quirks.c

// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
/*
 */

#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/usb.h>
#include <linux/usb/audio.h>
#include <linux/usb/midi.h>
#include <linux/bits.h>

#include <sound/control.h>
#include <sound/core.h>
#include <sound/info.h>
#include <sound/pcm.h>

#include "usbaudio.h"
#include "card.h"
#include "mixer.h"
#include "mixer_quirks.h"
#include "midi.h"
#include "midi2.h"
#include "quirks.h"
#include "helper.h"
#include "endpoint.h"
#include "pcm.h"
#include "clock.h"
#include "stream.h"

/*
 * handle the quirks for the contained interfaces
 */
static int create_composite_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
				  struct usb_interface *iface,
				  struct usb_driver *driver,
				  const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk_comp)
{
	int probed_ifnum = get_iface_desc(iface->altsetting)->bInterfaceNumber;
	const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk;
	int err;

	for (quirk = quirk_comp->data; quirk->ifnum >= 0; ++quirk) {
		iface = usb_ifnum_to_if(chip->dev, quirk->ifnum);
		if (!iface)
			continue;
		if (quirk->ifnum != probed_ifnum &&
		    usb_interface_claimed(iface))
			continue;
		err = snd_usb_create_quirk(chip, iface, driver, quirk);
		if (err < 0)
			return err;
	}

	for (quirk = quirk_comp->data; quirk->ifnum >= 0; ++quirk) {
		iface = usb_ifnum_to_if(chip->dev, quirk->ifnum);
		if (!iface)
			continue;
		if (quirk->ifnum != probed_ifnum &&
		    !usb_interface_claimed(iface)) {
			err = usb_driver_claim_interface(driver, iface,
							 USB_AUDIO_IFACE_UNUSED);
			if (err < 0)
				return err;
		}
	}

	return 0;
}

static int ignore_interface_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
				  struct usb_interface *iface,
				  struct usb_driver *driver,
				  const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk)
{
	return 0;
}


static int create_any_midi_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
				 struct usb_interface *intf,
				 struct usb_driver *driver,
				 const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk)
{
	return snd_usb_midi_v2_create(chip, intf, quirk, 0);
}

/*
 * create a stream for an interface with proper descriptors
 */
static int create_standard_audio_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
				       struct usb_interface *iface,
				       struct usb_driver *driver,
				       const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk)
{
	struct usb_host_interface *alts;
	struct usb_interface_descriptor *altsd;
	int err;

	alts = &iface->altsetting[0];
	altsd = get_iface_desc(alts);
	err = snd_usb_parse_audio_interface(chip, altsd->bInterfaceNumber);
	if (err < 0) {
		usb_audio_err(chip, "cannot setup if %d: error %d\n",
			   altsd->bInterfaceNumber, err);
		return err;
	}
	/* reset the current interface */
	usb_set_interface(chip->dev, altsd->bInterfaceNumber, 0);
	return 0;
}

/* create the audio stream and the corresponding endpoints from the fixed
 * audioformat object; this is used for quirks with the fixed EPs
 */
static int add_audio_stream_from_fixed_fmt(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
					   struct audioformat *fp)
{
	int stream, err;

	stream = (fp->endpoint & USB_DIR_IN) ?
		SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE : SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK;

	snd_usb_audioformat_set_sync_ep(chip, fp);

	err = snd_usb_add_audio_stream(chip, stream, fp);
	if (err < 0)
		return err;

	err = snd_usb_add_endpoint(chip, fp->endpoint,
				   SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_DATA);
	if (err < 0)
		return err;

	if (fp->sync_ep) {
		err = snd_usb_add_endpoint(chip, fp->sync_ep,
					   fp->implicit_fb ?
					   SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_DATA :
					   SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_SYNC);
		if (err < 0)
			return err;
	}

	return 0;
}

/*
 * create a stream for an endpoint/altsetting without proper descriptors
 */
static int create_fixed_stream_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
				     struct usb_interface *iface,
				     struct usb_driver *driver,
				     const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk)
{
	struct audioformat *fp;
	struct usb_host_interface *alts;
	struct usb_interface_descriptor *altsd;
	unsigned *rate_table = NULL;
	int err;

	fp = kmemdup(quirk->data, sizeof(*fp), GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!fp)
		return -ENOMEM;

	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&fp->list);
	if (fp->nr_rates > MAX_NR_RATES) {
		kfree(fp);
		return -EINVAL;
	}
	if (fp->nr_rates > 0) {
		rate_table = kmemdup_array(fp->rate_table, fp->nr_rates, sizeof(int),
					   GFP_KERNEL);
		if (!rate_table) {
			kfree(fp);
			return -ENOMEM;
		}
		fp->rate_table = rate_table;
	}

	if (fp->iface != get_iface_desc(&iface->altsetting[0])->bInterfaceNumber ||
	    fp->altset_idx >= iface->num_altsetting) {
		err = -EINVAL;
		goto error;
	}
	alts = &iface->altsetting[fp->altset_idx];
	altsd = get_iface_desc(alts);
	if (altsd->bNumEndpoints <= fp->ep_idx) {
		err = -EINVAL;
		goto error;
	}

	fp->protocol = altsd->bInterfaceProtocol;

	if (fp->datainterval == 0)
		fp->datainterval = snd_usb_parse_datainterval(chip, alts);
	if (fp->maxpacksize == 0)
		fp->maxpacksize = le16_to_cpu(get_endpoint(alts, fp->ep_idx)->wMaxPacketSize);
	if (!fp->fmt_type)
		fp->fmt_type = UAC_FORMAT_TYPE_I;

	err = add_audio_stream_from_fixed_fmt(chip, fp);
	if (err < 0)
		goto error;

	usb_set_interface(chip->dev, fp->iface, 0);
	snd_usb_init_pitch(chip, fp);
	snd_usb_init_sample_rate(chip, fp, fp->rate_max);
	return 0;

 error:
	list_del(&fp->list); /* unlink for avoiding double-free */
	kfree(fp);
	kfree(rate_table);
	return err;
}

static int create_auto_pcm_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
				 struct usb_interface *iface,
				 struct usb_driver *driver)
{
	struct usb_host_interface *alts;
	struct usb_interface_descriptor *altsd;
	struct usb_endpoint_descriptor *epd;
	struct uac1_as_header_descriptor *ashd;
	struct uac_format_type_i_discrete_descriptor *fmtd;

	/*
	 * Most Roland/Yamaha audio streaming interfaces have more or less
	 * standard descriptors, but older devices might lack descriptors, and
	 * future ones might change, so ensure that we fail silently if the
	 * interface doesn't look exactly right.
	 */

	/* must have a non-zero altsetting for streaming */
	if (iface->num_altsetting < 2)
		return -ENODEV;
	alts = &iface->altsetting[1];
	altsd = get_iface_desc(alts);

	/* must have an isochronous endpoint for streaming */
	if (altsd->bNumEndpoints < 1)
		return -ENODEV;
	epd = get_endpoint(alts, 0);
	if (!usb_endpoint_xfer_isoc(epd))
		return -ENODEV;

	/* must have format descriptors */
	ashd = snd_usb_find_csint_desc(alts->extra, alts->extralen, NULL,
				       UAC_AS_GENERAL);
	fmtd = snd_usb_find_csint_desc(alts->extra, alts->extralen, NULL,
				       UAC_FORMAT_TYPE);
	if (!ashd || ashd->bLength < 7 ||
	    !fmtd || fmtd->bLength < 8)
		return -ENODEV;

	return create_standard_audio_quirk(chip, iface, driver, NULL);
}

static int create_yamaha_midi_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
				    struct usb_interface *iface,
				    struct usb_driver *driver,
				    struct usb_host_interface *alts)
{
	static const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk yamaha_midi_quirk = {
		.type = QUIRK_MIDI_YAMAHA
	};
	struct usb_midi_in_jack_descriptor *injd;
	struct usb_midi_out_jack_descriptor *outjd;

	/* must have some valid jack descriptors */
	injd = snd_usb_find_csint_desc(alts->extra, alts->extralen,
				       NULL, USB_MS_MIDI_IN_JACK);
	outjd = snd_usb_find_csint_desc(alts->extra, alts->extralen,
					NULL, USB_MS_MIDI_OUT_JACK);
	if (!injd && !outjd)
		return -ENODEV;
	if ((injd && !snd_usb_validate_midi_desc(injd)) ||
	    (outjd && !snd_usb_validate_midi_desc(outjd)))
		return -ENODEV;
	if (injd && (injd->bLength < 5 ||
		     (injd->bJackType != USB_MS_EMBEDDED &&
		      injd->bJackType != USB_MS_EXTERNAL)))
		return -ENODEV;
	if (outjd && (outjd->bLength < 6 ||
		      (outjd->bJackType != USB_MS_EMBEDDED &&
		       outjd->bJackType != USB_MS_EXTERNAL)))
		return -ENODEV;
	return create_any_midi_quirk(chip, iface, driver, &yamaha_midi_quirk);
}

static int create_roland_midi_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
				    struct usb_interface *iface,
				    struct usb_driver *driver,
				    struct usb_host_interface *alts)
{
	static const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk roland_midi_quirk = {
		.type = QUIRK_MIDI_ROLAND
	};
	u8 *roland_desc = NULL;

	/* might have a vendor-specific descriptor <06 24 F1 02 ...> */
	for (;;) {
		roland_desc = snd_usb_find_csint_desc(alts->extra,
						      alts->extralen,
						      roland_desc, 0xf1);
		if (!roland_desc)
			return -ENODEV;
		if (roland_desc[0] < 6 || roland_desc[3] != 2)
			continue;
		return create_any_midi_quirk(chip, iface, driver,
					     &roland_midi_quirk);
	}
}

static int create_std_midi_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
				 struct usb_interface *iface,
				 struct usb_driver *driver,
				 struct usb_host_interface *alts)
{
	struct usb_ms_header_descriptor *mshd;
	struct usb_ms_endpoint_descriptor *msepd;

	/* must have the MIDIStreaming interface header descriptor*/
	mshd = (struct usb_ms_header_descriptor *)alts->extra;
	if (alts->extralen < 7 ||
	    mshd->bLength < 7 ||
	    mshd->bDescriptorType != USB_DT_CS_INTERFACE ||
	    mshd->bDescriptorSubtype != USB_MS_HEADER)
		return -ENODEV;
	/* must have the MIDIStreaming endpoint descriptor*/
	msepd = (struct usb_ms_endpoint_descriptor *)alts->endpoint[0].extra;
	if (alts->endpoint[0].extralen < 4 ||
	    msepd->bLength < 4 ||
	    msepd->bDescriptorType != USB_DT_CS_ENDPOINT ||
	    msepd->bDescriptorSubtype != UAC_MS_GENERAL ||
	    msepd->bNumEmbMIDIJack < 1 ||
	    msepd->bNumEmbMIDIJack > 16)
		return -ENODEV;

	return create_any_midi_quirk(chip, iface, driver, NULL);
}

static int create_auto_midi_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
				  struct usb_interface *iface,
				  struct usb_driver *driver)
{
	struct usb_host_interface *alts;
	struct usb_interface_descriptor *altsd;
	struct usb_endpoint_descriptor *epd;
	int err;

	alts = &iface->altsetting[0];
	altsd = get_iface_desc(alts);

	/* must have at least one bulk/interrupt endpoint for streaming */
	if (altsd->bNumEndpoints < 1)
		return -ENODEV;
	epd = get_endpoint(alts, 0);
	if (!usb_endpoint_xfer_bulk(epd) &&
	    !usb_endpoint_xfer_int(epd))
		return -ENODEV;

	switch (USB_ID_VENDOR(chip->usb_id)) {
	case 0x0499: /* Yamaha */
		err = create_yamaha_midi_quirk(chip, iface, driver, alts);
		if (err != -ENODEV)
			return err;
		break;
	case 0x0582: /* Roland */
		err = create_roland_midi_quirk(chip, iface, driver, alts);
		if (err != -ENODEV)
			return err;
		break;
	}

	return create_std_midi_quirk(chip, iface, driver, alts);
}

static int create_autodetect_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
				   struct usb_interface *iface,
				   struct usb_driver *driver,
				   const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk)
{
	int err;

	err = create_auto_pcm_quirk(chip, iface, driver);
	if (err == -ENODEV)
		err = create_auto_midi_quirk(chip, iface, driver);
	return err;
}

