vmem.c

// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#define boot_fmt(fmt) "vmem: " fmt
#include <linux/cpufeature.h>
#include <linux/sched/task.h>
#include <linux/pgtable.h>
#include <linux/kasan.h>
#include <asm/page-states.h>
#include <asm/pgalloc.h>
#include <asm/facility.h>
#include <asm/sections.h>
#include <asm/ctlreg.h>
#include <asm/physmem_info.h>
#include <asm/maccess.h>
#include <asm/machine.h>
#include <asm/abs_lowcore.h>
#include "decompressor.h"
#include "boot.h"

#define INVALID_PHYS_ADDR (~(phys_addr_t)0)
struct ctlreg __bootdata_preserved(s390_invalid_asce);

#ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS
atomic_long_t __bootdata_preserved(direct_pages_count[PG_DIRECT_MAP_MAX]);
#endif

#define init_mm			(*(struct mm_struct *)vmlinux.init_mm_off)
#define swapper_pg_dir		vmlinux.swapper_pg_dir_off
#define invalid_pg_dir		vmlinux.invalid_pg_dir_off

enum populate_mode {
	POPULATE_NONE,
	POPULATE_DIRECT,
	POPULATE_LOWCORE,
	POPULATE_ABS_LOWCORE,
	POPULATE_IDENTITY,
	POPULATE_KERNEL,
#ifdef CONFIG_KASAN
	/* KASAN modes should be last and grouped together, see is_kasan_populate_mode() */
	POPULATE_KASAN_MAP_SHADOW,
	POPULATE_KASAN_ZERO_SHADOW,
	POPULATE_KASAN_SHALLOW
#endif
};

#define POPULATE_MODE_NAME(t) case POPULATE_ ## t: return #t
static inline const char *get_populate_mode_name(enum populate_mode t)
{
	switch (t) {
	POPULATE_MODE_NAME(NONE);
	POPULATE_MODE_NAME(DIRECT);
	POPULATE_MODE_NAME(LOWCORE);
	POPULATE_MODE_NAME(ABS_LOWCORE);
	POPULATE_MODE_NAME(IDENTITY);
	POPULATE_MODE_NAME(KERNEL);
#ifdef CONFIG_KASAN
	POPULATE_MODE_NAME(KASAN_MAP_SHADOW);
	POPULATE_MODE_NAME(KASAN_ZERO_SHADOW);
	POPULATE_MODE_NAME(KASAN_SHALLOW);
#endif
	default:
		return "UNKNOWN";
	}
}

static bool is_kasan_populate_mode(enum populate_mode mode)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_KASAN
	return mode >= POPULATE_KASAN_MAP_SHADOW;
#else
	return false;
#endif
}

static void pgtable_populate(unsigned long addr, unsigned long end, enum populate_mode mode);

#ifdef CONFIG_KASAN

#define kasan_early_shadow_page	vmlinux.kasan_early_shadow_page_off
#define kasan_early_shadow_pte	((pte_t *)vmlinux.kasan_early_shadow_pte_off)
#define kasan_early_shadow_pmd	((pmd_t *)vmlinux.kasan_early_shadow_pmd_off)
#define kasan_early_shadow_pud	((pud_t *)vmlinux.kasan_early_shadow_pud_off)
#define kasan_early_shadow_p4d	((p4d_t *)vmlinux.kasan_early_shadow_p4d_off)
#define __sha(x)		((unsigned long)kasan_mem_to_shadow((void *)x))

static pte_t pte_z;

static inline void kasan_populate(unsigned long start, unsigned long end, enum populate_mode mode)
{
	unsigned long sha_start = PAGE_ALIGN_DOWN(__sha(start));
	unsigned long sha_end = PAGE_ALIGN(__sha(end));

	boot_debug("%-17s 0x%016lx-0x%016lx >> 0x%016lx-0x%016lx\n", get_populate_mode_name(mode),
		   start, end, sha_start, sha_end);
	pgtable_populate(sha_start, sha_end, mode);
}

