataFormat(m_joystick_data_format);
  if (FAILED(hr))
  {
    ERROR_LOG("Failed to set data format for '{}'", name);
    return false;
  }

  hr = cd.device->Acquire();
  if (FAILED(hr))
  {
    ERROR_LOG("Failed to acquire device '{}'", name);
    return false;
  }

  DIDEVCAPS caps = {};
  caps.dwSize = sizeof(caps);
  hr = cd.device->GetCapabilities(&caps);
  if (FAILED(hr))
  {
    ERROR_LOG("Failed to get capabilities for '{}'", name);
    return false;
  }

  cd.num_buttons = caps.dwButtons;

  static constexpr const u32 axis_offsets[] = {OFFSETOF(DIJOYSTATE, lX),           OFFSETOF(DIJOYSTATE, lY),
                                               OFFSETOF(DIJOYSTATE, lZ),           OFFSETOF(DIJOYSTATE, lRz),
                                               OFFSETOF(DIJOYSTATE, lRx),          OFFSETOF(DIJOYSTATE, lRy),
                                               OFFSETOF(DIJOYSTATE, rglSlider[0]), OFFSETOF(DIJOYSTATE, rglSlider[1])};
  for (const u32 offset : axis_offsets)
  {
    // ask for 16 bits of axis range
    DIPROPRANGE range = {};
    range.diph.dwSize = sizeof(range);
    range.diph.dwHeaderSize = sizeof(range.diph);
    range.diph.dwHow = DIPH_BYOFFSET;
    range.diph.dwObj = static_cast<DWORD>(offset);
    range.lMin = std::numeric_limits<s16>::min();
    range.lMax = std::numeric_limits<s16>::max();
    cd.device->SetProperty(DIPROP_RANGE, &range.diph);

    // did it apply?
    if (SUCCEEDED(cd.device->GetProperty(DIPROP_RANGE, &range.diph)))
      cd.axis_offsets.push_back(offset);
  }

  cd.num_buttons = std::min(static_cast<u32>(caps.dwButtons), static_cast<u32>(std::size(cd.last_state.rgbButtons)));
  cd.num_hats = std::min(static_cast<u32>(caps.dwPOVs), static_cast<u32>(std::size(cd.last_state.rgdwPOV)));

  hr = cd.device->Poll();
  if (hr == DI_NOEFFECT)
    cd.needs_poll = false;
  else if (hr != DI_OK)
    WARNING_LOG("Polling device '{}' failed: {:08X}", name, static_cast<unsigned>(hr));

  hr = cd.device->GetDeviceState(sizeof(cd.last_state), &cd.last_state);
  if (hr != DI_OK)
    WARNING_LOG("GetDeviceState() for '{}' failed: {:08X}", name, static_cast<unsigned>(hr));

  INFO_LOG("{} has {} buttons, {} axes, {} hats", name, cd.num_buttons, static_cast<u32>(cd.axis_offsets.size()),
           cd.num_hats);

  return (cd.num_buttons > 0 || !cd.axis_offsets.empty() || cd.num_hats > 0);
}

void DInputSource::PollEvents()
{
  for (size_t i = 0; i < m_controllers.size();)
  {
    ControllerData& cd = m_controllers[i];
    if (cd.needs_poll)
      cd.device->Poll();

    DIJOYSTATE js;
    HRESULT hr = cd.device->GetDeviceState(sizeof(js), &js);
    if (hr == DIERR_INPUTLOST || hr == DIERR_NOTACQUIRED)
    {
      hr = cd.device->Acquire();
      if (hr == DI_OK)
        hr = cd.device->GetDeviceState(sizeof(js), &js);

      if (hr != DI_OK)
      {
        InputManager::OnInputDeviceDisconnected(InputBindingKey{{.source_type = InputSourceType::DInput,
                                                                 .source_index = static_cast<u32>(i),
                                                                 .source_subtype = InputSubclass::None,
                                                                 .modifier = InputModifier::None,
                                                                 .invert = 0,
                                                                 .data = 0}},
                                                GetDeviceIdentifier(static_cast<u32>(i)));
        m_controllers.erase(m_controllers.begin() + i);
        continue;
      }
    }
    else if (hr != DI_OK)
    {
      WARNING_LOG("GetDeviceState() failed: {:08X}", static_cast<unsigned>(hr));
      i++;
      continue;
    }