/*
 * Create a stream for an Edirol UA-700/UA-25/UA-4FX interface.  
 * The only way to detect the sample rate is by looking at wMaxPacketSize.
 */
static int create_uaxx_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
			     struct usb_interface *iface,
			     struct usb_driver *driver,
			     const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk)
{
	static const struct audioformat ua_format = {
		.formats = SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S24_3LE,
		.channels = 2,
		.fmt_type = UAC_FORMAT_TYPE_I,
		.altsetting = 1,
		.altset_idx = 1,
		.rates = SNDRV_PCM_RATE_CONTINUOUS,
	};
	struct usb_host_interface *alts;
	struct usb_interface_descriptor *altsd;
	struct audioformat *fp;
	int err;

	/* both PCM and MIDI interfaces have 2 or more altsettings */
	if (iface->num_altsetting < 2)
		return -ENXIO;
	alts = &iface->altsetting[1];
	altsd = get_iface_desc(alts);

	if (altsd->bNumEndpoints == 2) {
		static const struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint_info ua700_ep = {
			.out_cables = 0x0003,
			.in_cables  = 0x0003
		};
		static const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk ua700_quirk = {
			.type = QUIRK_MIDI_FIXED_ENDPOINT,
			.data = &ua700_ep
		};
		static const struct snd_usb_midi_endpoint_info uaxx_ep = {
			.out_cables = 0x0001,
			.in_cables  = 0x0001
		};
		static const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk uaxx_quirk = {
			.type = QUIRK_MIDI_FIXED_ENDPOINT,
			.data = &uaxx_ep
		};
		const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk =
			chip->usb_id == USB_ID(0x0582, 0x002b)
			? &ua700_quirk : &uaxx_quirk;
		return __snd_usbmidi_create(chip->card, iface,
					    &chip->midi_list, quirk,
					    chip->usb_id,
					    &chip->num_rawmidis);
	}

	if (altsd->bNumEndpoints != 1)
		return -ENXIO;

	fp = kmemdup(&ua_format, sizeof(*fp), GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!fp)
		return -ENOMEM;

	fp->iface = altsd->bInterfaceNumber;
	fp->endpoint = get_endpoint(alts, 0)->bEndpointAddress;
	fp->ep_attr = get_endpoint(alts, 0)->bmAttributes;
	fp->datainterval = 0;
	fp->maxpacksize = le16_to_cpu(get_endpoint(alts, 0)->wMaxPacketSize);
	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&fp->list);

	switch (fp->maxpacksize) {
	case 0x120:
		fp->rate_max = fp->rate_min = 44100;
		break;
	case 0x138:
	case 0x140:
		fp->rate_max = fp->rate_min = 48000;
		break;
	case 0x258:
	case 0x260:
		fp->rate_max = fp->rate_min = 96000;
		break;
	default:
		usb_audio_err(chip, "unknown sample rate\n");
		kfree(fp);
		return -ENXIO;
	}

	err = add_audio_stream_from_fixed_fmt(chip, fp);
	if (err < 0) {
		list_del(&fp->list); /* unlink for avoiding double-free */
		kfree(fp);
		return err;
	}
	usb_set_interface(chip->dev, fp->iface, 0);
	return 0;
}

/*
 * Create a standard mixer for the specified interface.
 */
static int create_standard_mixer_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
				       struct usb_interface *iface,
				       struct usb_driver *driver,
				       const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk)
{
	if (quirk->ifnum < 0)
		return 0;

	return snd_usb_create_mixer(chip, quirk->ifnum);
}

/*
 * audio-interface quirks
 *
 * returns zero if no standard audio/MIDI parsing is needed.
 * returns a positive value if standard audio/midi interfaces are parsed
 * after this.
 * returns a negative value at error.
 */
int snd_usb_create_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
			 struct usb_interface *iface,
			 struct usb_driver *driver,
			 const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk)
{
	typedef int (*quirk_func_t)(struct snd_usb_audio *,
				    struct usb_interface *,
				    struct usb_driver *,
				    const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *);
	static const quirk_func_t quirk_funcs[] = {
		[QUIRK_IGNORE_INTERFACE] = ignore_interface_quirk,
		[QUIRK_COMPOSITE] = create_composite_quirk,
		[QUIRK_AUTODETECT] = create_autodetect_quirk,
		[QUIRK_MIDI_STANDARD_INTERFACE] = create_any_midi_quirk,
		[QUIRK_MIDI_FIXED_ENDPOINT] = create_any_midi_quirk,
		[QUIRK_MIDI_YAMAHA] = create_any_midi_quirk,
		[QUIRK_MIDI_ROLAND] = create_any_midi_quirk,
		[QUIRK_MIDI_MIDIMAN] = create_any_midi_quirk,
		[QUIRK_MIDI_NOVATION] = create_any_midi_quirk,
		[QUIRK_MIDI_RAW_BYTES] = create_any_midi_quirk,
		[QUIRK_MIDI_EMAGIC] = create_any_midi_quirk,
		[QUIRK_MIDI_CME] = create_any_midi_quirk,
		[QUIRK_MIDI_AKAI] = create_any_midi_quirk,
		[QUIRK_MIDI_FTDI] = create_any_midi_quirk,
		[QUIRK_MIDI_CH345] = create_any_midi_quirk,
		[QUIRK_AUDIO_STANDARD_INTERFACE] = create_standard_audio_quirk,
		[QUIRK_AUDIO_FIXED_ENDPOINT] = create_fixed_stream_quirk,
		[QUIRK_AUDIO_EDIROL_UAXX] = create_uaxx_quirk,
		[QUIRK_AUDIO_STANDARD_MIXER] = create_standard_mixer_quirk,
	};

	if (quirk->type < QUIRK_TYPE_COUNT) {
		return quirk_funcs[quirk->type](chip, iface, driver, quirk);
	} else {
		usb_audio_err(chip, "invalid quirk type %d\n", quirk->type);
		return -ENXIO;
	}
}

/*
 * boot quirks
 */

#define EXTIGY_FIRMWARE_SIZE_OLD 794
#define EXTIGY_FIRMWARE_SIZE_NEW 483

static int snd_usb_extigy_boot_quirk(struct usb_device *dev, struct usb_interface *intf)
{
	struct usb_host_config *config = dev->actconfig;
	int err;

	if (le16_to_cpu(get_cfg_desc(config)->wTotalLength) == EXTIGY_FIRMWARE_SIZE_OLD ||
	    le16_to_cpu(get_cfg_desc(config)->wTotalLength) == EXTIGY_FIRMWARE_SIZE_NEW) {
		dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "sending Extigy boot sequence...\n");
		/* Send message to force it to reconnect with full interface. */
		err = snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev,0),
				      0x10, 0x43, 0x0001, 0x000a, NULL, 0);
		if (err < 0)
			dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "error sending boot message: %d\n", err);
		struct usb_device_descriptor *new_device_descriptor __free(kfree) =
			kmalloc(sizeof(*new_device_descriptor), GFP_KERNEL);
		if (!new_device_descriptor)
			return -ENOMEM;
		err = usb_get_descriptor(dev, USB_DT_DEVICE, 0,
				new_device_descriptor, sizeof(*new_device_descriptor));
		if (err < 0)
			dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "error usb_get_descriptor: %d\n", err);
		if (new_device_descriptor->bNumConfigurations > dev->descriptor.bNumConfigurations)
			dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "error too large bNumConfigurations: %d\n",
				new_device_descriptor->bNumConfigurations);
		else
			memcpy(&dev->descriptor, new_device_descriptor, sizeof(dev->descriptor));
		err = usb_reset_configuration(dev);
		if (err < 0)
			dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "error usb_reset_configuration: %d\n", err);
		dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "extigy_boot: new boot length = %d\n",
			    le16_to_cpu(get_cfg_desc(config)->wTotalLength));
		return -ENODEV; /* quit this anyway */
	}
	return 0;
}

static int snd_usb_audigy2nx_boot_quirk(struct usb_device *dev)
{
	u8 buf = 1;

	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_rcvctrlpipe(dev, 0), 0x2a,
			USB_DIR_IN | USB_TYPE_VENDOR | USB_RECIP_OTHER,
			0, 0, &buf, 1);
	if (buf == 0) {
		snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0), 0x29,
				USB_DIR_OUT | USB_TYPE_VENDOR | USB_RECIP_OTHER,
				1, 2000, NULL, 0);
		return -ENODEV;
	}
	return 0;
}

static int snd_usb_fasttrackpro_boot_quirk(struct usb_device *dev)
{
	int err;

	if (dev->actconfig->desc.bConfigurationValue == 1) {
		dev_info(&dev->dev,
			   "Fast Track Pro switching to config #2\n");
		/* This function has to be available by the usb core module.
		 * if it is not avialable the boot quirk has to be left out
		 * and the configuration has to be set by udev or hotplug
		 * rules
		 */
		err = usb_driver_set_configuration(dev, 2);
		if (err < 0)
			dev_dbg(&dev->dev,
				"error usb_driver_set_configuration: %d\n",
				err);
		/* Always return an error, so that we stop creating a device
		   that will just be destroyed and recreated with a new
		   configuration */
		return -ENODEV;
	} else
		dev_info(&dev->dev, "Fast Track Pro config OK\n");

	return 0;
}

/*
 * C-Media CM106/CM106+ have four 16-bit internal registers that are nicely
 * documented in the device's data sheet.
 */
static int snd_usb_cm106_write_int_reg(struct usb_device *dev, int reg, u16 value)
{
	u8 buf[4];
	buf[0] = 0x20;
	buf[1] = value & 0xff;
	buf[2] = (value >> 8) & 0xff;
	buf[3] = reg;
	return snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0), USB_REQ_SET_CONFIGURATION,
			       USB_DIR_OUT | USB_TYPE_CLASS | USB_RECIP_ENDPOINT,
			       0, 0, &buf, 4);
}

static int snd_usb_cm106_boot_quirk(struct usb_device *dev)
{
	/*
	 * Enable line-out driver mode, set headphone source to front
	 * channels, enable stereo mic.
	 */
	return snd_usb_cm106_write_int_reg(dev, 2, 0x8004);
}

/*
 * CM6206 registers from the CM6206 datasheet rev 2.1
 */
#define CM6206_REG0_DMA_MASTER BIT(15)
#define CM6206_REG0_SPDIFO_RATE_48K (2 << 12)
#define CM6206_REG0_SPDIFO_RATE_96K (7 << 12)
/* Bit 4 thru 11 is the S/PDIF category code */
#define CM6206_REG0_SPDIFO_CAT_CODE_GENERAL (0 << 4)
#define CM6206_REG0_SPDIFO_EMPHASIS_CD BIT(3)
#define CM6206_REG0_SPDIFO_COPYRIGHT_NA BIT(2)
#define CM6206_REG0_SPDIFO_NON_AUDIO BIT(1)
#define CM6206_REG0_SPDIFO_PRO_FORMAT BIT(0)

#define CM6206_REG1_TEST_SEL_CLK BIT(14)
#define CM6206_REG1_PLLBIN_EN BIT(13)
#define CM6206_REG1_SOFT_MUTE_EN BIT(12)
#define CM6206_REG1_GPIO4_OUT BIT(11)
#define CM6206_REG1_GPIO4_OE BIT(10)
#define CM6206_REG1_GPIO3_OUT BIT(9)
#define CM6206_REG1_GPIO3_OE BIT(8)
#define CM6206_REG1_GPIO2_OUT BIT(7)
#define CM6206_REG1_GPIO2_OE BIT(6)
#define CM6206_REG1_GPIO1_OUT BIT(5)
#define CM6206_REG1_GPIO1_OE BIT(4)
#define CM6206_REG1_SPDIFO_INVALID BIT(3)
#define CM6206_REG1_SPDIF_LOOP_EN BIT(2)
#define CM6206_REG1_SPDIFO_DIS BIT(1)
#define CM6206_REG1_SPDIFI_MIX BIT(0)

#define CM6206_REG2_DRIVER_ON BIT(15)
#define CM6206_REG2_HEADP_SEL_SIDE_CHANNELS (0 << 13)
#define CM6206_REG2_HEADP_SEL_SURROUND_CHANNELS (1 << 13)
#define CM6206_REG2_HEADP_SEL_CENTER_SUBW (2 << 13)
#define CM6206_REG2_HEADP_SEL_FRONT_CHANNELS (3 << 13)
#define CM6206_REG2_MUTE_HEADPHONE_RIGHT BIT(12)
#define CM6206_REG2_MUTE_HEADPHONE_LEFT BIT(11)
#define CM6206_REG2_MUTE_REAR_SURROUND_RIGHT BIT(10)
#define CM6206_REG2_MUTE_REAR_SURROUND_LEFT BIT(9)
#define CM6206_REG2_MUTE_SIDE_SURROUND_RIGHT BIT(8)
#define CM6206_REG2_MUTE_SIDE_SURROUND_LEFT BIT(7)
#define CM6206_REG2_MUTE_SUBWOOFER BIT(6)
#define CM6206_REG2_MUTE_CENTER BIT(5)
#define CM6206_REG2_MUTE_RIGHT_FRONT BIT(3)
#define CM6206_REG2_MUTE_LEFT_FRONT BIT(3)
#define CM6206_REG2_EN_BTL BIT(2)
#define CM6206_REG2_MCUCLKSEL_1_5_MHZ (0)
#define CM6206_REG2_MCUCLKSEL_3_MHZ (1)
#define CM6206_REG2_MCUCLKSEL_6_MHZ (2)
#define CM6206_REG2_MCUCLKSEL_12_MHZ (3)