static void kasan_populate_shadow(unsigned long kernel_start, unsigned long kernel_end)
{
	pmd_t pmd_z = __pmd(__pa(kasan_early_shadow_pte) | _SEGMENT_ENTRY);
	pud_t pud_z = __pud(__pa(kasan_early_shadow_pmd) | _REGION3_ENTRY);
	p4d_t p4d_z = __p4d(__pa(kasan_early_shadow_pud) | _REGION2_ENTRY);
	unsigned long memgap_start = 0;
	unsigned long start, end;
	int i;

	pte_z = __pte(__pa(kasan_early_shadow_page) | pgprot_val(PAGE_KERNEL_RO));
	crst_table_init((unsigned long *)kasan_early_shadow_p4d, p4d_val(p4d_z));
	crst_table_init((unsigned long *)kasan_early_shadow_pud, pud_val(pud_z));
	crst_table_init((unsigned long *)kasan_early_shadow_pmd, pmd_val(pmd_z));
	memset64((u64 *)kasan_early_shadow_pte, pte_val(pte_z), PTRS_PER_PTE);
	__arch_set_page_dat(kasan_early_shadow_p4d, 1UL << CRST_ALLOC_ORDER);
	__arch_set_page_dat(kasan_early_shadow_pud, 1UL << CRST_ALLOC_ORDER);
	__arch_set_page_dat(kasan_early_shadow_pmd, 1UL << CRST_ALLOC_ORDER);
	__arch_set_page_dat(kasan_early_shadow_pte, 1);

	for_each_physmem_usable_range(i, &start, &end) {
		kasan_populate((unsigned long)__identity_va(start),
			       (unsigned long)__identity_va(end),
			       POPULATE_KASAN_MAP_SHADOW);
		if (memgap_start && physmem_info.info_source == MEM_DETECT_DIAG260) {
			kasan_populate((unsigned long)__identity_va(memgap_start),
				       (unsigned long)__identity_va(start),
				       POPULATE_KASAN_ZERO_SHADOW);
		}
		memgap_start = end;
	}
	kasan_populate(kernel_start + TEXT_OFFSET, kernel_end, POPULATE_KASAN_MAP_SHADOW);
	kasan_populate(0, (unsigned long)__identity_va(0), POPULATE_KASAN_ZERO_SHADOW);
	kasan_populate(AMODE31_START, AMODE31_END, POPULATE_KASAN_ZERO_SHADOW);
	/* shallowly populate kasan shadow for vmalloc and modules */
	kasan_populate(VMALLOC_START, MODULES_END, POPULATE_KASAN_SHALLOW);
	/* populate kasan shadow for untracked memory */
	kasan_populate((unsigned long)__identity_va(ident_map_size), VMALLOC_START,
		       POPULATE_KASAN_ZERO_SHADOW);
	kasan_populate(kernel_end, _REGION1_SIZE, POPULATE_KASAN_ZERO_SHADOW);
}

static bool kasan_pgd_populate_zero_shadow(pgd_t *pgd, unsigned long addr,
					   unsigned long end, enum populate_mode mode)
{
	if (mode == POPULATE_KASAN_ZERO_SHADOW &&
	    IS_ALIGNED(addr, PGDIR_SIZE) && end - addr >= PGDIR_SIZE) {
		pgd_populate(&init_mm, pgd, kasan_early_shadow_p4d);
		return true;
	}
	return false;
}

static bool kasan_p4d_populate_zero_shadow(p4d_t *p4d, unsigned long addr,
					   unsigned long end, enum populate_mode mode)
{
	if (mode == POPULATE_KASAN_ZERO_SHADOW &&
	    IS_ALIGNED(addr, P4D_SIZE) && end - addr >= P4D_SIZE) {
		p4d_populate(&init_mm, p4d, kasan_early_shadow_pud);
		return true;
	}
	return false;
}

