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# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. # FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR. # #, fuzzy msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2026-05-09 23:29+0100\n" "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" "Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n" "Language-Team: LANGUAGE <[email protected]>\n" "Language: \n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" #. type: YAML Front Matter: description #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1 #, no-wrap msgid "Guide about how to install FreeBSD, the minimum hardware requirements and supported architectures, how to create the installation media, etc" msgstr "" #. type: YAML Front Matter: part #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1 #, no-wrap msgid "Part I. Getting Started" msgstr "" #. type: YAML Front Matter: title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1 #, no-wrap msgid "Chapter 2. Installing FreeBSD" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:15 #, no-wrap msgid "Installing FreeBSD" msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:53 #, no-wrap msgid "Synopsis" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:57 msgid "" "FreeBSD supports different architectures including amd64, ARM(R), RISC-V(R), " "and PowerPC(R). Depending on the architecture and platform, different " "images can be link:https://www.freebsd.org/where/[downloaded] to install or " "directly run FreeBSD." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:59 msgid "The image types are:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:61 msgid "" "Virtual Machine disk images, such as `qcow2`, `vmdk`, `vhd`, and raw device " "images. These are not installation images, but images that have FreeBSD " "preinstalled and ready for post-installation tasks. Virtual machine images " "are also commonly used in cloud environments." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:62 msgid "" "SD card images, for embedded systems such as Raspberry Pi. These files must " "be uncompressed and written as a raw image to an SD card, from which the " "board will boot." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:63 msgid "" "Installation images to boot from an ISO or USB device to install FreeBSD on " "a drive for the usual desktop, laptop, or server system." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:66 msgid "" "The rest of this chapter describes the third case, explaining how to install " "FreeBSD using the text-based installation program named bsdinstall. There " "may be minor differences between the installer and what is shown here, so " "use this chapter as a general guide rather than as a set of literal " "instructions." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:68 msgid "Read this chapter to learn:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:70 msgid "How to obtain FreeBSD images and create FreeBSD installation media." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:71 msgid "How to start bsdinstall." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:72 msgid "" "The questions bsdinstall will ask, what they mean, and how to answer them." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:73 msgid "How to troubleshoot a failed installation." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:74 msgid "" "How to access a live version of FreeBSD before committing to an installation." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:76 #, no-wrap msgid "Minimum Hardware Requirements" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:81 msgid "" "The hardware requirements to install FreeBSD vary by architecture and " "version. Hardware architectures and devices supported by a FreeBSD release " "are listed on the link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/[FreeBSD Release " "Information] page. The link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/where/[FreeBSD download " "page] also has recommendations for choosing the correct image for different " "architectures." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:83 #, no-wrap msgid "Pre-Installation Tasks" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:86 msgid "" "Once it has been determined that the system meets the minimum hardware " "requirements for installing FreeBSD, the installation file should be " "downloaded and the installation media prepared." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:90 msgid "" "Consider using crossref:virtualization[virtualization,virtualization] when " "wanting to use FreeBSD on a system that already has another operating system " "installed." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:93 msgid "" "Before moving on to the installation, check that the system is ready by " "verifying the items in this checklist:" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:97 #, no-wrap msgid "*Back Up Important Data*\n" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:103 msgid "" "Before installing any operating system, *always* backup all important data " "first. Do not store the backup on the system being installed. Instead, " "save the data to a removable disk such as a USB drive, another system on the " "network, or an online backup service. Test the backup before starting the " "installation to make sure it contains all of the needed files. Once the " "installer formats the system's disk, all data stored on that disk will be " "lost." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:104 #, no-wrap msgid "*Decide Where to Install FreeBSD*\n" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:107 msgid "" "If FreeBSD will be the only operating system installed, this step can be " "skipped. But if FreeBSD will share the disk with another operating system, " "decide which disk or partition will be used for FreeBSD." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:114 msgid "" "In the i386 and amd64 architectures, disks can be divided into multiple " "partitions using one of two partitioning schemes. A traditional _Master " "Boot Record_ (MBR) holds a partition table defining up to four _primary " "partitions_. For historical reasons, FreeBSD calls these primary partition " "_slices_. One of these primary partitions can be made into an _extended " "partition_ containing multiple _logical partitions_. The _GUID Partition " "Table_ (GPT) is a newer and simpler method of partitioning a disk. Common " "GPT implementations allow up to 128 partitions per disk, eliminating the " "need for logical partitions." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:118 msgid "" "The FreeBSD boot loader requires either a primary or GPT partition. If all " "of the primary or GPT partitions are already in use, one must be freed for " "FreeBSD. To create a partition without deleting existing data, use a " "partition resizing tool to shrink an existing partition and create a new " "partition using the freed space." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:120 msgid "" "An alternative to modifying the system's existing disk partitions is to use " "crossref:virtualization[virtualization,virtualization], which allows " "multiple operating systems to run at the same time without having to alter " "partitions." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:123 msgid "" "A variety of free and commercial partition resizing tools are listed at " "link:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_disk_partitioning_software[List " "of disk partitioning software wikipedia entry]. link:https://gparted.org/" "livecd.php[GParted Live] is a free live CD which includes the GParted " "partition editor." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 6 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:128 msgid "" "When used properly, disk shrinking utilities can safely create space for " "creating a new partition. Since the possibility of selecting the wrong " "partition exists, always backup any important data and verify the integrity " "of the backup before modifying disk partitions." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:131 msgid "" "Disk partitions containing different operating systems make it possible to " "install multiple operating systems on one computer." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:132 #, no-wrap msgid "*Collect Network Information*\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:135 msgid "" "Some FreeBSD installation methods require a network connection in order to " "download the installation files. After any installation, the installer will " "offer to setup the system's network interfaces." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:138 msgid "" "If the network has a DHCP server, it can be used to provide automatic " "network configuration. If DHCP is not available, the following network " "information for the system must be obtained from the local network " "administrator or Internet service provider:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:141 msgid "Required Network Information" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:143 msgid "IP address" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:144 msgid "Subnet mask" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:145 msgid "IP address of default gateway" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:146 msgid "Domain name of the network" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:147 msgid "IP addresses of the network's DNS servers" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:149 #, no-wrap msgid "*Check for FreeBSD Errata*\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:154 msgid "" "Although the FreeBSD Project strives to ensure that each release of FreeBSD " "is as stable as possible, bugs occasionally creep into the process. On very " "rare occasions those bugs affect the installation process. As these " "problems are discovered and fixed, they are noted in the FreeBSD Errata page " "of each version. Check the errata before installing to make sure that there " "are no problems that might affect the installation." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:156 msgid "" "Information and errata for all the releases can be found on the link:https://" "www.FreeBSD.org/releases/[FreeBSD Release Information] page." msgstr "" #. type: Title === #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:159 #, no-wrap msgid "Prepare the Installation Media" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:163 msgid "" "The FreeBSD installer is not an application that can be run from within " "another operating system. Instead, download a FreeBSD installation file, " "burn it to the media associated with its file type and size (CD, DVD, or " "USB), and boot the system to install from the inserted media." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:166 msgid "" "FreeBSD installation files are available at the link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/" "where/[FreeBSD download page]. Each installation file's name includes the " "release version of FreeBSD, the architecture, and the type of file." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:169 msgid "" "Installation files are available in several formats, compressed with " "man:xz[1] or uncompressed. The formats vary depending on computer " "architecture and media type." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:171 msgid "Installation file types:" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:173 msgid "" "`*-bootonly.iso*`: This is the smallest installation file as it only " "contains the installer. A working Internet connection is required during " "installation as the installer will download the files it needs to complete " "the FreeBSD installation. This file should be burned to optical media." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:174 msgid "" "`*-disc1.iso*`: This file contains all of the files needed to install " "FreeBSD, its source, and the Ports Collection. This file should be burned to " "optical media." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:175 msgid "" "`*-dvd1.iso*`: This file contains all of the files needed to install " "FreeBSD, its source, and the Ports Collection. It also contains a set of " "popular binary packages for installing a window manager and some " "applications so that a complete system can be installed from media without " "requiring a connection to the Internet. This file should be burned to " "optical media." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:178 msgid "" "`*-memstick.img*`: This file contains all of the files needed to install " "FreeBSD, its source, and the Ports Collection. Write this file to a USB " "stick as shown in crossref:bsdinstall[bsdinstall-usb, Writing an Image File " "to USB]." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:182 msgid "" "`*-mini-memstick.img*`: Like `*-bootonly.iso*`, does not include " "installation files, but downloads them as needed. A working internet " "connection is required during installation. It should be written to a USB " "stick as shown in crossref:bsdinstall[bsdinstall-usb, Writing an Image File " "to USB]." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:186 msgid "" "After downloading the image file, download at least one _checksum_ file from " "the same directory. There are two _checksum_ files available, named after " "the release number and the architecture name. For example: `CHECKSUM.SHA256-" "FreeBSD-{rel-latest}-RELEASE-amd64` and `CHECKSUM.SHA512-FreeBSD-{rel-" "latest}-RELEASE-amd64`." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:191 msgid "" "After downloading one of the files (or both), calculate the _checksum_ for " "the image file and compare it with the one shown in the _checksum_ file. " "Note that comparing the calculated _checksum_ against the correct file is " "needed, as they correspond to two different algorithms: SHA256 and SHA512. " "FreeBSD provides man:sha256[1] and man:sha512[1] that can be used for " "calculating the _checksum_. Other operating systems have similar programs." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:193 msgid "" "Verifying the _checksum_ in FreeBSD can be done automatically using " "man:sha256sum[1] (and man:sha512sum[1]) by executing:" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:198 #, no-wrap msgid "" "% sha256sum -c CHECKSUM.SHA256-FreeBSD-{rel-latest}-RELEASE-amd64 --ignore-missing\n" "FreeBSD-{rel-latest}-RELEASE-amd64-dvd1.iso: OK\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:202 msgid "" "The checksums must match exactly. If the checksums do not match, the image " "file is corrupt and must be downloaded again." msgstr "" #. type: Title ==== #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:204 #, no-wrap msgid "Writing an Image File to USB" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:210 msgid "" "The `\\*memstick.img` file is an _image_ of the complete contents of a " "memory stick. It _cannot_ be copied to the target device as a file. " "Several applications are available for writing the `*.img` to a USB stick. " "This section describes two of these utilities." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:215 msgid "" "Before proceeding, back up any important data on the USB stick. This " "procedure will erase the existing data on the stick." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:221 #, no-wrap msgid "*Procedure. Using `dd` to write the image* +\n" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 6 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:226 msgid "" "This example uses `/dev/da0` as the target device where the image will be " "written. Be *very careful* that the correct device is used as this command " "will destroy the existing data on the specified target device." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:229 msgid "" "The command-line utility is available on BSD, Linux(R), and Mac OS(R) " "systems. To burn the image using `dd`, insert the USB stick and determine " "its device name. Then, specify the name of the downloaded installation file " "and the device name for the USB stick. This example burns the amd64 " "installation image to the first USB device on an existing FreeBSD system." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:233 #, no-wrap msgid "# dd if=FreeBSD-{rel-latest}-RELEASE-amd64-memstick.img of=/dev/da0 bs=1M conv=sync\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:236 msgid "" "If this command fails, verify that the USB stick is not mounted and that the " "device name is for the disk, not a partition." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:241 msgid "" "Some operating systems might require this command to be run with " "man:sudo[8]. The man:dd[1] syntax varies slightly across different " "platforms; for example, Mac OS(R) requires a lower-case `bs=1m`. Systems " "like Linux(R) might buffer writes. To force all writes to complete, use " "man:sync[8]." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:246 #, no-wrap msgid "*Procedure. Using Windows(R) to Write the Image* +\n" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 6 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:250 msgid "" "Be sure to give the correct drive letter as the existing data on the " "specified drive will be overwritten and destroyed." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:253 #, no-wrap msgid "*Obtaining Image Writer for Windows(R)*\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:256 msgid "" "Image Writer for Windows(R) is a free application that can correctly write " "an image file to a memory stick. Download it from https://sourceforge.net/" "projects/win32diskimager/[win32diskimager home page] and extract it into a " "folder." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:258 #, no-wrap msgid "*Writing the Image with Image Writer*\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:265 msgid "" "Double-click the Win32DiskImager icon to start the program. Verify that the " "drive letter shown under `Device` is the drive with the memory stick. Click " "the folder icon and select the image to be written to the memory stick. " "Click btn:[Save] to accept the image file name. Verify that everything is " "correct, and that no folders on the memory stick are open in other windows. " "When everything is ready, click btn:[Write] to write the image file to the " "memory stick." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:268 #, no-wrap msgid "Starting the Installation" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:273 msgid "" "By default, the installation will not make any changes to the disk(s) before " "the following message:" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:280 #, no-wrap msgid "" "Your changes will now be written to disk. If you\n" "have chosen to overwrite existing data, it will\n" "be PERMANENTLY ERASED. Are you sure you want to\n" "commit your changes?\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:284 msgid "" "The install can be exited at any time prior to this warning. If there is a " "concern that something is incorrectly configured, just turn the computer off " "before this point and no changes will be made to the system's disks." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:292 msgid "" "This section describes how to boot the system from the installation media " "which was prepared using the instructions in crossref:bsdinstall[bsdinstall-" "installation-media, Prepare the Installation Media]. When using a bootable " "USB stick, plug in the USB stick before turning on the computer. When " "booting from CD or DVD, turn on the computer and insert the media at the " "first opportunity. How to configure the system to boot from the inserted " "media depends upon the architecture." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:294 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:299 #, no-wrap msgid "FreeBSD Boot Loader Menu" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:297 msgid "" "Once the system boots from the installation media, a menu similar to the " "following will be displayed:" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:300 #, no-wrap msgid "FreeBSD boot loader menu" msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:300 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-newboot-loader-menu.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:306 msgid "" "By default, the menu will wait ten seconds for user input before booting " "into the FreeBSD installer or, if FreeBSD is already installed, before " "booting into FreeBSD. To pause the boot timer in order to review the " "selections, press kbd:[Space]. To select an option, press its highlighted " "number, character, or key. The following options are available." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:308 msgid "" "`Boot Multi User`: This will continue the FreeBSD boot process. If the boot " "timer has been paused, press kbd:[1], upper- or lower-case kbd:[B], or kbd:" "[Enter]." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:309 msgid "" "`Boot Single User`: This mode can be used to fix an existing FreeBSD " "installation as described in crossref:boot[boot-singleuser,“Single-User " "Mode”]. Press kbd:[2] or the upper- or lower-case kbd:[S] to enter this mode." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:310 msgid "" "`Escape to loader prompt`: This will boot the system into a repair prompt " "that contains a limited number of low-level commands. This prompt is " "described in crossref:boot[boot-loader,“Stage Three”]. Press kbd:[3] or kbd:" "[Esc] to boot into this prompt." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:311 msgid "`Reboot`: Reboots the system." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:312 msgid "" "`Cons`: Allow to continue the installation by `video`, `serial`, `Dual " "(serial primary)` or `Dual (Video primary)`" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:313 msgid "`Kernel`: Loads a different kernel." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:315 msgid "" "`Boot Options`: Opens the menu shown in, and described under, " "crossref:bsdinstall[bsdinstall-boot-options-menu,FreeBSD Boot Options Menu]." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:317 #, no-wrap msgid "FreeBSD Boot Options Menu" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:318 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu showing the different boot options supported" msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:318 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-boot-options-menu.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:322 msgid "" "The boot options menu is divided into two sections. The first section can " "be used to either return to the main boot menu or to reset any toggled " "options back to their defaults." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:326 msgid "" "The next section is used to toggle the available options to `On` or `Off` by " "pressing the option's highlighted number or character. The system will " "always boot using the settings for these options until they are modified. " "Several options can be toggled using this menu:" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:328 msgid "" "`ACPI`: If the system hangs during boot, try toggling this option to `Off`. " "This option is only present when ACPI support is available but not required." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:329 msgid "" "`Safe Mode`: If the system still hangs during boot even with `ACPI Support` " "set to `Off`, try setting this option to `On`." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:330 msgid "" "`Single User`: Toggle this option to `On` to fix an existing FreeBSD " "installation as described in crossref:boot[boot-singleuser,“Single-User " "Mode”]. Once the problem is fixed, set it back to `Off`." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:331 msgid "" "`Verbose`: Toggle this option to `On` to see more detailed messages during " "the boot process. This can be useful when troubleshooting a piece of " "hardware." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:336 msgid "" "After making the needed selections, press kbd:[1] or kbd:[Backspace] to " "return to the main boot menu, then press kbd:[Enter] to continue booting " "into FreeBSD. A series of boot messages will appear as FreeBSD carries out " "its hardware device probes and loads the installation program. Once the " "boot is complete, the welcome menu shown in crossref:bsdinstall[bsdinstall-" "choose-mode,Welcome Menu] will be displayed." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:338 #, no-wrap msgid "Welcome Menu" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:339 #, no-wrap msgid "FreeBSD installation welcome menu" msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:339 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-choose-mode.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:347 msgid "" "Press kbd:[Enter] to select the default of btn:[Install] to enter the " "installer. The rest of this chapter describes how to use this installer. " "Otherwise, use the right or left arrows or the colorized letter to select " "the desired menu item. The btn:[Shell] can be used to access a FreeBSD " "shell in order to use command line utilities to prepare the disks before " "installation. The btn:[Live CD] option can be used to try out FreeBSD " "before installing it. The live version is described in " "crossref:bsdinstall[using-live-cd, Using the Live CD]." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:353 msgid "" "To review the boot messages, including the hardware device probe, press the " "upper- or lower-case kbd:[S] and then kbd:[Enter] to access a shell. At the " "shell prompt, type `more /var/run/dmesg.boot` and use the space bar to " "scroll through the messages. When finished, type `exit` to return to the " "welcome menu." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:356 #, no-wrap msgid "Using bsdinstall" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:361 msgid "" "This section shows the order of the bsdinstall menus and the type of " "information that will be asked before the system is installed. Use the " "arrow keys to highlight a menu option, then kbd:[Space] to select or " "deselect that menu item. When finished, press kbd:[Enter] to save the " "selection and move onto the next screen." msgstr "" #. type: Title === #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:363 #, no-wrap msgid "Selecting the Keymap Menu" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:367 msgid "" "Before starting the process, bsdinstall will load the keymap files as shown " "in crossref:bsdinstall[bsdinstall-keymap-loading,Keymap Loading]." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:369 #, no-wrap msgid "Keymap Loading" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:370 #, no-wrap msgid "Keymap loading" msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:370 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-keymap-loading.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:376 msgid "" "After the keymaps have been loaded, bsdinstall displays the menu shown in " "crossref:bsdinstall[bsdinstall-keymap-10,Keymap Selection Menu]. Use the up " "and down arrows to select the keymap that most closely represents the " "mapping of the keyboard attached to the system. Press kbd:[Enter] to save " "the selection." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:378 #, no-wrap msgid "Keymap Selection Menu" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:379 #, no-wrap msgid "Keymap selection menu showing all supported keyboards" msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:379 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-keymap-10.png" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:385 msgid "" "Pressing kbd:[Esc] will exit this menu and use the default keymap. If the " "choice of keymap is not clear, [.guimenuitem]#United States of America " "ISO-8859-1# is also a safe option." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:390 msgid "" "In addition, when selecting a different keymap, the user can try the keymap " "and ensure it is correct before proceeding, as shown in " "crossref:bsdinstall[bsdinstall-keymap-testing,Keymap Testing Menu]." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:392 #, no-wrap msgid "Keymap Testing Menu" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:393 #, no-wrap msgid "Keymap testing menu" msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:393 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-keymap-testing.png" msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:396 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:401 #, no-wrap msgid "Setting the Hostname" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:399 msgid "" "The next bsdinstall menu is used to set the hostname for the newly installed " "system." msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:402 #, no-wrap msgid "Setting the hostname" msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:402 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-config-hostname.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:406 msgid "" "Type in a hostname that is unique for the network. It should be a fully-" "qualified hostname, such as `machine3.example.com`." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:408 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:413 #, no-wrap msgid "Selecting Installation Type" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:411 msgid "" "In the next menu bsdinstall will ask whether to install the base system " "using traditional distribution sets or the new package-based method." msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:414 #, no-wrap msgid "Choice between \"Distribution Sets\" and \"Packages (Tech Preview)\"" msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:414 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-distributions-sets-pkgbase.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:418 msgid "" "Starting with FreeBSD 15.0, the installer offers two distinct approaches for " "laying down and later updating the base system. Both options install the " "same kernel and userland but differ fundamentally in how they are delivered " "and maintained over time." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:423 msgid "" "`Distribution Sets` - The classic installation method used since the early " "days of the project. The base system is unpacked from a collection of " "compressed tarballs. Updates are performed exclusively with the man:freebsd-" "update[8] utility. This method is fully supported, stable, and remains the " "default for most installation media in the 15.x series." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:427 msgid "" "`Packages (Tech Preview)` - Installs the base system as a set of individual " "packages from the `FreeBSD-base` repository. Once installed, the entire " "operating system—both the base and any third-party software—can be upgraded " "with a single `pkg upgrade` command. This method, known as `pkgbase`, " "unifies system management under the man:pkg[8] framework." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:432 msgid "" "The `Packages (Tech Preview)` option is offered for testing and early " "adoption. While it is expected to become the default in FreeBSD 16.0, users " "who prefer a conservative, time-tested update solution should select " "`Distribution Sets` for production environments during the 15.x lifecycle." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:435 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:440 #, no-wrap msgid "Selecting Components to Install" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:438 msgid "Next, bsdinstall will prompt to select optional components to install." msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:441 #, no-wrap msgid "Different components that can be installed. Example: base-dbg" msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:441 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-config-components.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:446 msgid "" "Deciding which components to install will depend largely on the intended use " "of the system and the amount of disk space available. The FreeBSD kernel " "and userland, collectively known as the _base system_, are always " "installed. Depending on the architecture, some of these components may not " "appear:" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:448 msgid "" "`base-dbg` - Base tools like cat and ls, among many others, with debug " "symbols activated." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:449 msgid "`kernel-dbg` - Kernel and modules with debug symbols activated." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:450 msgid "" "`lib32-dbg` - Compatibility libraries for running 32-bit applications on a " "64-bit version of FreeBSD with debug symbols activated." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:451 msgid "" "`lib32` - Compatibility libraries for running 32-bit applications on a 64-" "bit version of FreeBSD." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:452 msgid "" "`ports` - The FreeBSD Ports Collection is a collection of files which " "automates the downloading, compiling and installation of third-party " "software packages. crossref:ports[ports,Installing Applications: Packages " "and Ports] discusses how to use the Ports Collection." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:458 msgid "" "The installation program does not check for adequate disk space. Select " "this option only if sufficient hard disk space is available. The FreeBSD " "Ports Collection takes up about {ports-size} of disk space." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:461 msgid "" "`src` - The complete FreeBSD source code for both the kernel and the " "userland. Although not required for the majority of applications, it may be " "required to build device drivers, kernel modules, or some applications from " "the Ports Collection. It is also used for developing FreeBSD itself. The " "full source tree requires 1 GB of disk space and recompiling the entire " "FreeBSD system requires an additional 5 GB of space." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:462 msgid "`tests` - FreeBSD Test Suite." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:464 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:472 #, no-wrap msgid "Installing from the Network" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:470 msgid "" "The menu shown in crossref:bsdinstall[bsdinstall-netinstall-" "notify,Installing from the Network] only appears when installing from a `-" "bootonly.iso` or `-mini-memstick.img`, as this installation media does not " "hold copies of the installation files. Since the installation files must be " "retrieved over a network connection, this menu indicates that the network " "interface must be configured first. If this menu is shown in any step of " "the process, remember to follow the instructions in " "crossref:bsdinstall[bsdinstall-config-network-dev, Configuring Network " "Interfaces]." msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:473 #, no-wrap msgid "Indicates that certain components have not been found and will be downloaded using the network." msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:473 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-netinstall-files.png" msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:476 #, no-wrap msgid "Allocating Disk Space" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:479 msgid "" "The next menu is used to determine the method for allocating disk space." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:481 #, no-wrap msgid "Partitioning Choices" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:482 #, no-wrap msgid "Shows the different partition options. Example: Manual" msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:482 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-zfs-partmenu.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:485 msgid "bsdinstall gives the user four methods for allocating disk space:" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:487 msgid "" "`Auto (ZFS)` partitioning creates a root-on-ZFS system with optional GELI " "encryption support for _boot environments_." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:488 msgid "" "`Auto (UFS)` partitioning automatically sets up the disk partitions using " "the `UFS` file system." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:489 msgid "" "`Manual` partitioning allows advanced users to create customized partitions " "from menu options." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:490 msgid "" "`Shell` opens a shell prompt where advanced users can create customized " "partitions using command-line utilities like man:gpart[8], man:fdisk[8], and " "man:bsdlabel[8]." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:493 msgid "" "This section describes what to consider when laying out the disk " "partitions. It then demonstrates how to use the different partitioning " "methods." msgstr "" #. type: Title === #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:495 #, no-wrap msgid "Designing the Partition Layout" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:502 msgid "" "The default partition layout for file systems includes one file system for " "the entire system. When using `UFS` it may be worth considering the use of " "multiple file systems with sufficient disk space or multiple disks " "available. When laying out file systems, remember that hard drives transfer " "data faster from the outer tracks to the inner. Thus, smaller and heavier-" "accessed file systems should be closer to the outside of the drive, while " "larger partitions like `/usr` should be placed toward the inner parts of the " "disk. It is a good idea to create partitions in an order similar to: `/`, " "swap, `/var`, and `/usr`." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:507 msgid "" "The size of the `/var` partition reflects the intended machine's usage. " "This partition is used to hold mailboxes, log files, and printer spools. " "Mailboxes and log files can grow to unexpected sizes depending on the number " "of users and how long log files are kept. On average, most users rarely " "need more than about a gigabyte of free disk space in `/var`." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:513 msgid "" "Sometimes, a lot of disk space is required in `/var/tmp`. When new software " "is installed, the packaging tools extract a temporary copy of the packages " "under `/var/tmp`. Large software packages, like Firefox or LibreOffice may " "be tricky to install if there is not enough disk space under `/var/tmp`." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:519 msgid "" "The `/usr` partition holds many of the files which support the system, " "including the FreeBSD Ports Collection and system source code. At least 2 " "gigabytes of space is recommended for this partition. Also, note that home " "directories for users are placed in `/usr/home` by default, but can be " "placed on another partition. By default, `/home` is a symbolic link to `/" "usr/home`." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:522 msgid "" "When selecting partition sizes, keep the space requirements in mind. " "Running out of space in one partition while barely using another can be a " "hassle." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:526 msgid "" "As a rule of thumb, the swap partition should be about double the size of " "physical memory (RAM). Systems with minimal RAM (less for larger-memory " "configurations) may perform better with more swap. Configuring too little " "swap can lead to inefficiencies in the VM page scanning code and might " "create issues later if more memory is added." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:534 msgid "" "On larger systems with multiple SCSI disks or multiple IDE disks operating " "on different controllers, it is recommended that swap be configured on each " "drive, up to four drives. The swap partitions should be approximately the " "same size. The kernel can handle arbitrary sizes, but internal data " "structures scale to 4 times the largest swap partition. Keeping the swap " "partitions near the same size will allow the kernel to optimally stripe swap " "space across disks. Large swap sizes may elicit a kernel warning message " "about the total configured swap. The limit is raised by increasing the " "amount of memory allowed for keeping track of swap allocations, as " "instructed by the warning message. It might be easier to recover from a " "runaway program before being forced to reboot." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:538 msgid "" "By properly partitioning a system, fragmentation introduced in the smaller " "write-heavy partitions will not bleed over into the mostly read partitions. " "Keeping the write-loaded partitions closer to the disk's edge will increase " "I/O performance in the partitions where it occurs the most. While I/O " "performance in the larger partitions may be needed, shifting them more " "toward the edge of the disk will not lead to a significant performance " "improvement over moving `/var` to the edge." msgstr "" #. type: Title === #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:540 #, no-wrap msgid "Guided Partitioning Using UFS" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:544 msgid "" "When this method is selected, a menu will display the available disk(s). If " "multiple disks are connected, choose the one where FreeBSD is to be " "installed." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:546 #, no-wrap msgid "Selecting from Multiple Disks" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:547 #, no-wrap msgid "Shows the list of disks on which FreeBSD can be installed" msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:547 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-part-guided-disk.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:552 msgid "" "Once the disk is selected, the next menu prompts to install to either the " "entire disk or to create a partition using free space. If btn:[Entire Disk] " "is chosen, a general partition layout filling the whole disk is " "automatically created. Selecting btn:[Partition] creates a partition layout " "from the unused space on the disk." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:554 #, no-wrap msgid "Selecting Entire Disk or Partition" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:555 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu asking the user if he wants to use all the available space on the disk or wants to make a partition" msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:555 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-part-entire-part.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:562 msgid "" "The next menu shows a list with the available partition scheme types. GPT " "is usually the most appropriate choice for amd64 computers. Older computers " "that are not compatible with GPT should use MBR. The other partition " "schemes are generally used for uncommon or older computers. More " "information is available in crossref:bsdinstall[partition-" "schemes,Partitioning Schemes]." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:564 #, no-wrap msgid "Select Partition Scheme" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:565 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu showing the user the different the different types of partition that exist and requesting one of them" msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:565 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:601 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-part-manual-partscheme.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:571 msgid "" "After the partition layout has been created, review it to ensure it meets " "the needs of the installation. Selecting btn:[Revert] will reset the " "partitions to their original values. Pressing btn:[Auto] will recreate the " "automatic FreeBSD partitions. Partitions can also be manually created, " "modified, or deleted. When the partitioning is correct, select btn:[Finish] " "to continue with the installation." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:573 #, no-wrap msgid "Review Created Partitions" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:574 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu showing created partitions" msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:574 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-part-review.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:580 msgid "" "Once the disks are configured, the next menu provides the last chance to " "make changes before the selected drives are formatted. If changes need to " "be made, select btn:[Back] to return to the main partitioning menu. btn:" "[Revert & Exit] exits the installer without making any changes to the " "drive. Otherwise, select btn:[Commit] to start the installation process." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:582 #, no-wrap msgid "Final Confirmation" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:583 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu indicating to the user that all changes will be written to disk and informing that if he decides to continue the existing data will be permanently deleted." msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:583 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-final-confirmation.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:587 msgid "" "To continue with the installation process, go to " "crossref:bsdinstall[bsdinstall-fetching-distribution, Fetching Distribution " "Files]." msgstr "" #. type: Title === #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:589 #, no-wrap msgid "Manual Partitioning" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:592 msgid "Selecting this method opens the partition editor:" msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:594 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:600 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:631 #, no-wrap msgid "Manually Create Partitions" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:595 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu showing the Partition Editor." msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:595 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-part-manual-create.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:598 msgid "" "Highlight the installation drive (`ada0` in this example) and select btn:" "[Create] to display a menu of available partition schemes:" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:601 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu showing the different kind of partition schemes" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:606 msgid "" "GPT is usually the most appropriate choice for amd64 computers. Older " "computers that are not compatible with GPT should use MBR. The other " "partition schemes are generally used for uncommon or older computers." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:608 #, no-wrap msgid "Partitioning Schemes" msgstr "" #. type: Table #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:612 #, no-wrap msgid "Abbreviation" msgstr "" #. type: Table #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:614 #, no-wrap msgid "Description" msgstr "" #. type: Table #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:615 #, no-wrap msgid "APM" msgstr "" #. type: Table #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:617 #, no-wrap msgid "Apple Partition Map, used by PowerPC(R)." msgstr "" #. type: Table #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:618 #, no-wrap msgid "BSD" msgstr "" #. type: Table #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:620 #, no-wrap msgid "BSD label without an MBR, sometimes called _dangerously dedicated mode_ as non-BSD disk utilities may not recognize it." msgstr "" #. type: Table #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:621 #, no-wrap msgid "GPT" msgstr "" #. type: Table #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:623 #, no-wrap msgid "link:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GUID_Partition_Table[GUID Partition Table]." msgstr "" #. type: Table #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:624 #, no-wrap msgid "MBR" msgstr "" #. type: Table #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:625 #, no-wrap msgid "link:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Master_boot_record[Master Boot Record]." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:629 msgid "" "After the partitioning scheme has been selected and created, select btn:" "[Create] again to create the partitions. The kbd:[Tab] key is used to give " "focus to the fields (after cycling through btn:[<OK>], btn:[<Options>], and " "btn:[<Cancel>])." msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:632 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu requesting type" msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:632 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-part-manual-addpart.png" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:635 msgid "" "A standard FreeBSD GPT installation uses at least three partitions, " "including either UFS or ZFS:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:637 msgid "`freebsd-boot` or `efi` - Holds the FreeBSD boot code." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:638 msgid "`freebsd-ufs` - A FreeBSD UFS file system." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:639 msgid "" "`freebsd-zfs` - A FreeBSD ZFS file system. More information about ZFS is " "available in crossref:zfs[zfs,The Z File System (ZFS)]." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:640 msgid "`freebsd-swap` - FreeBSD swap space." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:642 msgid "" "Refer to man:gpart[8] for descriptions of the available GPT partition types." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:644 msgid "" "Multiple file system partitions can be created. Some people prefer a " "traditional layout with separate partitions for `/`, `/var`, `/tmp`, and `/" "usr`." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:648 msgid "" "Note that `/tmp` can be added later as a memory-based file system " "(man:tmpfs[5]) on systems with sufficient memory." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:651 msgid "" "See crossref:bsdinstall[bsdinstall-part-manual-splitfs,Creating Traditional " "Split File System Partitions] for an example." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:653 msgid "" "The `Size` may be entered with common abbreviations: _K_ for kilobytes, _M_ " "for megabytes, or _G_ for gigabytes." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:660 msgid "" "Proper sector alignment provides the best performance, and making partition " "sizes even multiples of 4K bytes helps to ensure alignment on drives with " "either 512-byte or 4K-byte sectors. Generally, using partition sizes that " "are even multiples of 1M or 1G is the easiest way to make sure every " "partition starts at an even multiple of 4K. There is one exception: a " "_freebsd-boot_ partition for BIOS booting should be no larger than 512K due " "to legacy boot code limitations. This limitation does not apply to UEFI " "booting." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:664 msgid "" "A `Mountpoint` is needed if the partition will contain a file system. If " "only a single UFS partition will be created, the mountpoint should be `/`." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:670 msgid "" "The `Label` is a name by which the partition will be known. Drive names or " "numbers can change if the drive is connected to a different controller or " "port, but the partition label does not change. Referring to labels instead " "of drive names and partition numbers in files like `/etc/fstab` makes the " "system more tolerant to hardware changes. GPT labels appear in `/dev/gpt/` " "when a disk is attached. Other partitioning schemes have different label " "capabilities and their labels appear in different directories in `/dev/`." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:676 msgid "" "Use a unique label on every partition to avoid conflicts from identical " "labels. A few letters from the computer's name, use, or location can be " "added to the label. For instance, use `labroot` or `rootfslab` for the UFS " "root partition on the computer named `lab`." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:679 #, no-wrap msgid "Creating Traditional Split File System Partitions" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:686 msgid "" "For a traditional partition layout where the `/`, `/var`, `/tmp`, and `/usr` " "directories are separate file systems on their own partitions, create a GPT " "partitioning scheme, then create the partitions as shown. Partition sizes " "shown are typical for a 20G target disk. If more space is available on the " "target disk, larger swap or `/var` partitions may be useful. Labels shown " "here are prefixed with `ex` for \"example\", but readers should use other " "unique label values as described above." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:688 msgid "" "By default, FreeBSD's `gptboot` expects the first UFS partition to be the `/" "` partition." msgstr "" #. type: Table #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:693 #, no-wrap msgid "Partition Type" msgstr "" #. type: Table #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:694 #, no-wrap msgid "Size" msgstr "" #. type: Table #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:695 #, no-wrap msgid "Mountpoint" msgstr "" #. type: Table #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:697 #, no-wrap msgid "Label" msgstr "" #. type: Table #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:698 #, no-wrap msgid "`freebsd-boot`" msgstr "" #. type: Table #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:699 #, no-wrap msgid "`512K`" msgstr "" #. type: Table #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:703 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:713 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:718 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:723 #, no-wrap msgid "`freebsd-ufs`" msgstr "" #. type: Table #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:704 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:714 #, no-wrap msgid "`2G`" msgstr "" #. type: Table #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:705 #, no-wrap msgid "`/`" msgstr "" #. type: Table #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:707 #, no-wrap msgid "`exrootfs`" msgstr "" #. type: Table #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:708 #, no-wrap msgid "`freebsd-swap`" msgstr "" #. type: Table #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:709 #, no-wrap msgid "`4G`" msgstr "" #. type: Table #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:712 #, no-wrap msgid "`exswap`" msgstr "" #. type: Table #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:715 #, no-wrap msgid "`/var`" msgstr "" #. type: Table #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:717 #, no-wrap msgid "`exvarfs`" msgstr "" #. type: Table #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:719 #, no-wrap msgid "`1G`" msgstr "" #. type: Table #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:720 #, no-wrap msgid "`/tmp`" msgstr "" #. type: Table #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:722 #, no-wrap msgid "`extmpfs`" msgstr "" #. type: Table #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:724 #, no-wrap msgid "accept the default (remainder of the disk)" msgstr "" #. type: Table #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:725 #, no-wrap msgid "`/usr`" msgstr "" #. type: Table #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:726 #, no-wrap msgid "`exusrfs`" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:732 msgid "" "After the custom partitions have been created, select btn:[Finish] to " "continue with the installation and go to crossref:bsdinstall[bsdinstall-" "fetching-distribution, Fetching Distribution Files]." msgstr "" #. type: Title === #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:734 #, no-wrap msgid "Guided Partitioning Using Root-on-ZFS" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:738 msgid "" "This partitioning mode only works with whole disks and will erase the " "contents of the entire disk. The main ZFS configuration menu offers a " "number of options to control the creation of the pool." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:740 #, no-wrap msgid "ZFS Partitioning Menu" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:741 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu showing the different options to configure the ZFS pool" msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:741 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-zfs-menu.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:744 msgid "Here is a summary of the options in this menu:" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:746 msgid "`Install` - Proceed with the installation with the selected options." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:751 msgid "" "`Pool Type/Disks` - Configure the `Pool Type` and the disk(s) that will " "constitute the pool. The automatic ZFS installer currently only supports the " "creation of a single top level vdev, except in stripe mode. To create more " "complex pools, use the instructions in crossref:bsdinstall[bsdinstall-part-" "shell, Shell Mode Partitioning] to create the pool." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:752 msgid "`Rescan Devices` - Repopulate the list of available disks." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:753 msgid "" "`Disk Info` - This menu can be used to inspect each disk, including its " "partition table and various other information such as the device model " "number and serial number, if available." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:754 msgid "" "`Pool Name` - Establish the name of the pool. The default name is _zroot_." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:755 msgid "" "`Force 4K Sectors?