/* Bit 11..13 sets the sensitivity to FLY tuner volume control VP/VD signal */
#define CM6206_REG3_FLYSPEED_DEFAULT (2 << 11)
#define CM6206_REG3_VRAP25EN BIT(10)
#define CM6206_REG3_MSEL1 BIT(9)
#define CM6206_REG3_SPDIFI_RATE_44_1K BIT(0 << 7)
#define CM6206_REG3_SPDIFI_RATE_48K BIT(2 << 7)
#define CM6206_REG3_SPDIFI_RATE_32K BIT(3 << 7)
#define CM6206_REG3_PINSEL BIT(6)
#define CM6206_REG3_FOE BIT(5)
#define CM6206_REG3_ROE BIT(4)
#define CM6206_REG3_CBOE BIT(3)
#define CM6206_REG3_LOSE BIT(2)
#define CM6206_REG3_HPOE BIT(1)
#define CM6206_REG3_SPDIFI_CANREC BIT(0)

#define CM6206_REG5_DA_RSTN BIT(13)
#define CM6206_REG5_AD_RSTN BIT(12)
#define CM6206_REG5_SPDIFO_AD2SPDO BIT(12)
#define CM6206_REG5_SPDIFO_SEL_FRONT (0 << 9)
#define CM6206_REG5_SPDIFO_SEL_SIDE_SUR (1 << 9)
#define CM6206_REG5_SPDIFO_SEL_CEN_LFE (2 << 9)
#define CM6206_REG5_SPDIFO_SEL_REAR_SUR (3 << 9)
#define CM6206_REG5_CODECM BIT(8)
#define CM6206_REG5_EN_HPF BIT(7)
#define CM6206_REG5_T_SEL_DSDA4 BIT(6)
#define CM6206_REG5_T_SEL_DSDA3 BIT(5)
#define CM6206_REG5_T_SEL_DSDA2 BIT(4)
#define CM6206_REG5_T_SEL_DSDA1 BIT(3)
#define CM6206_REG5_T_SEL_DSDAD_NORMAL 0
#define CM6206_REG5_T_SEL_DSDAD_FRONT 4
#define CM6206_REG5_T_SEL_DSDAD_S_SURROUND 5
#define CM6206_REG5_T_SEL_DSDAD_CEN_LFE 6
#define CM6206_REG5_T_SEL_DSDAD_R_SURROUND 7

static int snd_usb_cm6206_boot_quirk(struct usb_device *dev)
{
	int err  = 0, reg;
	int val[] = {
		/*
		 * Values here are chosen based on sniffing USB traffic
		 * under Windows.
		 *
		 * REG0: DAC is master, sample rate 48kHz, no copyright
		 */
		CM6206_REG0_SPDIFO_RATE_48K |
		CM6206_REG0_SPDIFO_COPYRIGHT_NA,
		/*
		 * REG1: PLL binary search enable, soft mute enable.
		 */
		CM6206_REG1_PLLBIN_EN |
		CM6206_REG1_SOFT_MUTE_EN,
		/*
		 * REG2: enable output drivers,
		 * select front channels to the headphone output,
		 * then mute the headphone channels, run the MCU
		 * at 1.5 MHz.
		 */
		CM6206_REG2_DRIVER_ON |
		CM6206_REG2_HEADP_SEL_FRONT_CHANNELS |
		CM6206_REG2_MUTE_HEADPHONE_RIGHT |
		CM6206_REG2_MUTE_HEADPHONE_LEFT,
		/*
		 * REG3: default flyspeed, set 2.5V mic bias
		 * enable all line out ports and enable SPDIF
		 */
		CM6206_REG3_FLYSPEED_DEFAULT |
		CM6206_REG3_VRAP25EN |
		CM6206_REG3_FOE |
		CM6206_REG3_ROE |
		CM6206_REG3_CBOE |
		CM6206_REG3_LOSE |
		CM6206_REG3_HPOE |
		CM6206_REG3_SPDIFI_CANREC,
		/* REG4 is just a bunch of GPIO lines */
		0x0000,
		/* REG5: de-assert AD/DA reset signals */
		CM6206_REG5_DA_RSTN |
		CM6206_REG5_AD_RSTN };

	for (reg = 0; reg < ARRAY_SIZE(val); reg++) {
		err = snd_usb_cm106_write_int_reg(dev, reg, val[reg]);
		if (err < 0)
			return err;
	}

	return err;
}

/* quirk for Plantronics GameCom 780 with CM6302 chip */
static int snd_usb_gamecon780_boot_quirk(struct usb_device *dev)
{
	/* set the initial volume and don't change; other values are either
	 * too loud or silent due to firmware bug (bko#65251)
	 */
	u8 buf[2] = { 0x74, 0xe3 };
	return snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0), UAC_SET_CUR,
			USB_RECIP_INTERFACE | USB_TYPE_CLASS | USB_DIR_OUT,
			UAC_FU_VOLUME << 8, 9 << 8, buf, 2);
}

/*
 * Novation Twitch DJ controller
 * Focusrite Novation Saffire 6 USB audio card
 */
static int snd_usb_novation_boot_quirk(struct usb_device *dev)
{
	/* preemptively set up the device because otherwise the
	 * raw MIDI endpoints are not active */
	usb_set_interface(dev, 0, 1);
	return 0;
}

/*
 * This call will put the synth in "USB send" mode, i.e it will send MIDI
 * messages through USB (this is disabled at startup). The synth will
 * acknowledge by sending a sysex on endpoint 0x85 and by displaying a USB
 * sign on its LCD. Values here are chosen based on sniffing USB traffic
 * under Windows.
 */
static int snd_usb_accessmusic_boot_quirk(struct usb_device *dev)
{
	int err, actual_length;
	/* "midi send" enable */
	static const u8 seq[] = { 0x4e, 0x73, 0x52, 0x01 };
	void *buf;

	if (usb_pipe_type_check(dev, usb_sndintpipe(dev, 0x05)))
		return -EINVAL;
	buf = kmemdup(seq, ARRAY_SIZE(seq), GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!buf)
		return -ENOMEM;
	err = usb_interrupt_msg(dev, usb_sndintpipe(dev, 0x05), buf,
			ARRAY_SIZE(seq), &actual_length, 1000);
	kfree(buf);
	if (err < 0)
		return err;

	return 0;
}

/*
 * Some sound cards from Native Instruments are in fact compliant to the USB
 * audio standard of version 2 and other approved USB standards, even though
 * they come up as vendor-specific device when first connected.
 *
 * However, they can be told to come up with a new set of descriptors
 * upon their next enumeration, and the interfaces announced by the new
 * descriptors will then be handled by the kernel's class drivers. As the
 * product ID will also change, no further checks are required.
 */

static int snd_usb_nativeinstruments_boot_quirk(struct usb_device *dev)
{
	int ret;

	ret = usb_control_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
				  0xaf, USB_TYPE_VENDOR | USB_RECIP_DEVICE,
				  1, 0, NULL, 0, 1000);

	if (ret < 0)
		return ret;

	usb_reset_device(dev);

	/* return -EAGAIN, so the creation of an audio interface for this
	 * temporary device is aborted. The device will reconnect with a
	 * new product ID */
	return -EAGAIN;
}

static void mbox2_setup_48_24_magic(struct usb_device *dev)
{
	u8 srate[3];
	u8 temp[12];

	/* Choose 48000Hz permanently */
	srate[0] = 0x80;
	srate[1] = 0xbb;
	srate[2] = 0x00;

	/* Send the magic! */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_rcvctrlpipe(dev, 0),
		0x01, 0x22, 0x0100, 0x0085, &temp, 0x0003);
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
		0x81, 0xa2, 0x0100, 0x0085, &srate, 0x0003);
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
		0x81, 0xa2, 0x0100, 0x0086, &srate, 0x0003);
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
		0x81, 0xa2, 0x0100, 0x0003, &srate, 0x0003);
	return;
}

/* Digidesign Mbox 2 needs to load firmware onboard
 * and driver must wait a few seconds for initialisation.
 */

#define MBOX2_FIRMWARE_SIZE    646
#define MBOX2_BOOT_LOADING     0x01 /* Hard coded into the device */
#define MBOX2_BOOT_READY       0x02 /* Hard coded into the device */

static int snd_usb_mbox2_boot_quirk(struct usb_device *dev)
{
	struct usb_host_config *config = dev->actconfig;
	int err;
	u8 bootresponse[0x12];
	int fwsize;
	int count;

	fwsize = le16_to_cpu(get_cfg_desc(config)->wTotalLength);

	if (fwsize != MBOX2_FIRMWARE_SIZE) {
		dev_err(&dev->dev, "Invalid firmware size=%d.\n", fwsize);
		return -ENODEV;
	}

	dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "Sending Digidesign Mbox 2 boot sequence...\n");

	count = 0;
	bootresponse[0] = MBOX2_BOOT_LOADING;
	while ((bootresponse[0] == MBOX2_BOOT_LOADING) && (count < 10)) {
		msleep(500); /* 0.5 second delay */
		snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_rcvctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			/* Control magic - load onboard firmware */
			0x85, 0xc0, 0x0001, 0x0000, &bootresponse, 0x0012);
		if (bootresponse[0] == MBOX2_BOOT_READY)
			break;
		dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "device not ready, resending boot sequence...\n");
		count++;
	}

	if (bootresponse[0] != MBOX2_BOOT_READY) {
		dev_err(&dev->dev, "Unknown bootresponse=%d, or timed out, ignoring device.\n", bootresponse[0]);
		return -ENODEV;
	}

	dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "device initialised!\n");

	struct usb_device_descriptor *new_device_descriptor __free(kfree) =
		kmalloc(sizeof(*new_device_descriptor), GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!new_device_descriptor)
		return -ENOMEM;

	err = usb_get_descriptor(dev, USB_DT_DEVICE, 0,
		new_device_descriptor, sizeof(*new_device_descriptor));
	if (err < 0)
		dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "error usb_get_descriptor: %d\n", err);
	if (new_device_descriptor->bNumConfigurations > dev->descriptor.bNumConfigurations)
		dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "error too large bNumConfigurations: %d\n",
			new_device_descriptor->bNumConfigurations);
	else
		memcpy(&dev->descriptor, new_device_descriptor, sizeof(dev->descriptor));

	err = usb_reset_configuration(dev);
	if (err < 0)
		dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "error usb_reset_configuration: %d\n", err);
	dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "mbox2_boot: new boot length = %d\n",
		le16_to_cpu(get_cfg_desc(config)->wTotalLength));

	mbox2_setup_48_24_magic(dev);

	dev_info(&dev->dev, "Digidesign Mbox 2: 24bit 48kHz");

	return 0; /* Successful boot */
}

static int snd_usb_axefx3_boot_quirk(struct usb_device *dev)
{
	int err;

	dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "Waiting for Axe-Fx III to boot up...\n");

	/* If the Axe-Fx III has not fully booted, it will timeout when trying
	 * to enable the audio streaming interface. A more generous timeout is
	 * used here to detect when the Axe-Fx III has finished booting as the
	 * set interface message will be acked once it has
	 */
	err = usb_control_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
				USB_REQ_SET_INTERFACE, USB_RECIP_INTERFACE,
				1, 1, NULL, 0, 120000);
	if (err < 0) {
		dev_err(&dev->dev,
			"failed waiting for Axe-Fx III to boot: %d\n", err);
		return err;
	}

	dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "Axe-Fx III is now ready\n");

	err = usb_set_interface(dev, 1, 0);
	if (err < 0)
		dev_dbg(&dev->dev,
			"error stopping Axe-Fx III interface: %d\n", err);

	return 0;
}

static void mbox3_setup_defaults(struct usb_device *dev)
{
	/* The Mbox 3 is "little endian" */
	/* max volume is: 0x0000. */
	/* min volume is: 0x0080 (shown in little endian form) */

	u8 com_buff[2];

	/* Deactivate Tuner */
	/* on  = 0x01*/
	/* off = 0x00*/
	com_buff[0] = 0x00;
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
		0x01, 0x21, 0x0003, 0x2001, &com_buff, 1);