    CheckForStateChanges(i, js);
    i++;
  }
}

InputManager::DeviceList DInputSource::EnumerateDevices()
{
  InputManager::DeviceList ret;
  for (size_t i = 0; i < m_controllers.size(); i++)
  {
    DIDEVICEINSTANCEW dii;
    dii.dwSize = sizeof(DIDEVICEINSTANCEW);
    std::string name;
    if (SUCCEEDED(m_controllers[i].device->GetDeviceInfo(&dii)))
      name = StringUtil::WideStringToUTF8String(dii.tszProductName);

    if (name.empty())
      name = "Unknown";

    ret.emplace_back(MakeGenericControllerDeviceKey(InputSourceType::DInput, static_cast<u32>(i)),
                     GetDeviceIdentifier(static_cast<u32>(i)), std::move(name));
  }

  return ret;
}

InputManager::VibrationMotorList DInputSource::EnumerateVibrationMotors(std::optional<InputBindingKey> for_device)
{
  return {};
}

bool DInputSource::GetGenericBindingMapping(std::string_view device, GenericInputBindingMapping* mapping)
{
  return {};
}

void DInputSource::UpdateMotorState(InputBindingKey key, float intensity)
{
  // not supported
}

void DInputSource::UpdateMotorState(InputBindingKey large_key, InputBindingKey small_key, float large_intensity,
                                    float small_intensity)
{
  // not supported
}

bool DInputSource::ContainsDevice(std::string_view device) const
{
  return device.starts_with("DInput-");
}

std::optional<InputBindingKey> DInputSource::ParseKeyString(std::string_view device, std::string_view binding)
{
  if (!device.starts_with("DInput-") || binding.empty())
    return std::nullopt;

  const std::optional<s32> player_id = StringUtil::FromChars<s32>(device.substr(7));
  if (!player_id.has_value() || player_id.value() < 0)
    return std::nullopt;

  InputBindingKey key = {};
  key.source_type = InputSourceType::DInput;
  key.source_index = static_cast<u32>(player_id.value());

  if (binding.starts_with("+Axis") || binding.starts_with("-Axis"))
  {
    std::string_view end;
    const std::optional<u32> axis_index = StringUtil::FromChars<u32>(binding.substr(5), 10, &end);
    if (!axis_index.has_value())
      return std::nullopt;

    key.source_subtype = InputSubclass::ControllerAxis;
    key.data = axis_index.value();
    key.modifier = (binding[0] == '-') ? InputModifier::Negate : InputModifier::None;
    key.invert = (end == "~");
    return key;
  }
  else if (binding.starts_with("FullAxis"))
  {
    std::string_view end;
    const std::optional<u32> axis_index = StringUtil::FromChars<u32>(binding.substr(8), 10, &end);
    if (!axis_index.has_value())
      return std::nullopt;

    key.source_subtype = InputSubclass::ControllerAxis;
    key.data = axis_index.value();
    key.modifier = InputModifier::FullAxis;
    key.invert = (end == "~");
    return key;
  }
  else if (binding.starts_with("Hat"))
  {
    if (binding[3] < '0' || binding[3] > '9' || binding.length() < 5)
      return std::nullopt;

    const u32 hat_index = binding[3] - '0';
    const std::string_view hat_dir(binding.substr(4));
    for (u32 i = 0; i < NUM_HAT_DIRECTIONS; i++)
    {
      if (hat_dir == s_hat_directions[i])
      {
        key.source_subtype = InputSubclass::ControllerButton;
        key.data = MAX_NUM_BUTTONS + hat_index * NUM_HAT_DIRECTIONS + i;
        return key;
      }
    }

    // bad direction
    return std::nullopt;
  }
  else if (binding.starts_with("Button"))
  {
    const std::optional<u32> button_index = StringUtil::FromChars<u32>(binding.substr(6));
    if (!button_index.has_value())
      return std::nullopt;

    key.source_subtype = InputSubclass::ControllerButton;
    key.data = button_index.value();
    return key;
  }

  // unknown axis/button
  return std::nullopt;
}

TinyString DInputSource::ConvertKeyToString(InputBindingKey key)
{
  TinyString ret;

  if (key.source_type == InputSourceType::DInput)
  {
    if (key.source_subtype == InputSubclass::ControllerAxis)
    {
      const char* modifier =
        (key.modifier == InputModifier::FullAxis ? "Full" : (key.modifier == InputModifier::Negate ? "-" : "+"));
      ret.format("DInput-{}/{}Axis{}{}", u32(key.source_index), modifier, u32(key.data), key.invert ? "~" : "");
    }
    else if (key.source_subtype == InputSubclass::ControllerButton && key.data >= MAX_NUM_BUTTONS)
    {
      const u32 hat_num = (key.data - MAX_NUM_BUTTONS) / NUM_HAT_DIRECTIONS;
      const u32 hat_dir = (key.data - MAX_NUM_BUTTONS) % NUM_HAT_DIRECTIONS;
      ret.format("DInput-{}/Hat{}{}", u32(key.source_index), hat_num, s_hat_directions[hat_dir]);
    }
    else if (key.source_subtype == InputSubclass::ControllerButton)
    {
      ret.format("DInput-{}/Button{}", u32(key.source_index), u32(key.data));
    }
  }