static bool kasan_pud_populate_zero_shadow(pud_t *pud, unsigned long addr,
					   unsigned long end, enum populate_mode mode)
{
	if (mode == POPULATE_KASAN_ZERO_SHADOW &&
	    IS_ALIGNED(addr, PUD_SIZE) && end - addr >= PUD_SIZE) {
		pud_populate(&init_mm, pud, kasan_early_shadow_pmd);
		return true;
	}
	return false;
}

static bool kasan_pmd_populate_zero_shadow(pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long addr,
					   unsigned long end, enum populate_mode mode)
{
	if (mode == POPULATE_KASAN_ZERO_SHADOW &&
	    IS_ALIGNED(addr, PMD_SIZE) && end - addr >= PMD_SIZE) {
		pmd_populate(&init_mm, pmd, kasan_early_shadow_pte);
		return true;
	}
	return false;
}

static bool kasan_pte_populate_zero_shadow(pte_t *pte, enum populate_mode mode)
{
	if (mode == POPULATE_KASAN_ZERO_SHADOW) {
		set_pte(pte, pte_z);
		return true;
	}
	return false;
}
#else

static inline void kasan_populate_shadow(unsigned long kernel_start, unsigned long kernel_end)
{
}

static inline bool kasan_pgd_populate_zero_shadow(pgd_t *pgd, unsigned long addr,
						  unsigned long end, enum populate_mode mode)
{
	return false;
}

static inline bool kasan_p4d_populate_zero_shadow(p4d_t *p4d, unsigned long addr,
						  unsigned long end, enum populate_mode mode)
{
	return false;
}

static inline bool kasan_pud_populate_zero_shadow(pud_t *pud, unsigned long addr,
						  unsigned long end, enum populate_mode mode)
{
	return false;
}

static inline bool kasan_pmd_populate_zero_shadow(pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long addr,
						  unsigned long end, enum populate_mode mode)
{
	return false;
}

static bool kasan_pte_populate_zero_shadow(pte_t *pte, enum populate_mode mode)
{
	return false;
}

#endif

/*
 * Mimic virt_to_kpte() in lack of init_mm symbol. Skip pmd NULL check though.
 */
static inline pte_t *__virt_to_kpte(unsigned long va)
{
	return pte_offset_kernel(pmd_offset(pud_offset(p4d_offset(pgd_offset_k(va), va), va), va), va);
}

static void *boot_crst_alloc(unsigned long val)
{
	unsigned long size = PAGE_SIZE << CRST_ALLOC_ORDER;
	unsigned long *table;

	table = (unsigned long *)physmem_alloc_or_die(RR_VMEM, size, size);
	crst_table_init(table, val);
	__arch_set_page_dat(table, 1UL << CRST_ALLOC_ORDER);
	return table;
}

static pte_t *boot_pte_alloc(void)
{
	static void *pte_leftover;
	pte_t *pte;

	/*
	 * handling pte_leftovers this way helps to avoid memory fragmentation
	 * during POPULATE_KASAN_MAP_SHADOW when EDAT is off
	 */
	if (!pte_leftover) {
		pte_leftover = (void *)physmem_alloc_or_die(RR_VMEM, PAGE_SIZE, PAGE_SIZE);
		pte = pte_leftover + _PAGE_TABLE_SIZE;
		__arch_set_page_dat(pte, 1);
	} else {
		pte = pte_leftover;
		pte_leftover = NULL;
	}