	/* Set clock source to Internal (as opposed to S/PDIF) */
	/* Internal  = 0x01*/
	/* S/PDIF    = 0x02*/
	com_buff[0] = 0x01;
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x0100, 0x8001, &com_buff, 1);

	/* Mute the hardware loopbacks to start the device in a known state. */
	com_buff[0] = 0x00;
	com_buff[1] = 0x80;
	/* Analogue input 1 left channel: */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x0110, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
	/* Analogue input 1 right channel: */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x0111, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
	/* Analogue input 2 left channel: */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x0114, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
	/* Analogue input 2 right channel: */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x0115, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
	/* Analogue input 3 left channel: */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x0118, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
	/* Analogue input 3 right channel: */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x0119, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
	/* Analogue input 4 left channel: */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x011c, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
	/* Analogue input 4 right channel: */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x011d, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);

	/* Set software sends to output */
	com_buff[0] = 0x00;
	com_buff[1] = 0x00;
	/* Analogue software return 1 left channel: */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x0100, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
	com_buff[0] = 0x00;
	com_buff[1] = 0x80;
	/* Analogue software return 1 right channel: */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x0101, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
	com_buff[0] = 0x00;
	com_buff[1] = 0x80;
	/* Analogue software return 2 left channel: */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x0104, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
	com_buff[0] = 0x00;
	com_buff[1] = 0x00;
	/* Analogue software return 2 right channel: */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x0105, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);

	com_buff[0] = 0x00;
	com_buff[1] = 0x80;
	/* Analogue software return 3 left channel: */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x0108, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
	/* Analogue software return 3 right channel: */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x0109, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
	/* Analogue software return 4 left channel: */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x010c, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
	/* Analogue software return 4 right channel: */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x010d, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);

	/* Return to muting sends */
	com_buff[0] = 0x00;
	com_buff[1] = 0x80;
	/* Analogue fx return left channel: */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x0120, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
	/* Analogue fx return right channel: */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x0121, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);

	/* Analogue software input 1 fx send: */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x0100, 0x4201, &com_buff, 2);
	/* Analogue software input 2 fx send: */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x0101, 0x4201, &com_buff, 2);
	/* Analogue software input 3 fx send: */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x0102, 0x4201, &com_buff, 2);
	/* Analogue software input 4 fx send: */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x0103, 0x4201, &com_buff, 2);
	/* Analogue input 1 fx send: */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x0104, 0x4201, &com_buff, 2);
	/* Analogue input 2 fx send: */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x0105, 0x4201, &com_buff, 2);
	/* Analogue input 3 fx send: */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x0106, 0x4201, &com_buff, 2);
	/* Analogue input 4 fx send: */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x0107, 0x4201, &com_buff, 2);

	/* Toggle allowing host control */
	/* Not needed
	com_buff[0] = 0x02;
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			3, 0x21, 0x0000, 0x2001, &com_buff, 1);
	 */

	/* Do not dim fx returns */
	com_buff[0] = 0x00;
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			3, 0x21, 0x0002, 0x2001, &com_buff, 1);

	/* Do not set fx returns to mono */
	com_buff[0] = 0x00;
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			3, 0x21, 0x0001, 0x2001, &com_buff, 1);

	/* Mute the S/PDIF hardware loopback
	 * same odd volume logic here as above
	 */
	com_buff[0] = 0x00;
	com_buff[1] = 0x80;
	/* S/PDIF hardware input 1 left channel */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x0112, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
	/* S/PDIF hardware input 1 right channel */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x0113, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
	/* S/PDIF hardware input 2 left channel */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x0116, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
	/* S/PDIF hardware input 2 right channel */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x0117, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
	/* S/PDIF hardware input 3 left channel */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x011a, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
	/* S/PDIF hardware input 3 right channel */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x011b, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
	/* S/PDIF hardware input 4 left channel */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x011e, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
	/* S/PDIF hardware input 4 right channel */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x011f, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
	/* S/PDIF software return 1 left channel */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x0102, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
	/* S/PDIF software return 1 right channel */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x0103, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
	/* S/PDIF software return 2 left channel */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x0106, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
	/* S/PDIF software return 2 right channel */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x0107, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);

	com_buff[0] = 0x00;
	com_buff[1] = 0x00;
	/* S/PDIF software return 3 left channel */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x010a, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);

	com_buff[0] = 0x00;
	com_buff[1] = 0x80;
	/* S/PDIF software return 3 right channel */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x010b, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
	/* S/PDIF software return 4 left channel */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x010e, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);

	com_buff[0] = 0x00;
	com_buff[1] = 0x00;
	/* S/PDIF software return 4 right channel */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x010f, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);

	com_buff[0] = 0x00;
	com_buff[1] = 0x80;
	/* S/PDIF fx returns left channel */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x0122, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);
	/* S/PDIF fx returns right channel */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x0123, 0x4001, &com_buff, 2);

	/* Set the dropdown "Effect" to the first option */
	/* Room1  = 0x00 */
	/* Room2  = 0x01 */
	/* Room3  = 0x02 */
	/* Hall 1 = 0x03 */
	/* Hall 2 = 0x04 */
	/* Plate  = 0x05 */
	/* Delay  = 0x06 */
	/* Echo   = 0x07 */
	com_buff[0] = 0x00;
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x0200, 0x4301, &com_buff, 1);	/* max is 0xff */
	/* min is 0x00 */


	/* Set the effect duration to 0 */
	/* max is 0xffff */
	/* min is 0x0000 */
	com_buff[0] = 0x00;
	com_buff[1] = 0x00;
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x0400, 0x4301, &com_buff, 2);

	/* Set the effect volume and feedback to 0 */
	/* max is 0xff */
	/* min is 0x00 */
	com_buff[0] = 0x00;
	/* feedback: */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x0500, 0x4301, &com_buff, 1);
	/* volume: */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			1, 0x21, 0x0300, 0x4301, &com_buff, 1);

	/* Set soft button hold duration */
	/* 0x03 = 250ms */
	/* 0x05 = 500ms DEFAULT */
	/* 0x08 = 750ms */
	/* 0x0a = 1sec */
	com_buff[0] = 0x05;
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			3, 0x21, 0x0005, 0x2001, &com_buff, 1);

	/* Use dim LEDs for button of state */
	com_buff[0] = 0x00;
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			3, 0x21, 0x0004, 0x2001, &com_buff, 1);
}

#define MBOX3_DESCRIPTOR_SIZE	464

static int snd_usb_mbox3_boot_quirk(struct usb_device *dev)
{
	struct usb_host_config *config = dev->actconfig;
	int err;
	int descriptor_size;

	descriptor_size = le16_to_cpu(get_cfg_desc(config)->wTotalLength);

	if (descriptor_size != MBOX3_DESCRIPTOR_SIZE) {
		dev_err(&dev->dev, "MBOX3: Invalid descriptor size=%d.\n", descriptor_size);
		return -ENODEV;
	}

	dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "MBOX3: device initialised!\n");

	struct usb_device_descriptor *new_device_descriptor __free(kfree) =
		kmalloc(sizeof(*new_device_descriptor), GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!new_device_descriptor)
		return -ENOMEM;

	err = usb_get_descriptor(dev, USB_DT_DEVICE, 0,
		new_device_descriptor, sizeof(*new_device_descriptor));
	if (err < 0)
		dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "MBOX3: error usb_get_descriptor: %d\n", err);
	if (new_device_descriptor->bNumConfigurations > dev->descriptor.bNumConfigurations)
		dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "MBOX3: error too large bNumConfigurations: %d\n",
			new_device_descriptor->bNumConfigurations);
	else
		memcpy(&dev->descriptor, new_device_descriptor, sizeof(dev->descriptor));

	err = usb_reset_configuration(dev);
	if (err < 0)
		dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "MBOX3: error usb_reset_configuration: %d\n", err);

	dev_dbg(&dev->dev, "MBOX3: new boot length = %d\n",
		le16_to_cpu(get_cfg_desc(config)->wTotalLength));

	mbox3_setup_defaults(dev);
	dev_info(&dev->dev, "MBOX3: Initialized.");

	return 0; /* Successful boot */
}

#define MICROBOOK_BUF_SIZE 128

static int snd_usb_motu_microbookii_communicate(struct usb_device *dev, u8 *buf,
						int buf_size, int *length)
{
	int err, actual_length;

	if (usb_pipe_type_check(dev, usb_sndintpipe(dev, 0x01)))
		return -EINVAL;
	err = usb_interrupt_msg(dev, usb_sndintpipe(dev, 0x01), buf, *length,
				&actual_length, 1000);
	if (err < 0)
		return err;

	print_hex_dump(KERN_DEBUG, "MicroBookII snd: ", DUMP_PREFIX_NONE, 16, 1,
		       buf, actual_length, false);

	memset(buf, 0, buf_size);

	if (usb_pipe_type_check(dev, usb_rcvintpipe(dev, 0x82)))
		return -EINVAL;
	err = usb_interrupt_msg(dev, usb_rcvintpipe(dev, 0x82), buf, buf_size,
				&actual_length, 1000);
	if (err < 0)
		return err;

	print_hex_dump(KERN_DEBUG, "MicroBookII rcv: ", DUMP_PREFIX_NONE, 16, 1,
		       buf, actual_length, false);

	*length = actual_length;
	return 0;
}

static int snd_usb_motu_microbookii_boot_quirk(struct usb_device *dev)
{
	int err, actual_length, poll_attempts = 0;
	static const u8 set_samplerate_seq[] = { 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
						 0x00, 0x00, 0x0b, 0x14,
						 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01 };
	static const u8 poll_ready_seq[] = { 0x00, 0x04, 0x00, 0x00,
					     0x00, 0x00, 0x0b, 0x18 };
	u8 *buf = kzalloc(MICROBOOK_BUF_SIZE, GFP_KERNEL);

	if (!buf)
		return -ENOMEM;

	dev_info(&dev->dev, "Waiting for MOTU Microbook II to boot up...\n");

	/* First we tell the device which sample rate to use. */
	memcpy(buf, set_samplerate_seq, sizeof(set_samplerate_seq));
	actual_length = sizeof(set_samplerate_seq);
	err = snd_usb_motu_microbookii_communicate(dev, buf, MICROBOOK_BUF_SIZE,
						   &actual_length);

	if (err < 0) {
		dev_err(&dev->dev,
			"failed setting the sample rate for Motu MicroBook II: %d\n",
			err);
		goto free_buf;
	}

	/* Then we poll every 100 ms until the device informs of its readiness. */
	while (true) {
		if (++poll_attempts > 100) {
			dev_err(&dev->dev,
				"failed booting Motu MicroBook II: timeout\n");
			err = -ENODEV;
			goto free_buf;
		}

		memset(buf, 0, MICROBOOK_BUF_SIZE);
		memcpy(buf, poll_ready_seq, sizeof(poll_ready_seq));

		actual_length = sizeof(poll_ready_seq);
		err = snd_usb_motu_microbookii_communicate(
			dev, buf, MICROBOOK_BUF_SIZE, &actual_length);
		if (err < 0) {
			dev_err(&dev->dev,
				"failed booting Motu MicroBook II: communication error %d\n",
				err);
			goto free_buf;
		}

		/* the device signals its readiness through a message of the
		 * form
		 *           XX 06 00 00 00 00 0b 18  00 00 00 01
		 * If the device is not yet ready to accept audio data, the
		 * last byte of that sequence is 00.
		 */
		if (actual_length == 12 && buf[actual_length - 1] == 1)
			break;

		msleep(100);
	}

	dev_info(&dev->dev, "MOTU MicroBook II ready\n");

free_buf:
	kfree(buf);
	return err;
}

static int snd_usb_motu_m_series_boot_quirk(struct usb_device *dev)
{
	msleep(4000);

	return 0;
}

static int snd_usb_rme_digiface_boot_quirk(struct usb_device *dev)
{
	/* Disable mixer, internal clock, all outputs ADAT, 48kHz, TMS off */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			16, 0x40, 0x2410, 0x7fff, NULL, 0);
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
			18, 0x40, 0x0104, 0xffff, NULL, 0);

	/* Disable loopback for all inputs */
	for (int ch = 0; ch < 32; ch++)
		snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
				22, 0x40, 0x400, ch, NULL, 0);