  return ret;
}

TinyString DInputSource::ConvertKeyToIcon(InputBindingKey key, InputManager::BindingIconMappingFunction mapper)
{
  return {};
}

std::unique_ptr<ForceFeedbackDevice> DInputSource::CreateForceFeedbackDevice(std::string_view device, Error* error)
{
  Error::SetStringView(error, "Not supported on this input source.");
  return {};
}

void DInputSource::CheckForStateChanges(size_t index, const DIJOYSTATE& new_state)
{
  ControllerData& cd = m_controllers[index];
  DIJOYSTATE& last_state = cd.last_state;

  for (size_t i = 0; i < cd.axis_offsets.size(); i++)
  {
    LONG new_value;
    LONG old_value;
    std::memcpy(&old_value, reinterpret_cast<const u8*>(&cd.last_state) + cd.axis_offsets[i], sizeof(old_value));
    std::memcpy(&new_value, reinterpret_cast<const u8*>(&new_state) + cd.axis_offsets[i], sizeof(new_value));
    if (old_value != new_value)
    {
      std::memcpy(reinterpret_cast<u8*>(&cd.last_state) + cd.axis_offsets[i], &new_value, sizeof(new_value));

      // TODO: Use the range from caps?
      const float value = static_cast<float>(new_value) / (new_value < 0 ? 32768.0f : 32767.0f);
      InputManager::InvokeEvents(
        MakeGenericControllerAxisKey(InputSourceType::DInput, static_cast<u32>(index), static_cast<u32>(i)), value,
        GenericInputBinding::Unknown);
    }
  }

  for (u32 i = 0; i < cd.num_buttons; i++)
  {
    if (last_state.rgbButtons[i] != new_state.rgbButtons[i])
    {
      last_state.rgbButtons[i] = new_state.rgbButtons[i];

      const float value = (new_state.rgbButtons[i] != 0) ? 1.0f : 0.0f;
      InputManager::InvokeEvents(MakeGenericControllerButtonKey(InputSourceType::DInput, static_cast<u32>(index), i),
                                 value, GenericInputBinding::Unknown);
    }
  }

  for (u32 i = 0; i < cd.num_hats; i++)
  {
    if (last_state.rgdwPOV[i] != new_state.rgdwPOV[i])
    {
      // map hats to the last buttons
      const std::array<bool, NUM_HAT_DIRECTIONS> old_buttons(GetHatButtons(last_state.rgdwPOV[i]));
      const std::array<bool, NUM_HAT_DIRECTIONS> new_buttons(GetHatButtons(new_state.rgdwPOV[i]));
      last_state.rgdwPOV[i] = new_state.rgdwPOV[i];

      for (u32 j = 0; j < NUM_HAT_DIRECTIONS; j++)
      {
        if (old_buttons[j] != new_buttons[j])
        {
          const float value = (new_buttons[j] ? 1.0f : 0.0f);
          InputManager::InvokeEvents(MakeGenericControllerButtonKey(InputSourceType::DInput, static_cast<u32>(index),
                                                                    cd.num_buttons + (i * NUM_HAT_DIRECTIONS) + j),
                                     value, GenericInputBinding::Unknown);
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

std::optional<float> DInputSource::GetCurrentValue(InputBindingKey key)
{
  std::optional<float> ret;

  if (key.source_type != InputSourceType::DInput)
    return ret;

  if (key.source_index >= m_controllers.size())
    return ret;

  const ControllerData& cd = m_controllers[key.source_index];
  if (key.source_subtype == InputSubclass::ControllerAxis && key.data < cd.axis_offsets.size())
  {
    LONG value;
    std::memcpy(&value, reinterpret_cast<const u8*>(&cd.last_state) + cd.axis_offsets[key.data], sizeof(value));
    ret = static_cast<float>(value) / (value < 0 ? 32768.0f : 32767.0f);
  }
  else if (key.source_subtype == InputSubclass::ControllerButton)
  {
    if (key.data < cd.num_buttons)
    {
      ret = BoolToFloat(cd.last_state.rgbButtons[key.data]);
    }
    else
    {
      // might be a hat
      const u32 hat_index = (key.data - cd.num_buttons) / NUM_HAT_DIRECTIONS;
      const u32 hat_direction = (key.data - cd.num_buttons) % NUM_HAT_DIRECTIONS;
      if (hat_index < cd.num_hats)
      {
        const std::array<bool, NUM_HAT_DIRECTIONS> buttons(GetHatButtons(cd.last_state.rgdwPOV[hat_index]));
        ret = BoolToFloat(buttons[hat_direction]);
      }
    }
  }

  return ret;
}

std::unique_ptr<InputSource> InputSource::CreateDInputSource()
{
  return std::make_unique<DInputSource>();
}