	memset64((u64 *)pte, _PAGE_INVALID, PTRS_PER_PTE);
	return pte;
}

static unsigned long resolve_pa_may_alloc(unsigned long addr, unsigned long size,
					  enum populate_mode mode)
{
	switch (mode) {
	case POPULATE_NONE:
		return INVALID_PHYS_ADDR;
	case POPULATE_DIRECT:
		return addr;
	case POPULATE_LOWCORE:
		return __lowcore_pa(addr);
	case POPULATE_ABS_LOWCORE:
		return __abs_lowcore_pa(addr);
	case POPULATE_KERNEL:
		return __kernel_pa(addr);
	case POPULATE_IDENTITY:
		return __identity_pa(addr);
#ifdef CONFIG_KASAN
	case POPULATE_KASAN_MAP_SHADOW:
		/* Allow to fail large page allocations, this will fall back to 1mb/4k pages */
		addr = physmem_alloc(RR_VMEM, size, size, size == PAGE_SIZE);
		if (addr) {
			memset((void *)addr, 0, size);
			return addr;
		}
		return INVALID_PHYS_ADDR;
#endif
	default:
		return INVALID_PHYS_ADDR;
	}
}

static bool large_page_mapping_allowed(enum populate_mode mode)
{
	switch (mode) {
	case POPULATE_DIRECT:
	case POPULATE_IDENTITY:
	case POPULATE_KERNEL:
#ifdef CONFIG_KASAN
	case POPULATE_KASAN_MAP_SHADOW:
#endif
		return true;
	default:
		return false;
	}
}

static unsigned long try_get_large_pud_pa(pud_t *pu_dir, unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
					  enum populate_mode mode)
{
	unsigned long pa, size = end - addr;

	if (!cpu_has_edat2() || !large_page_mapping_allowed(mode) ||
	    !IS_ALIGNED(addr, PUD_SIZE) || (size < PUD_SIZE))
		return INVALID_PHYS_ADDR;

	pa = resolve_pa_may_alloc(addr, size, mode);
	if (!IS_ALIGNED(pa, PUD_SIZE))
		return INVALID_PHYS_ADDR;

	return pa;
}

static unsigned long try_get_large_pmd_pa(pmd_t *pm_dir, unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
					  enum populate_mode mode)
{
	unsigned long pa, size = end - addr;

	if (!cpu_has_edat1() || !large_page_mapping_allowed(mode) ||
	    !IS_ALIGNED(addr, PMD_SIZE) || (size < PMD_SIZE))
		return INVALID_PHYS_ADDR;

	pa = resolve_pa_may_alloc(addr, size, mode);
	if (!IS_ALIGNED(pa, PMD_SIZE))
		return INVALID_PHYS_ADDR;

	return pa;
}

static void pgtable_pte_populate(pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
				 enum populate_mode mode)
{
	unsigned long pages = 0;
	pte_t *pte, entry;

	pte = pte_offset_kernel(pmd, addr);
	for (; addr < end; addr += PAGE_SIZE, pte++) {
		if (pte_none(*pte)) {
			if (kasan_pte_populate_zero_shadow(pte, mode))
				continue;
			entry = __pte(resolve_pa_may_alloc(addr, PAGE_SIZE, mode));
			entry = set_pte_bit(entry, PAGE_KERNEL);
			set_pte(pte, entry);
			pages++;
		}
	}
	if (mode == POPULATE_IDENTITY)
		update_page_count(PG_DIRECT_MAP_4K, pages);
}

static void pgtable_pmd_populate(pud_t *pud, unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
				 enum populate_mode mode)
{
	unsigned long pa, next, pages = 0;
	pmd_t *pmd, entry;
	pte_t *pte;

	pmd = pmd_offset(pud, addr);
	for (; addr < end; addr = next, pmd++) {
		next = pmd_addr_end(addr, end);
		if (pmd_none(*pmd)) {
			if (kasan_pmd_populate_zero_shadow(pmd, addr, next, mode))
				continue;
			pa = try_get_large_pmd_pa(pmd, addr, next, mode);
			if (pa != INVALID_PHYS_ADDR) {
				entry = __pmd(pa);
				entry = set_pmd_bit(entry, SEGMENT_KERNEL);
				set_pmd(pmd, entry);
				pages++;
				continue;
			}
			pte = boot_pte_alloc();
			pmd_populate(&init_mm, pmd, pte);
		} else if (pmd_leaf(*pmd)) {
			continue;
		}
		pgtable_pte_populate(pmd, addr, next, mode);
	}
	if (mode == POPULATE_IDENTITY)
		update_page_count(PG_DIRECT_MAP_1M, pages);
}