	/* Unity gain for all outputs */
	for (int ch = 0; ch < 34; ch++)
		snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0),
				21, 0x40, 0x9000, 0x100 + ch, NULL, 0);

	return 0;
}

/*
 * Setup quirks
 */
#define MAUDIO_SET		0x01 /* parse device_setup */
#define MAUDIO_SET_COMPATIBLE	0x80 /* use only "win-compatible" interfaces */
#define MAUDIO_SET_DTS		0x02 /* enable DTS Digital Output */
#define MAUDIO_SET_96K		0x04 /* 48-96kHz rate if set, 8-48kHz otherwise */
#define MAUDIO_SET_24B		0x08 /* 24bits sample if set, 16bits otherwise */
#define MAUDIO_SET_DI		0x10 /* enable Digital Input */
#define MAUDIO_SET_MASK		0x1f /* bit mask for setup value */
#define MAUDIO_SET_24B_48K_DI	 0x19 /* 24bits+48kHz+Digital Input */
#define MAUDIO_SET_24B_48K_NOTDI 0x09 /* 24bits+48kHz+No Digital Input */
#define MAUDIO_SET_16B_48K_DI	 0x11 /* 16bits+48kHz+Digital Input */
#define MAUDIO_SET_16B_48K_NOTDI 0x01 /* 16bits+48kHz+No Digital Input */

static int quattro_skip_setting_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
				      int iface, int altno)
{
	/* Reset ALL ifaces to 0 altsetting.
	 * Call it for every possible altsetting of every interface.
	 */
	usb_set_interface(chip->dev, iface, 0);
	if (chip->setup & MAUDIO_SET) {
		if (chip->setup & MAUDIO_SET_COMPATIBLE) {
			if (iface != 1 && iface != 2)
				return 1; /* skip all interfaces but 1 and 2 */
		} else {
			unsigned int mask;
			if (iface == 1 || iface == 2)
				return 1; /* skip interfaces 1 and 2 */
			if ((chip->setup & MAUDIO_SET_96K) && altno != 1)
				return 1; /* skip this altsetting */
			mask = chip->setup & MAUDIO_SET_MASK;
			if (mask == MAUDIO_SET_24B_48K_DI && altno != 2)
				return 1; /* skip this altsetting */
			if (mask == MAUDIO_SET_24B_48K_NOTDI && altno != 3)
				return 1; /* skip this altsetting */
			if (mask == MAUDIO_SET_16B_48K_NOTDI && altno != 4)
				return 1; /* skip this altsetting */
		}
	}
	usb_audio_dbg(chip,
		    "using altsetting %d for interface %d config %d\n",
		    altno, iface, chip->setup);
	return 0; /* keep this altsetting */
}

static int audiophile_skip_setting_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
					 int iface,
					 int altno)
{
	/* Reset ALL ifaces to 0 altsetting.
	 * Call it for every possible altsetting of every interface.
	 */
	usb_set_interface(chip->dev, iface, 0);

	if (chip->setup & MAUDIO_SET) {
		unsigned int mask;
		if ((chip->setup & MAUDIO_SET_DTS) && altno != 6)
			return 1; /* skip this altsetting */
		if ((chip->setup & MAUDIO_SET_96K) && altno != 1)
			return 1; /* skip this altsetting */
		mask = chip->setup & MAUDIO_SET_MASK;
		if (mask == MAUDIO_SET_24B_48K_DI && altno != 2)
			return 1; /* skip this altsetting */
		if (mask == MAUDIO_SET_24B_48K_NOTDI && altno != 3)
			return 1; /* skip this altsetting */
		if (mask == MAUDIO_SET_16B_48K_DI && altno != 4)
			return 1; /* skip this altsetting */
		if (mask == MAUDIO_SET_16B_48K_NOTDI && altno != 5)
			return 1; /* skip this altsetting */
	}

	return 0; /* keep this altsetting */
}

static int fasttrackpro_skip_setting_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
					   int iface, int altno)
{
	/* Reset ALL ifaces to 0 altsetting.
	 * Call it for every possible altsetting of every interface.
	 */
	usb_set_interface(chip->dev, iface, 0);

	/* possible configuration where both inputs and only one output is
	 *used is not supported by the current setup
	 */
	if (chip->setup & (MAUDIO_SET | MAUDIO_SET_24B)) {
		if (chip->setup & MAUDIO_SET_96K) {
			if (altno != 3 && altno != 6)
				return 1;
		} else if (chip->setup & MAUDIO_SET_DI) {
			if (iface == 4)
				return 1; /* no analog input */
			if (altno != 2 && altno != 5)
				return 1; /* enable only altsets 2 and 5 */
		} else {
			if (iface == 5)
				return 1; /* disable digialt input */
			if (altno != 2 && altno != 5)
				return 1; /* enalbe only altsets 2 and 5 */
		}
	} else {
		/* keep only 16-Bit mode */
		if (altno != 1)
			return 1;
	}

	usb_audio_dbg(chip,
		    "using altsetting %d for interface %d config %d\n",
		    altno, iface, chip->setup);
	return 0; /* keep this altsetting */
}

static int s1810c_skip_setting_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
					   int iface, int altno)
{
	/*
	 * Altno settings:
	 *
	 * Playback (Interface 1):
	 * 1: 6 Analog + 2 S/PDIF
	 * 2: 6 Analog + 2 S/PDIF
	 * 3: 6 Analog
	 *
	 * Capture (Interface 2):
	 * 1: 8 Analog + 2 S/PDIF + 8 ADAT
	 * 2: 8 Analog + 2 S/PDIF + 4 ADAT
	 * 3: 8 Analog
	 */

	/*
	 * I'll leave 2 as the default one and
	 * use device_setup to switch to the
	 * other two.
	 */
	if ((chip->setup == 0 || chip->setup > 2) && altno != 2)
		return 1;
	else if (chip->setup == 1 && altno != 1)
		return 1;
	else if (chip->setup == 2 && altno != 3)
		return 1;

	return 0;
}

int snd_usb_apply_interface_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
				  int iface,
				  int altno)
{
	/* audiophile usb: skip altsets incompatible with device_setup */
	if (chip->usb_id == USB_ID(0x0763, 0x2003))
		return audiophile_skip_setting_quirk(chip, iface, altno);
	/* quattro usb: skip altsets incompatible with device_setup */
	if (chip->usb_id == USB_ID(0x0763, 0x2001))
		return quattro_skip_setting_quirk(chip, iface, altno);
	/* fasttrackpro usb: skip altsets incompatible with device_setup */
	if (chip->usb_id == USB_ID(0x0763, 0x2012))
		return fasttrackpro_skip_setting_quirk(chip, iface, altno);
	/* presonus studio 1810c: skip altsets incompatible with device_setup */
	if (chip->usb_id == USB_ID(0x194f, 0x010c))
		return s1810c_skip_setting_quirk(chip, iface, altno);

	return 0;
}

int snd_usb_apply_boot_quirk(struct usb_device *dev,
			     struct usb_interface *intf,
			     const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk,
			     unsigned int id)
{
	switch (id) {
	case USB_ID(0x041e, 0x3000):
		/* SB Extigy needs special boot-up sequence */
		/* if more models come, this will go to the quirk list. */
		return snd_usb_extigy_boot_quirk(dev, intf);

	case USB_ID(0x041e, 0x3020):
		/* SB Audigy 2 NX needs its own boot-up magic, too */
		return snd_usb_audigy2nx_boot_quirk(dev);

	case USB_ID(0x10f5, 0x0200):
		/* C-Media CM106 / Turtle Beach Audio Advantage Roadie */
		return snd_usb_cm106_boot_quirk(dev);

	case USB_ID(0x0d8c, 0x0102):
		/* C-Media CM6206 / CM106-Like Sound Device */
	case USB_ID(0x0ccd, 0x00b1): /* Terratec Aureon 7.1 USB */
		return snd_usb_cm6206_boot_quirk(dev);

	case USB_ID(0x0dba, 0x3000):
		/* Digidesign Mbox 2 */
		return snd_usb_mbox2_boot_quirk(dev);
	case USB_ID(0x0dba, 0x5000):
		/* Digidesign Mbox 3 */
		return snd_usb_mbox3_boot_quirk(dev);


	case USB_ID(0x1235, 0x0010): /* Focusrite Novation Saffire 6 USB */
	case USB_ID(0x1235, 0x0018): /* Focusrite Novation Twitch */
		return snd_usb_novation_boot_quirk(dev);

	case USB_ID(0x133e, 0x0815):
		/* Access Music VirusTI Desktop */
		return snd_usb_accessmusic_boot_quirk(dev);

	case USB_ID(0x17cc, 0x1000): /* Komplete Audio 6 */
	case USB_ID(0x17cc, 0x1010): /* Traktor Audio 6 */
	case USB_ID(0x17cc, 0x1020): /* Traktor Audio 10 */
		return snd_usb_nativeinstruments_boot_quirk(dev);
	case USB_ID(0x0763, 0x2012):  /* M-Audio Fast Track Pro USB */
		return snd_usb_fasttrackpro_boot_quirk(dev);
	case USB_ID(0x047f, 0xc010): /* Plantronics Gamecom 780 */
		return snd_usb_gamecon780_boot_quirk(dev);
	case USB_ID(0x2466, 0x8010): /* Fractal Audio Axe-Fx 3 */
		return snd_usb_axefx3_boot_quirk(dev);
	case USB_ID(0x07fd, 0x0004): /* MOTU MicroBook II */
		/*
		 * For some reason interface 3 with vendor-spec class is
		 * detected on MicroBook IIc.
		 */
		if (get_iface_desc(intf->altsetting)->bInterfaceClass ==
		    USB_CLASS_VENDOR_SPEC &&
		    get_iface_desc(intf->altsetting)->bInterfaceNumber < 3)
			return snd_usb_motu_microbookii_boot_quirk(dev);
		break;
	case USB_ID(0x2a39, 0x3f8c): /* RME Digiface USB */
	case USB_ID(0x2a39, 0x3fa0): /* RME Digiface USB (alternate) */
		return snd_usb_rme_digiface_boot_quirk(dev);
	}

	return 0;
}

int snd_usb_apply_boot_quirk_once(struct usb_device *dev,
				  struct usb_interface *intf,
				  const struct snd_usb_audio_quirk *quirk,
				  unsigned int id)
{
	switch (id) {
	case USB_ID(0x07fd, 0x0008): /* MOTU M Series, 1st hardware version */
		return snd_usb_motu_m_series_boot_quirk(dev);
	}

	return 0;
}

/*
 * check if the device uses big-endian samples
 */
int snd_usb_is_big_endian_format(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
				 const struct audioformat *fp)
{
	/* it depends on altsetting whether the device is big-endian or not */
	switch (chip->usb_id) {
	case USB_ID(0x0763, 0x2001): /* M-Audio Quattro: captured data only */
		if (fp->altsetting == 2 || fp->altsetting == 3 ||
			fp->altsetting == 5 || fp->altsetting == 6)
			return 1;
		break;
	case USB_ID(0x0763, 0x2003): /* M-Audio Audiophile USB */
		if (chip->setup == 0x00 ||
			fp->altsetting == 1 || fp->altsetting == 2 ||
			fp->altsetting == 3)
			return 1;
		break;
	case USB_ID(0x0763, 0x2012): /* M-Audio Fast Track Pro */
		if (fp->altsetting == 2 || fp->altsetting == 3 ||
			fp->altsetting == 5 || fp->altsetting == 6)
			return 1;
		break;
	}
	return 0;
}

/*
 * For E-Mu 0404USB/0202USB/TrackerPre/0204 sample rate should be set for device,
 * not for interface.
 */

enum {
	EMU_QUIRK_SR_44100HZ = 0,
	EMU_QUIRK_SR_48000HZ,
	EMU_QUIRK_SR_88200HZ,
	EMU_QUIRK_SR_96000HZ,
	EMU_QUIRK_SR_176400HZ,
	EMU_QUIRK_SR_192000HZ
};

static void set_format_emu_quirk(struct snd_usb_substream *subs,
				 const struct audioformat *fmt)
{
	unsigned char emu_samplerate_id = 0;