` - Force the use of 4K sectors. By default, the installer " "will automatically create partitions aligned to 4K boundaries and force ZFS " "to use 4K sectors. This is safe even with 512 byte sector disks, and has the " "added benefit of ensuring that pools created on 512 byte disks will be able " "to have 4K sector disks added in the future, either as additional storage " "space or as replacements for failed disks. Press the kbd:[Enter] key to " "chose to activate it or not." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:756 msgid "" "`Encrypt Disks?` - Encrypting the disks allows the user to encrypt the disks " "using GELI. More information about disk encryption is available in " "crossref:disks[disks-encrypting-geli,“Disk Encryption with geli”]. Press the " "kbd:[Enter] key to choose whether to activate it or not." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:757 msgid "" "`Partition Scheme` - Choose the partition scheme. GPT is the recommended " "option in most cases. Press the kbd:[Enter] key to chose between the " "different options." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:758 msgid "`Swap Size` - Establish the amount of swap space." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:759 msgid "" "`Mirror Swap?` - Whether to mirror the swap between the disks. Be aware that " "enabling mirror swap will break crash dumps. Press the kbd:[Enter] key to " "activate it or not." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:760 msgid "" "`Encrypt Swap?` - Whether to encrypt the swap. This will encrypt the swap " "with a temporary key each time the system boots, and discards it on reboot. " "Press the kbd:[Enter] key to choose to activate it or not. More information " "about swap encryption in crossref:disks[swap-encrypting,“Encrypting Swap”]." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:761 msgid "" "`ZFS Pool Options` - Specifies additional pool properties to apply when the " "ZFS root pool is created. More information about the options can be found in " "man:zpool-create[8] and man:zpoolprops[7]." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:763 msgid "" "Select kbd:[T] to configure the `Pool Type` and the disk(s) that will " "constitute the pool." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:765 #, no-wrap msgid "ZFS Pool Type" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:766 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu requesting the Virtual Device type. Ex: stripe" msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:766 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-zfs-vdev_type.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:769 msgid "Here is a summary of the `Pool Type` that can be selected in this menu:" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:771 msgid "" "`stripe` - Striping provides maximum storage of all connected devices, but " "no redundancy. If just one disk fails the data on the pool is lost " "irrevocably." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:772 msgid "" "`mirror` - Mirroring stores a complete copy of all data on every disk. " "Mirroring provides good read performance because data is read from all disks " "in parallel. Write performance is slower as the data must be written to all " "disks in the pool. Allows all but one disk to fail. This option requires at " "least two disks." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:773 msgid "" "`raid10` - Striped mirrors. Provides the best performance, but the least " "storage. This option needs at least an even number of disks and a minimum of " "four disks." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:774 msgid "" "`raidz1` - Single Redundant RAID. Allow one disk to fail concurrently. This " "option needs at least three disks." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:775 msgid "" "`raidz2` - Double Redundant RAID. Allows two disks to fail concurrently. " "This option needs at least four disks." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:776 msgid "" "`raidz3` - Triple Redundant RAID. Allows three disks to fail concurrently. " "This option needs at least five disks." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:780 msgid "" "Once a `Pool Type` has been selected, a list of available disks is " "displayed, and the user is prompted to select one or more disks to make up " "the pool. The configuration is then validated to ensure that enough disks " "are selected. If validation fails, select btn:[<Change Selection>] to " "return to the list of disks or btn:[<Back>] to change the `Pool Type`." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:782 #, no-wrap msgid "Disk Selection" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:783 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu requesting how many disks will be added to the pool" msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:783 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-zfs-disk_select.png" msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:786 #, no-wrap msgid "Invalid Selection" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:787 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu indicating that not enough disks have been selected" msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:787 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-zfs-vdev_invalid.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:790 msgid "" "If one or more disks are missing from the list, or if disks were attached " "after the installer was started, select btn:[- Rescan Devices] to repopulate " "the list of available disks." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:792 #, no-wrap msgid "Rescan Devices" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:793 #, no-wrap msgid "Device rescan" msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:793 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-zfs-rescan-devices.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:796 msgid "" "To avoid accidentally erasing the wrong disk, the btn:[- Disk Info] menu can " "be used to inspect each disk, including its partition table and various " "other information such as the device model number and serial number, if " "available." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:798 #, no-wrap msgid "Analyzing a Disk" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:799 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu showing the information of the partitions." msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:799 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-zfs-disk_info.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:803 msgid "" "Select kbd:[N] to configure the `Pool Name`. Enter the desired name, then " "select btn:[<OK>] to establish it or btn:[<Cancel>] to return to the main " "menu and leave the default name." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:805 #, no-wrap msgid "Pool Name" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:806 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu requesting the name of the pool." msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:806 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-zfs-pool-name.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:810 msgid "" "Select kbd:[S] to set the amount of swap. Enter the desired amount of swap, " "then select btn:[<OK>] to establish it or btn:[<Cancel>] to return to the " "main menu and let the default amount." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:812 #, no-wrap msgid "Swap Amount" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:813 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu requesting the amount of swap memory" msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:813 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-zfs-swap-amount.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:817 msgid "" "Once all options have been set to the desired values, select the btn:[>>> " "Install] option at the top of the menu. The installer then offers a last " "chance to cancel before the contents of the selected drives are destroyed to " "create the ZFS pool." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:819 #, no-wrap msgid "Last Chance" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:820 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu indicating to the user that the data will be lost" msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:820 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-zfs-warning.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:824 msgid "" "If GELI disk encryption was enabled, the installer will prompt twice for the " "passphrase to be used to encrypt the disks. Initialization of the " "encryption then begins." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:826 #, no-wrap msgid "Disk Encryption Password" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:827 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu requesting the password to encrypt the devices." msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:827 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-zfs-geli_password.png" msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:830 #, no-wrap msgid "Initializing Encryption" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:831 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu showing that the encryption is initializing." msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:831 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-zfs-init-encription.