static void pgtable_pud_populate(p4d_t *p4d, unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
				 enum populate_mode mode)
{
	unsigned long pa, next, pages = 0;
	pud_t *pud, entry;
	pmd_t *pmd;

	pud = pud_offset(p4d, addr);
	for (; addr < end; addr = next, pud++) {
		next = pud_addr_end(addr, end);
		if (pud_none(*pud)) {
			if (kasan_pud_populate_zero_shadow(pud, addr, next, mode))
				continue;
			pa = try_get_large_pud_pa(pud, addr, next, mode);
			if (pa != INVALID_PHYS_ADDR) {
				entry = __pud(pa);
				entry = set_pud_bit(entry, REGION3_KERNEL);
				set_pud(pud, entry);
				pages++;
				continue;
			}
			pmd = boot_crst_alloc(_SEGMENT_ENTRY_EMPTY);
			pud_populate(&init_mm, pud, pmd);
		} else if (pud_leaf(*pud)) {
			continue;
		}
		pgtable_pmd_populate(pud, addr, next, mode);
	}
	if (mode == POPULATE_IDENTITY)
		update_page_count(PG_DIRECT_MAP_2G, pages);
}

static void pgtable_p4d_populate(pgd_t *pgd, unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
				 enum populate_mode mode)
{
	unsigned long next;
	p4d_t *p4d;
	pud_t *pud;

	p4d = p4d_offset(pgd, addr);
	for (; addr < end; addr = next, p4d++) {
		next = p4d_addr_end(addr, end);
		if (p4d_none(*p4d)) {
			if (kasan_p4d_populate_zero_shadow(p4d, addr, next, mode))
				continue;
			pud = boot_crst_alloc(_REGION3_ENTRY_EMPTY);
			p4d_populate(&init_mm, p4d, pud);
		}
		pgtable_pud_populate(p4d, addr, next, mode);
	}
}

static void pgtable_populate(unsigned long addr, unsigned long end, enum populate_mode mode)
{
	unsigned long next;
	pgd_t *pgd;
	p4d_t *p4d;

	if (!is_kasan_populate_mode(mode)) {
		boot_debug("%-17s 0x%016lx-0x%016lx -> 0x%016lx-0x%016lx\n",
			   get_populate_mode_name(mode), addr, end,
			   resolve_pa_may_alloc(addr, 0, mode),
			   resolve_pa_may_alloc(end - 1, 0, mode) + 1);
	}

	pgd = pgd_offset(&init_mm, addr);
	for (; addr < end; addr = next, pgd++) {
		next = pgd_addr_end(addr, end);
		if (pgd_none(*pgd)) {
			if (kasan_pgd_populate_zero_shadow(pgd, addr, next, mode))
				continue;
			p4d = boot_crst_alloc(_REGION2_ENTRY_EMPTY);
			pgd_populate(&init_mm, pgd, p4d);
		}
#ifdef CONFIG_KASAN
		if (mode == POPULATE_KASAN_SHALLOW)
			continue;
#endif
		pgtable_p4d_populate(pgd, addr, next, mode);
	}
}

void setup_vmem(unsigned long kernel_start, unsigned long kernel_end, unsigned long asce_limit)
{
	unsigned long lowcore_address = 0;
	unsigned long start, end;
	unsigned long asce_type;
	unsigned long asce_bits;
	pgd_t *init_mm_pgd;
	int i;