	/* When capture is active
	 * sample rate shouldn't be changed
	 * by playback substream
	 */
	if (subs->direction == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK) {
		if (subs->stream->substream[SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE].cur_audiofmt)
			return;
	}

	switch (fmt->rate_min) {
	case 48000:
		emu_samplerate_id = EMU_QUIRK_SR_48000HZ;
		break;
	case 88200:
		emu_samplerate_id = EMU_QUIRK_SR_88200HZ;
		break;
	case 96000:
		emu_samplerate_id = EMU_QUIRK_SR_96000HZ;
		break;
	case 176400:
		emu_samplerate_id = EMU_QUIRK_SR_176400HZ;
		break;
	case 192000:
		emu_samplerate_id = EMU_QUIRK_SR_192000HZ;
		break;
	default:
		emu_samplerate_id = EMU_QUIRK_SR_44100HZ;
		break;
	}
	snd_emuusb_set_samplerate(subs->stream->chip, emu_samplerate_id);
	subs->pkt_offset_adj = (emu_samplerate_id >= EMU_QUIRK_SR_176400HZ) ? 4 : 0;
}

static int pioneer_djm_set_format_quirk(struct snd_usb_substream *subs,
					u16 windex)
{
	unsigned int cur_rate = subs->data_endpoint->cur_rate;
	u8 sr[3];
	// Convert to little endian
	sr[0] = cur_rate & 0xff;
	sr[1] = (cur_rate >> 8) & 0xff;
	sr[2] = (cur_rate >> 16) & 0xff;
	usb_set_interface(subs->dev, 0, 1);
	// we should derive windex from fmt-sync_ep but it's not set
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(subs->stream->chip->dev,
		usb_sndctrlpipe(subs->stream->chip->dev, 0),
		0x01, 0x22, 0x0100, windex, &sr, 0x0003);
	return 0;
}

static void mbox3_set_format_quirk(struct snd_usb_substream *subs,
				const struct audioformat *fmt)
{
	__le32 buff4 = 0;
	u8 buff1 = 0x01;
	u32 new_rate = subs->data_endpoint->cur_rate;
	u32 current_rate;

	// Get current rate from card and check if changing it is needed
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(subs->dev, usb_rcvctrlpipe(subs->dev, 0),
					0x01, 0x21 | USB_DIR_IN, 0x0100, 0x8101, &buff4, 4);
	current_rate = le32_to_cpu(buff4);
	dev_dbg(&subs->dev->dev,
			 "MBOX3: Current configured sample rate: %d", current_rate);
	if (current_rate == new_rate) {
		dev_dbg(&subs->dev->dev,
			"MBOX3: No change needed (current rate:%d == new rate:%d)",
			current_rate, new_rate);
		return;
	}

	// Set new rate
	dev_info(&subs->dev->dev,
			 "MBOX3: Changing sample rate to: %d", new_rate);
	buff4 = cpu_to_le32(new_rate);
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(subs->dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(subs->dev, 0),
					0x01, 0x21, 0x0100, 0x8101, &buff4, 4);

	// Set clock source to Internal
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(subs->dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(subs->dev, 0),
					0x01, 0x21, 0x0100, 0x8001, &buff1, 1);

	// Check whether the change was successful
	buff4 = 0;
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(subs->dev, usb_rcvctrlpipe(subs->dev, 0),
					0x01, 0x21 | USB_DIR_IN, 0x0100, 0x8101, &buff4, 4);
	if (new_rate != le32_to_cpu(buff4))
		dev_warn(&subs->dev->dev, "MBOX3: Couldn't set the sample rate");
}

static const int rme_digiface_rate_table[] = {
	32000, 44100, 48000, 0,
	64000, 88200, 96000, 0,
	128000, 176400, 192000, 0,
};

static int rme_digiface_set_format_quirk(struct snd_usb_substream *subs)
{
	unsigned int cur_rate = subs->data_endpoint->cur_rate;
	u16 val;
	int speed_mode;
	int id;

	for (id = 0; id < ARRAY_SIZE(rme_digiface_rate_table); id++) {
		if (rme_digiface_rate_table[id] == cur_rate)
			break;
	}

	if (id >= ARRAY_SIZE(rme_digiface_rate_table))
		return -EINVAL;

	/* 2, 3, 4 for 1x, 2x, 4x */
	speed_mode = (id >> 2) + 2;
	val = (id << 3) | (speed_mode << 12);

	/* Set the sample rate */
	snd_usb_ctl_msg(subs->stream->chip->dev,
		usb_sndctrlpipe(subs->stream->chip->dev, 0),
		16, 0x40, val, 0x7078, NULL, 0);
	return 0;
}

void snd_usb_set_format_quirk(struct snd_usb_substream *subs,
			      const struct audioformat *fmt)
{
	switch (subs->stream->chip->usb_id) {
	case USB_ID(0x041e, 0x3f02): /* E-Mu 0202 USB */
	case USB_ID(0x041e, 0x3f04): /* E-Mu 0404 USB */
	case USB_ID(0x041e, 0x3f0a): /* E-Mu Tracker Pre */
	case USB_ID(0x041e, 0x3f19): /* E-Mu 0204 USB */
		set_format_emu_quirk(subs, fmt);
		break;
	case USB_ID(0x534d, 0x0021): /* MacroSilicon MS2100/MS2106 */
	case USB_ID(0x534d, 0x2109): /* MacroSilicon MS2109 */
		subs->stream_offset_adj = 2;
		break;
	case USB_ID(0x2b73, 0x000a): /* Pioneer DJM-900NXS2 */
	case USB_ID(0x2b73, 0x0013): /* Pioneer DJM-450 */
	case USB_ID(0x2b73, 0x0034): /* Pioneer DJM-V10 */
		pioneer_djm_set_format_quirk(subs, 0x0082);
		break;
	case USB_ID(0x08e4, 0x017f): /* Pioneer DJM-750 */
	case USB_ID(0x08e4, 0x0163): /* Pioneer DJM-850 */
		pioneer_djm_set_format_quirk(subs, 0x0086);
		break;
	case USB_ID(0x0dba, 0x5000):
		mbox3_set_format_quirk(subs, fmt); /* Digidesign Mbox 3 */
		break;
	case USB_ID(0x2a39, 0x3f8c): /* RME Digiface USB */
	case USB_ID(0x2a39, 0x3fa0): /* RME Digiface USB (alternate) */
		rme_digiface_set_format_quirk(subs);
		break;
	}
}

int snd_usb_select_mode_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
			      const struct audioformat *fmt)
{
	struct usb_device *dev = chip->dev;
	int err;

	if (chip->quirk_flags & QUIRK_FLAG_ITF_USB_DSD_DAC) {
		/* First switch to alt set 0, otherwise the mode switch cmd
		 * will not be accepted by the DAC
		 */
		err = usb_set_interface(dev, fmt->iface, 0);
		if (err < 0)
			return err;

		msleep(20); /* Delay needed after setting the interface */

		/* Vendor mode switch cmd is required. */
		if (fmt->formats & SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_DSD_U32_BE) {
			/* DSD mode (DSD_U32) requested */
			err = snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0), 0,
					      USB_DIR_OUT|USB_TYPE_VENDOR|USB_RECIP_INTERFACE,
					      1, 1, NULL, 0);
			if (err < 0)
				return err;

		} else {
			/* PCM or DOP mode (S32) requested */
			/* PCM mode (S16) requested */
			err = snd_usb_ctl_msg(dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(dev, 0), 0,
					      USB_DIR_OUT|USB_TYPE_VENDOR|USB_RECIP_INTERFACE,
					      0, 1, NULL, 0);
			if (err < 0)
				return err;

		}
		msleep(20);
	}
	return 0;
}

void snd_usb_endpoint_start_quirk(struct snd_usb_endpoint *ep)
{
	/*
	 * "Playback Design" products send bogus feedback data at the start
	 * of the stream. Ignore them.
	 */
	if (USB_ID_VENDOR(ep->chip->usb_id) == 0x23ba &&
	    ep->type == SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_SYNC)
		ep->skip_packets = 4;

	/*
	 * M-Audio Fast Track C400/C600 - when packets are not skipped, real
	 * world latency varies by approx. +/- 50 frames (at 96kHz) each time
	 * the stream is (re)started. When skipping packets 16 at endpoint
	 * start up, the real world latency is stable within +/- 1 frame (also
	 * across power cycles).
	 */
	if ((ep->chip->usb_id == USB_ID(0x0763, 0x2030) ||
	     ep->chip->usb_id == USB_ID(0x0763, 0x2031)) &&
	    ep->type == SND_USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_DATA)
		ep->skip_packets = 16;

	/* Work around devices that report unreasonable feedback data */
	if ((ep->chip->usb_id == USB_ID(0x0644, 0x8038) ||  /* TEAC UD-H01 */
	     ep->chip->usb_id == USB_ID(0x1852, 0x5034)) && /* T+A Dac8 */
	    ep->syncmaxsize == 4)
		ep->tenor_fb_quirk = 1;
}

/* quirk applied after snd_usb_ctl_msg(); not applied during boot quirks */
void snd_usb_ctl_msg_quirk(struct usb_device *dev, unsigned int pipe,
			   __u8 request, __u8 requesttype, __u16 value,
			   __u16 index, void *data, __u16 size)
{
	struct snd_usb_audio *chip = dev_get_drvdata(&dev->dev);

	if (!chip || (requesttype & USB_TYPE_MASK) != USB_TYPE_CLASS)
		return;

	if (chip->quirk_flags & QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY)
		msleep(20);
	else if (chip->quirk_flags & QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M)
		usleep_range(1000, 2000);
	else if (chip->quirk_flags & QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_5M)
		usleep_range(5000, 6000);
}

/*
 * snd_usb_interface_dsd_format_quirks() is called from format.c to
 * augment the PCM format bit-field for DSD types. The UAC standards
 * don't have a designated bit field to denote DSD-capable interfaces,
 * hence all hardware that is known to support this format has to be
 * listed here.
 */
u64 snd_usb_interface_dsd_format_quirks(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
					struct audioformat *fp,
					unsigned int sample_bytes)
{
	struct usb_interface *iface;

	/* Playback Designs */
	if (USB_ID_VENDOR(chip->usb_id) == 0x23ba &&
	    USB_ID_PRODUCT(chip->usb_id) < 0x0110) {
		switch (fp->altsetting) {
		case 1:
			fp->dsd_dop = true;
			return SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_DSD_U16_LE;
		case 2:
			fp->dsd_bitrev = true;
			return SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_DSD_U8;
		case 3:
			fp->dsd_bitrev = true;
			return SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_DSD_U16_LE;
		}
	}

	/* XMOS based USB DACs */
	switch (chip->usb_id) {
	case USB_ID(0x139f, 0x5504): /* Nagra DAC */
	case USB_ID(0x20b1, 0x3089): /* Mola-Mola DAC */
	case USB_ID(0x2522, 0x0007): /* LH Labs Geek Out 1V5 */
	case USB_ID(0x2522, 0x0009): /* LH Labs Geek Pulse X Inifinity 2V0 */
	case USB_ID(0x2522, 0x0012): /* LH Labs VI DAC Infinity */
	case USB_ID(0x2772, 0x0230): /* Pro-Ject Pre Box S2 Digital */
		if (fp->altsetting == 2)
			return SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_DSD_U32_BE;
		break;

	case USB_ID(0x0d8c, 0x0316): /* Hegel HD12 DSD */
	case USB_ID(0x10cb, 0x0103): /* The Bit Opus #3; with fp->dsd_raw */
	case USB_ID(0x16d0, 0x06b2): /* NuPrime DAC-10 */
	case USB_ID(0x16d0, 0x06b4): /* NuPrime Audio HD-AVP/AVA */
	case USB_ID(0x16d0, 0x0733): /* Furutech ADL Stratos */
	case USB_ID(0x16d0, 0x09d8): /* NuPrime IDA-8 */
	case USB_ID(0x16d0, 0x09db): /* NuPrime Audio DAC-9 */
	case USB_ID(0x16d0, 0x09dd): /* Encore mDSD */
	case USB_ID(0x16d0, 0x0ab1): /* PureAudio APA DAC */
	case USB_ID(0x16d0, 0xeca1): /* PureAudio Lotus DAC5, DAC5 SE, DAC5 Pro */
	case USB_ID(0x1db5, 0x0003): /* Bryston BDA3 */
	case USB_ID(0x20a0, 0x4143): /* WaveIO USB Audio 2.0 */
	case USB_ID(0x22e1, 0xca01): /* HDTA Serenade DSD */
	case USB_ID(0x249c, 0x9326): /* M2Tech Young MkIII */
	case USB_ID(0x2616, 0x0106): /* PS Audio NuWave DAC */
	case USB_ID(0x2622, 0x0041): /* Audiolab M-DAC+ */
	case USB_ID(0x2622, 0x0061): /* LEAK Stereo 230 */
	case USB_ID(0x278b, 0x5100): /* Rotel RC-1590 */
	case USB_ID(0x27f7, 0x3002): /* W4S DAC-2v2SE */
	case USB_ID(0x29a2, 0x0086): /* Mutec MC3+ USB */
	case USB_ID(0x6b42, 0x0042): /* MSB Technology */
		if (fp->altsetting == 3)
			return SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_DSD_U32_BE;
		break;