	/*
	 * Mark whole memory as no-dat. This must be done before any
	 * page tables are allocated, or kernel image builtin pages
	 * are marked as dat tables.
	 */
	for_each_physmem_online_range(i, &start, &end)
		__arch_set_page_nodat((void *)start, (end - start) >> PAGE_SHIFT);

	/*
	 * init_mm->pgd contains virtual address of swapper_pg_dir.
	 * It is unusable at this stage since DAT is yet off. Swap
	 * it for physical address of swapper_pg_dir and restore
	 * the virtual address after all page tables are created.
	 */
	init_mm_pgd = init_mm.pgd;
	init_mm.pgd = (pgd_t *)swapper_pg_dir;

	if (asce_limit == _REGION1_SIZE) {
		asce_type = _REGION2_ENTRY_EMPTY;
		asce_bits = _ASCE_TYPE_REGION2 | _ASCE_TABLE_LENGTH;
	} else {
		asce_type = _REGION3_ENTRY_EMPTY;
		asce_bits = _ASCE_TYPE_REGION3 | _ASCE_TABLE_LENGTH;
	}
	s390_invalid_asce.val = invalid_pg_dir | _ASCE_TYPE_REGION3 | _ASCE_TABLE_LENGTH;

	crst_table_init((unsigned long *)swapper_pg_dir, asce_type);
	crst_table_init((unsigned long *)invalid_pg_dir, _REGION3_ENTRY_EMPTY);
	__arch_set_page_dat((void *)swapper_pg_dir, 1UL << CRST_ALLOC_ORDER);
	__arch_set_page_dat((void *)invalid_pg_dir, 1UL << CRST_ALLOC_ORDER);

	if (machine_has_relocated_lowcore())
		lowcore_address = LOWCORE_ALT_ADDRESS;

	/*
	 * To allow prefixing the lowcore must be mapped with 4KB pages.
	 * To prevent creation of a large page at address 0 first map
	 * the lowcore and create the identity mapping only afterwards.
	 */
	pgtable_populate(lowcore_address,
			 lowcore_address + sizeof(struct lowcore),
			 POPULATE_LOWCORE);
	for_each_physmem_usable_range(i, &start, &end) {
		/* Do not map lowcore with identity mapping */
		if (!start)
			start = sizeof(struct lowcore);
		pgtable_populate((unsigned long)__identity_va(start),
				 (unsigned long)__identity_va(end),
				 POPULATE_IDENTITY);
	}

	/*
	 * [kernel_start..kernel_start + TEXT_OFFSET] region is never
	 * accessed as per the linker script:
	 *
	 *	. = TEXT_OFFSET;
	 *
	 * Therefore, skip mapping TEXT_OFFSET bytes to prevent access to
	 * [__kaslr_offset_phys..__kaslr_offset_phys + TEXT_OFFSET] region.
	 */
	pgtable_populate(kernel_start + TEXT_OFFSET, kernel_end, POPULATE_KERNEL);
	pgtable_populate(AMODE31_START, AMODE31_END, POPULATE_DIRECT);
	pgtable_populate(__abs_lowcore, __abs_lowcore + sizeof(struct lowcore),
			 POPULATE_ABS_LOWCORE);
	pgtable_populate(__memcpy_real_area, __memcpy_real_area + PAGE_SIZE,
			 POPULATE_NONE);
	memcpy_real_ptep = __identity_va(__virt_to_kpte(__memcpy_real_area));

	kasan_populate_shadow(kernel_start, kernel_end);

	get_lowcore()->kernel_asce.val = swapper_pg_dir | asce_bits;
	get_lowcore()->user_asce = s390_invalid_asce;

	local_ctl_load(1, &get_lowcore()->kernel_asce);
	local_ctl_load(7, &get_lowcore()->user_asce);
	local_ctl_load(13, &get_lowcore()->kernel_asce);

	init_mm.context.asce = get_lowcore()->kernel_asce.val;
	init_mm.pgd = init_mm_pgd;
}