	/* Amanero Combo384 USB based DACs with native DSD support */
	case USB_ID(0x16d0, 0x071a):  /* Amanero - Combo384 */
		if (fp->altsetting == 2) {
			switch (le16_to_cpu(chip->dev->descriptor.bcdDevice)) {
			case 0x199:
				return SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_DSD_U32_LE;
			case 0x19b:
			case 0x203:
				return SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_DSD_U32_BE;
			default:
				break;
			}
		}
		break;
	case USB_ID(0x16d0, 0x0a23):
		if (fp->altsetting == 2)
			return SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_DSD_U32_BE;
		break;

	default:
		break;
	}

	/* ITF-USB DSD based DACs */
	if (chip->quirk_flags & QUIRK_FLAG_ITF_USB_DSD_DAC) {
		iface = usb_ifnum_to_if(chip->dev, fp->iface);

		/* Altsetting 2 support native DSD if the num of altsets is
		 * three (0-2),
		 * Altsetting 3 support native DSD if the num of altsets is
		 * four (0-3).
		 */
		if (fp->altsetting == iface->num_altsetting - 1)
			return SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_DSD_U32_BE;
	}

	/* Mostly generic method to detect many DSD-capable implementations */
	if ((chip->quirk_flags & QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW) && fp->dsd_raw)
		return SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_DSD_U32_BE;

	return 0;
}

void snd_usb_audioformat_attributes_quirk(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
					  struct audioformat *fp,
					  int stream)
{
	switch (chip->usb_id) {
	case USB_ID(0x0a92, 0x0053): /* AudioTrak Optoplay */
		/* Optoplay sets the sample rate attribute although
		 * it seems not supporting it in fact.
		 */
		fp->attributes &= ~UAC_EP_CS_ATTR_SAMPLE_RATE;
		break;
	case USB_ID(0x041e, 0x3020): /* Creative SB Audigy 2 NX */
	case USB_ID(0x0763, 0x2003): /* M-Audio Audiophile USB */
		/* doesn't set the sample rate attribute, but supports it */
		fp->attributes |= UAC_EP_CS_ATTR_SAMPLE_RATE;
		break;
	case USB_ID(0x0763, 0x2001):  /* M-Audio Quattro USB */
	case USB_ID(0x0763, 0x2012):  /* M-Audio Fast Track Pro USB */
	case USB_ID(0x047f, 0x0ca1): /* plantronics headset */
	case USB_ID(0x077d, 0x07af): /* Griffin iMic (note that there is
					an older model 77d:223) */
	/*
	 * plantronics headset and Griffin iMic have set adaptive-in
	 * although it's really not...
	 */
		fp->ep_attr &= ~USB_ENDPOINT_SYNCTYPE;
		if (stream == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK)
			fp->ep_attr |= USB_ENDPOINT_SYNC_ADAPTIVE;
		else
			fp->ep_attr |= USB_ENDPOINT_SYNC_SYNC;
		break;
	case USB_ID(0x07fd, 0x0004):  /* MOTU MicroBook IIc */
		/*
		 * MaxPacketsOnly attribute is erroneously set in endpoint
		 * descriptors. As a result this card produces noise with
		 * all sample rates other than 96 kHz.
		 */
		fp->attributes &= ~UAC_EP_CS_ATTR_FILL_MAX;
		break;
	case USB_ID(0x1224, 0x2a25):  /* Jieli Technology USB PHY 2.0 */
		/* mic works only when ep packet size is set to wMaxPacketSize */
		fp->attributes |= UAC_EP_CS_ATTR_FILL_MAX;
		break;
	case USB_ID(0x3511, 0x2b1e): /* Opencomm2 UC USB Bluetooth dongle */
		/* mic works only when ep pitch control is not set */
		if (stream == SNDRV_PCM_STREAM_CAPTURE)
			fp->attributes &= ~UAC_EP_CS_ATTR_PITCH_CONTROL;
		break;
	}
}

/*
 * driver behavior quirk flags
 */
struct usb_audio_quirk_flags_table {
	u32 id;
	u32 flags;
};

#define DEVICE_FLG(vid, pid, _flags) \
	{ .id = USB_ID(vid, pid), .flags = (_flags) }
#define VENDOR_FLG(vid, _flags) DEVICE_FLG(vid, 0, _flags)

static const struct usb_audio_quirk_flags_table quirk_flags_table[] = {
	/* Device matches */
	DEVICE_FLG(0x001f, 0x0b21, /* AB13X USB Audio */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_FORCE_IFACE_RESET | QUIRK_FLAG_IFACE_DELAY),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x03f0, 0x654a, /* HP 320 FHD Webcam */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE | QUIRK_FLAG_MIC_RES_16),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x041e, 0x3000, /* Creative SB Extigy */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_IGNORE_CTL_ERROR),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x041e, 0x4080, /* Creative Live Cam VF0610 */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x045e, 0x083c, /* MS USB Link headset */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY |
		   QUIRK_FLAG_DISABLE_AUTOSUSPEND),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x045e, 0x070f, /* MS LifeChat LX-3000 Headset */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_MIXER_PLAYBACK_MIN_MUTE),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x046d, 0x0807, /* Logitech Webcam C500 */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M | QUIRK_FLAG_MIC_RES_384),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x046d, 0x0808, /* Logitech Webcam C600 */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M | QUIRK_FLAG_MIC_RES_384),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x046d, 0x0809,
		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M | QUIRK_FLAG_MIC_RES_384),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x046d, 0x0819, /* Logitech Webcam C210 */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M | QUIRK_FLAG_MIC_RES_384),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x046d, 0x081b, /* HD Webcam c310 */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M | QUIRK_FLAG_MIC_RES_384),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x046d, 0x081d, /* HD Webcam c510 */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M | QUIRK_FLAG_MIC_RES_384),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x046d, 0x0825, /* HD Webcam c270 */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M | QUIRK_FLAG_MIC_RES_384),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x046d, 0x0826, /* HD Webcam c525 */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M | QUIRK_FLAG_MIC_RES_384),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x046d, 0x084c, /* Logitech ConferenceCam Connect */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x046d, 0x08ca, /* Logitech Quickcam Fusion */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M | QUIRK_FLAG_MIC_RES_384),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x046d, 0x0991, /* Logitech QuickCam Pro */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M | QUIRK_FLAG_IGNORE_CTL_ERROR |
		   QUIRK_FLAG_MIC_RES_384),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x046d, 0x09a2, /* QuickCam Communicate Deluxe/S7500 */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M | QUIRK_FLAG_MIC_RES_384),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x046d, 0x09a4, /* Logitech QuickCam E 3500 */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M | QUIRK_FLAG_IGNORE_CTL_ERROR),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x046d, 0x0a8f, /* Logitech H390 headset */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M |
		   QUIRK_FLAG_MIXER_PLAYBACK_MIN_MUTE),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x0499, 0x1506, /* Yamaha THR5 */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_GENERIC_IMPLICIT_FB),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x0499, 0x1509, /* Steinberg UR22 */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_GENERIC_IMPLICIT_FB),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x0499, 0x3108, /* Yamaha YIT-W12TX */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x04d8, 0xfeea, /* Benchmark DAC1 Pre */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x04e8, 0xa051, /* Samsung USBC Headset (AKG) */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_SKIP_CLOCK_SELECTOR | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_5M),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x0525, 0xa4ad, /* Hamedal C20 usb camero */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_IFACE_SKIP_CLOSE),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x054c, 0x0b8c, /* Sony WALKMAN NW-A45 DAC */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_SET_IFACE_FIRST),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x0556, 0x0014, /* Phoenix Audio TMX320VC */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x0572, 0x1b08, /* Conexant Systems (Rockwell), Inc. */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_MIXER_PLAYBACK_MIN_MUTE),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x0572, 0x1b09, /* Conexant Systems (Rockwell), Inc. */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_MIXER_PLAYBACK_MIN_MUTE),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x05a3, 0x9420, /* ELP HD USB Camera */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x05a7, 0x1020, /* Bose Companion 5 */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x05e1, 0x0408, /* Syntek STK1160 */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x05e1, 0x0480, /* Hauppauge Woodbury */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x0644, 0x8043, /* TEAC UD-501/UD-501V2/UD-503/NT-503 */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_ITF_USB_DSD_DAC | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY |
		   QUIRK_FLAG_IFACE_DELAY),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x0644, 0x8044, /* Esoteric D-05X */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_ITF_USB_DSD_DAC | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY |
		   QUIRK_FLAG_IFACE_DELAY | QUIRK_FLAG_FORCE_IFACE_RESET),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x0644, 0x804a, /* TEAC UD-301 */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_ITF_USB_DSD_DAC | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY |
		   QUIRK_FLAG_IFACE_DELAY),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x0644, 0x805f, /* TEAC Model 12 */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_FORCE_IFACE_RESET),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x0644, 0x806b, /* TEAC UD-701 */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_ITF_USB_DSD_DAC | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY |
		   QUIRK_FLAG_IFACE_DELAY | QUIRK_FLAG_FORCE_IFACE_RESET),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x0644, 0x807d, /* TEAC UD-507 */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_ITF_USB_DSD_DAC | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY |
		   QUIRK_FLAG_IFACE_DELAY | QUIRK_FLAG_FORCE_IFACE_RESET),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x0644, 0x806c, /* Esoteric XD */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_ITF_USB_DSD_DAC | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY |
		   QUIRK_FLAG_IFACE_DELAY | QUIRK_FLAG_FORCE_IFACE_RESET),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x0661, 0x0883, /* iBasso DC04 Ultra */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x06f8, 0xb000, /* Hercules DJ Console (Windows Edition) */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_IGNORE_CTL_ERROR),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x06f8, 0xd002, /* Hercules DJ Console (Macintosh Edition) */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_IGNORE_CTL_ERROR),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x0711, 0x5800, /* MCT Trigger 5 USB-to-HDMI */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x074d, 0x3553, /* Outlaw RR2150 (Micronas UAC3553B) */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x0763, 0x2030, /* M-Audio Fast Track C400 */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_GENERIC_IMPLICIT_FB),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x0763, 0x2031, /* M-Audio Fast Track C600 */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_GENERIC_IMPLICIT_FB),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x07fd, 0x000b, /* MOTU M Series 2nd hardware revision */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x08bb, 0x2702, /* LineX FM Transmitter */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_IGNORE_CTL_ERROR),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x0951, 0x16ad, /* Kingston HyperX */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x0b05, 0x18a6, /* ASUSTek Computer, Inc. */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_MIXER_CAPTURE_MIN_MUTE),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x0b0e, 0x0349, /* Jabra 550a */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x0bda, 0x498a, /* Realtek Semiconductor Corp. */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_MIXER_PLAYBACK_MIN_MUTE | QUIRK_FLAG_MIXER_CAPTURE_MIN_MUTE),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x0c45, 0x6340, /* Sonix HD USB Camera */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x0c45, 0x636b, /* Microdia JP001 USB Camera */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x0d8c, 0x000c, /* C-Media */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_MIXER_PLAYBACK_MIN_MUTE),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x0d8c, 0x0012, /* C-Media */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_MIXER_PLAYBACK_MIN_MUTE),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x0d8c, 0x0014, /* C-Media */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M | QUIRK_FLAG_MIXER_PLAYBACK_MIN_MUTE),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x0ecb, 0x205c, /* JBL Quantum610 Wireless */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_FIXED_RATE),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x0ecb, 0x2069, /* JBL Quantum810 Wireless */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_FIXED_RATE),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x0fd9, 0x0008, /* Hauppauge HVR-950Q */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x1038, 0x1294, /* SteelSeries Arctis Pro Wireless */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_MIXER_PLAYBACK_MIN_MUTE),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x1101, 0x0003, /* Audioengine D1 */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x12d1, 0x3a07, /* Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_MIXER_PLAYBACK_MIN_MUTE | QUIRK_FLAG_MIXER_CAPTURE_MIN_MUTE),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x1224, 0x2a25, /* Jieli Technology USB PHY 2.0 */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE | QUIRK_FLAG_MIC_RES_16),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x1395, 0x740a, /* Sennheiser DECT */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x1397, 0x0507, /* Behringer UMC202HD */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_PLAYBACK_FIRST | QUIRK_FLAG_GENERIC_IMPLICIT_FB),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x1397, 0x0508, /* Behringer UMC204HD */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_PLAYBACK_FIRST | QUIRK_FLAG_GENERIC_IMPLICIT_FB),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x1397, 0x0509, /* Behringer UMC404HD */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_PLAYBACK_FIRST | QUIRK_FLAG_GENERIC_IMPLICIT_FB),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x13e5, 0x0001, /* Serato Phono */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_IGNORE_CTL_ERROR),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x154e, 0x1002, /* Denon DCD-1500RE */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_ITF_USB_DSD_DAC | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x154e, 0x1003, /* Denon DA-300USB */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_ITF_USB_DSD_DAC | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x154e, 0x3005, /* Marantz HD-DAC1 */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_ITF_USB_DSD_DAC | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x154e, 0x3006, /* Marantz SA-14S1 */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_ITF_USB_DSD_DAC | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x154e, 0x300b, /* Marantz SA-KI RUBY / SA-12 */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x154e, 0x500e, /* Denon DN-X1600 */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_IGNORE_CLOCK_SOURCE),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x1686, 0x00dd, /* Zoom R16/24 */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_TX_LENGTH | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x16d0, 0x0ab1, /* PureAudio APA DAC */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x16d0, 0xeca1, /* PureAudio Lotus DAC5, DAC5 SE and DAC5 Pro */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x17aa, 0x1046, /* Lenovo ThinkStation P620 Rear Line-in, Line-out and Microphone */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_DISABLE_AUTOSUSPEND),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x17aa, 0x104d, /* Lenovo ThinkStation P620 Internal Speaker + Front Headset */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_DISABLE_AUTOSUSPEND),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x17ef, 0x3083, /* Lenovo TBT3 dock */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x1852, 0x5062, /* Luxman D-08u */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_ITF_USB_DSD_DAC | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x1852, 0x5065, /* Luxman DA-06 */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_ITF_USB_DSD_DAC | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x1901, 0x0191, /* GE B850V3 CP2114 audio interface */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x19f7, 0x0003, /* RODE NT-USB */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_MIXER_PLAYBACK_MIN_MUTE),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x19f7, 0x0035, /* RODE NT-USB+ */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x1bcf, 0x2281, /* HD Webcam */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE | QUIRK_FLAG_MIC_RES_16),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x1bcf, 0x2283, /* NexiGo N930AF FHD Webcam */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE | QUIRK_FLAG_MIC_RES_16),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x2040, 0x7200, /* Hauppauge HVR-950Q */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x2040, 0x7201, /* Hauppauge HVR-950Q-MXL */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x2040, 0x7210, /* Hauppauge HVR-950Q */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x2040, 0x7211, /* Hauppauge HVR-950Q-MXL */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x2040, 0x7213, /* Hauppauge HVR-950Q */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x2040, 0x7217, /* Hauppauge HVR-950Q */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x2040, 0x721b, /* Hauppauge HVR-950Q */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x2040, 0x721e, /* Hauppauge HVR-950Q */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x2040, 0x721f, /* Hauppauge HVR-950Q */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x2040, 0x7240, /* Hauppauge HVR-850 */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x2040, 0x7260, /* Hauppauge HVR-950Q */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x2040, 0x7270, /* Hauppauge HVR-950Q */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x2040, 0x7280, /* Hauppauge HVR-950Q */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x2040, 0x7281, /* Hauppauge HVR-950Q-MXL */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x2040, 0x8200, /* Hauppauge Woodbury */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE | QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x21b4, 0x0081, /* AudioQuest DragonFly */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x21b4, 0x0230, /* Ayre QB-9 Twenty */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x21b4, 0x0232, /* Ayre QX-5 Twenty */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x2522, 0x0007, /* LH Labs Geek Out HD Audio 1V5 */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_SET_IFACE_FIRST),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x262a, 0x9302, /* ddHiFi TC44C */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x2708, 0x0002, /* Audient iD14 */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_IGNORE_CTL_ERROR),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x2912, 0x30c8, /* Audioengine D1 */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x2a70, 0x1881, /* OnePlus Technology (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. BE02T */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_MIXER_PLAYBACK_MIN_MUTE | QUIRK_FLAG_MIXER_CAPTURE_MIN_MUTE),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x2b53, 0x0023, /* Fiero SC-01 (firmware v1.0.0 @ 48 kHz) */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_GENERIC_IMPLICIT_FB),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x2b53, 0x0024, /* Fiero SC-01 (firmware v1.0.0 @ 96 kHz) */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_GENERIC_IMPLICIT_FB),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x2b53, 0x0031, /* Fiero SC-01 (firmware v1.1.0) */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_GENERIC_IMPLICIT_FB),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x2d95, 0x8011, /* VIVO USB-C HEADSET */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x2d95, 0x8021, /* VIVO USB-C-XE710 HEADSET */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x2d99, 0x0026, /* HECATE G2 GAMING HEADSET */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_MIXER_PLAYBACK_MIN_MUTE),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x2fc6, 0xf06b, /* MOONDROP Moonriver2 Ti */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x2fc6, 0xf0b7, /* iBasso DC07 Pro */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x30be, 0x0101, /* Schiit Hel */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_IGNORE_CTL_ERROR),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x3255, 0x0000, /* Luxman D-10X */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_ITF_USB_DSD_DAC | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x339b, 0x3a07, /* Synaptics HONOR USB-C HEADSET */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_MIXER_PLAYBACK_MIN_MUTE),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x413c, 0xa506, /* Dell AE515 sound bar */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x534d, 0x0021, /* MacroSilicon MS2100/MS2106 */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),
	DEVICE_FLG(0x534d, 0x2109, /* MacroSilicon MS2109 */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_ALIGN_TRANSFER),

	/* Vendor matches */
	VENDOR_FLG(0x045e, /* MS Lifecam */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
	VENDOR_FLG(0x046d, /* Logitech */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M),
	VENDOR_FLG(0x047f, /* Plantronics */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE | QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY),
	VENDOR_FLG(0x0644, /* TEAC Corp. */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY | QUIRK_FLAG_IFACE_DELAY),
	VENDOR_FLG(0x07fd, /* MOTU */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_VALIDATE_RATES),
	VENDOR_FLG(0x1235, /* Focusrite Novation */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_VALIDATE_RATES),
	VENDOR_FLG(0x1511, /* AURALiC */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
	VENDOR_FLG(0x152a, /* Thesycon devices */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
	VENDOR_FLG(0x18d1, /* iBasso devices */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
	VENDOR_FLG(0x1de7, /* Phoenix Audio */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
	VENDOR_FLG(0x20b1, /* XMOS based devices */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
	VENDOR_FLG(0x21ed, /* Accuphase Laboratory */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
	VENDOR_FLG(0x22d9, /* Oppo */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
	VENDOR_FLG(0x23ba, /* Playback Design */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_CTL_MSG_DELAY | QUIRK_FLAG_IFACE_DELAY |
		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
	VENDOR_FLG(0x25ce, /* Mytek devices */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
	VENDOR_FLG(0x2622, /* IAG Limited devices */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
	VENDOR_FLG(0x2772, /* Musical Fidelity devices */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
	VENDOR_FLG(0x278b, /* Rotel? */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
	VENDOR_FLG(0x292b, /* Gustard/Ess based devices */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
	VENDOR_FLG(0x2972, /* FiiO devices */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
	VENDOR_FLG(0x2ab6, /* T+A devices */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
	VENDOR_FLG(0x2afd, /* McIntosh Laboratory, Inc. */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
	VENDOR_FLG(0x2d87, /* Cayin device */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
	VENDOR_FLG(0x2fc6, /* Comture-inc devices */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
	VENDOR_FLG(0x3336, /* HEM devices */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
	VENDOR_FLG(0x3353, /* Khadas devices */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
	VENDOR_FLG(0x35f4, /* MSB Technology */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
	VENDOR_FLG(0x3842, /* EVGA */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),
	VENDOR_FLG(0xc502, /* HiBy devices */
		   QUIRK_FLAG_DSD_RAW),

	{} /* terminator */
};

#define QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(x) \
	[QUIRK_TYPE_ ## x] = __stringify(x)

static const char *const snd_usb_audio_quirk_flag_names[] = {
	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(GET_SAMPLE_RATE),
	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(SHARE_MEDIA_DEVICE),
	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(ALIGN_TRANSFER),
	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(TX_LENGTH),
	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(PLAYBACK_FIRST),
	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(SKIP_CLOCK_SELECTOR),
	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(IGNORE_CLOCK_SOURCE),
	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(ITF_USB_DSD_DAC),
	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(CTL_MSG_DELAY),
	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(CTL_MSG_DELAY_1M),
	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(CTL_MSG_DELAY_5M),
	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(IFACE_DELAY),
	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(VALIDATE_RATES),
	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(DISABLE_AUTOSUSPEND),
	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(IGNORE_CTL_ERROR),
	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(DSD_RAW),
	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(SET_IFACE_FIRST),
	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(GENERIC_IMPLICIT_FB),
	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(SKIP_IMPLICIT_FB),
	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(IFACE_SKIP_CLOSE),
	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(FORCE_IFACE_RESET),
	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(FIXED_RATE),
	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(MIC_RES_16),
	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(MIC_RES_384),
	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(MIXER_PLAYBACK_MIN_MUTE),
	QUIRK_STRING_ENTRY(MIXER_CAPTURE_MIN_MUTE),
	NULL
};

const char *snd_usb_quirk_flag_find_name(unsigned long index)
{
	if (index >= ARRAY_SIZE(snd_usb_audio_quirk_flag_names))
		return NULL;

	return snd_usb_audio_quirk_flag_names[index];
}

u32 snd_usb_quirk_flags_from_name(const char *name)
{
	int i;

	if (!name || !*name)
		return 0;

	for (i = 0; snd_usb_audio_quirk_flag_names[i]; i++) {
		if (strcasecmp(name, snd_usb_audio_quirk_flag_names[i]) == 0)
			return BIT_U32(i);
	}

	return 0;
}

void snd_usb_apply_flag_dbg(const char *reason,
			    struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
			    unsigned long flag)
{
	unsigned long bit;

	for_each_set_bit(bit, &flag, BYTES_TO_BITS(sizeof(flag))) {
		const char *name = snd_usb_audio_quirk_flag_names[bit];

		if (name)
			usb_audio_dbg(chip,
				      "From %s apply quirk flag %s for device %04x:%04x\n",
				      reason, name, USB_ID_VENDOR(chip->usb_id),
				      USB_ID_PRODUCT(chip->usb_id));
		else
			usb_audio_warn(chip,
				       "From %s apply unknown quirk flag 0x%lx for device %04x:%04x\n",
				       reason, bit, USB_ID_VENDOR(chip->usb_id),
				       USB_ID_PRODUCT(chip->usb_id));
	}
}

void snd_usb_init_quirk_flags_table(struct snd_usb_audio *chip)
{
	const struct usb_audio_quirk_flags_table *p;

	for (p = quirk_flags_table; p->id; p++) {
		if (chip->usb_id == p->id ||
		    (!USB_ID_PRODUCT(p->id) &&
		     USB_ID_VENDOR(chip->usb_id) == USB_ID_VENDOR(p->id))) {
			snd_usb_apply_flag_dbg("builtin table", chip, p->flags);
			chip->quirk_flags |= p->flags;
			return;
		}
	}
}

void snd_usb_init_quirk_flags_parse_string(struct snd_usb_audio *chip,
					   const char *str)
{
	u16 chip_vid = USB_ID_VENDOR(chip->usb_id);
	u16 chip_pid = USB_ID_PRODUCT(chip->usb_id);
	u32 mask_flags, unmask_flags, bit;
	char *p, *field, *flag;
	bool is_unmask;
	u16 vid, pid;

	char *val __free(kfree) = kstrdup(str, GFP_KERNEL);

	if (!val)
		return;

	for (p = val; p && *p;) {
		/* Each entry consists of VID:PID:flags */
		field = strsep(&p, ":");
		if (!field)
			break;

		if (strcmp(field, "*") == 0)
			vid = 0;
		else if (kstrtou16(field, 16, &vid))
			break;

		field = strsep(&p, ":");
		if (!field)
			break;

		if (strcmp(field, "*") == 0)
			pid = 0;
		else if (kstrtou16(field, 16, &pid))
			break;

		field = strsep(&p, ";");
		if (!field || !*field)
			break;

		if ((vid != 0 && vid != chip_vid) ||
		    (pid != 0 && pid != chip_pid))
			continue;

		/* Collect the flags */
		mask_flags = 0;
		unmask_flags = 0;
		while (field && *field) {
			flag = strsep(&field, "|");

			if (!flag)
				break;

			if (*flag == '!') {
				is_unmask = true;
				flag++;
			} else {
				is_unmask = false;
			}

			if (!kstrtou32(flag, 16, &bit)) {
				if (is_unmask)
					unmask_flags |= bit;
				else
					mask_flags |= bit;

				break;
			}

			bit = snd_usb_quirk_flags_from_name(flag);

			if (bit) {
				if (is_unmask)
					unmask_flags |= bit;
				else
					mask_flags |= bit;
			} else {
				pr_warn("snd_usb_audio: unknown flag %s while parsing param quirk_flags\n",
					flag);
			}
		}

		chip->quirk_flags &= ~unmask_flags;
		chip->quirk_flags |= mask_flags;
		snd_usb_apply_flag_dbg("module param", chip,
				       chip->quirk_flags);
	}
}