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:836 msgid "" "The installation then proceeds normally. To continue with the installation, " "go to crossref:bsdinstall[bsdinstall-fetching-distribution, Fetching " "Distribution Files]." msgstr "" #. type: Title === #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:838 #, no-wrap msgid "Shell Mode Partitioning" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:843 msgid "" "When creating advanced installations, the bsdinstall partitioning menus may " "not provide the level of flexibility required. Advanced users can select " "the btn:[Shell] option from the partitioning menu in order to manually " "partition the drives, create the file system(s), populate `/tmp/" "bsdinstall_etc/fstab`, and mount the file systems under `/mnt`. Once this " "is done, type `exit` to return to bsdinstall and continue the installation." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:845 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:854 #, no-wrap msgid "Fetching Distribution Files" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:849 msgid "" "Installation time will vary depending on the distributions chosen, " "installation media, and speed of the computer. A series of messages will " "indicate the progress." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:852 msgid "" "First, the installer formats the selected disk(s) and initializes the " "partitions. Next, in the case of a `bootonly media` or `mini memstick`, it " "downloads the selected components:" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:855 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu showing the download of the different components." msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:855 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-distfile-fetching.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:858 msgid "" "Next, the integrity of the distribution files is verified to ensure they " "have not been corrupted during download or misread from the installation " "media:" msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:860 #, no-wrap msgid "Verifying Distribution Files" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:861 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu showing the verification of the different components." msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:861 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-distfile-verifying.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:864 msgid "Finally, the verified distribution files are extracted to the disk:" msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:866 #, no-wrap msgid "Extracting Distribution Files" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:867 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu showing the extraction of the different components." msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:867 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-distfile-extracting.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:871 msgid "" "Once all requested distribution files have been extracted, bsdinstall " "displays the first post-installation configuration screen. The available " "post-configuration options are described in the next section." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:873 #, no-wrap msgid "Network Interfaces, Accounts, Time Zone, Services and Hardening" msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:876 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:883 #, no-wrap msgid "Setting the `root` Password" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:881 msgid "" "First, the `root` password must be set. While entering the password, the " "characters being typed are not displayed on the screen. The password must " "be entered twice to prevent typing errors." msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:884 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu showing requesting the password for the root user." msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:884 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-post-root-passwd.png" msgstr "" #. type: Title === #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:887 #, no-wrap msgid "Configuring Network Interfaces" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:891 msgid "" "Next, a list of the network interfaces found on the computer is shown. " "Select the interface to configure." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:893 #, no-wrap msgid "Choose a Network Interface" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:894 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu showing the different network interfaces to configure." msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:894 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-configure-network-interface.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:899 msgid "" "If an Ethernet interface is selected, the installer will skip ahead to the " "menu shown in crossref:bsdinstall[bsdinstall-configure-net-ipv4,Choose IPv4 " "Networking]. If a wireless network interface is chosen, the system will " "instead scan for wireless access points:" msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:901 #, no-wrap msgid "Scanning for Wireless Access Points" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:902 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu showing wireless network scanning." msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:902 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-configure-wireless-scan.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:909 msgid "" "Wireless networks are identified by a Service Set Identifier (SSID); a " "short, unique name given to each network. SSIDs found during the scan are " "listed, followed by a description of the encryption types available for that " "network. If the desired SSID does not appear in the list, select btn:" "[Rescan] to scan again. If the desired network still does not appear, check " "for problems with antenna connections or try moving the computer closer to " "the access point. Rescan after each change is made." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:911 #, no-wrap msgid "Choosing a Wireless Network" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:912 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu showing the different wireless networks to connect to." msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:912 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-configure-wireless-accesspoints.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:918 msgid "" "Next, enter the encryption information for connecting to the selected " "wireless network. WPA2 encryption is strongly recommended over older " "encryption types such as WEP, which offer little security. If the network " "uses WPA2, input the password, also known as the Pre-Shared Key (PSK). For " "security reasons, the characters typed into the input box are displayed as " "asterisks." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:920 #, no-wrap msgid "WPA2 Setup" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:921 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu requesting the wireless network password." msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:921 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-configure-wireless-wpa2setup.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:924 msgid "" "Next, choose whether or not an IPv4 address should be configured on the " "Ethernet or wireless interface:" msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:926 #, no-wrap msgid "Choose IPv4 Networking" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:927 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu indicating if IPv4 wants to be configured for the selected interface." msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:927 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-configure-network-interface-ipv4.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:932 msgid "" "There are two methods of IPv4 configuration. DHCP will automatically " "configure the network interface correctly and should be used if the network " "provides a DHCP server. Otherwise, the addressing information needs to be " "input manually as a static configuration." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:938 msgid "" "Do not enter random network information as it will not work. If a DHCP " "server is not available, obtain the information listed in " "crossref:bsdinstall[bsdinstall-collect-network-information, Required Network " "Information] from the network administrator or Internet service provider." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:942 msgid "" "If a DHCP server is available, select btn:[Yes] in the next menu to " "automatically configure the network interface. The installer will appear to " "pause for a minute or so as it finds the DHCP server and obtains the " "addressing information for the system." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:944 #, no-wrap msgid "Choose IPv4 DHCP Configuration" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:945 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu indicating if DHCP wants to be configured for the selected interface." msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:945 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-configure-network-interface-ipv4-dhcp.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:948 msgid "" "If a DHCP server is not available, select btn:[No] and input the following " "addressing information in this menu:" msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:950 #, no-wrap msgid "IPv4 Static Configuration" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:951 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu requesting data to configure IPv4 network." msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:951 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-configure-network-interface-ipv4-static.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:954 msgid "" "`IP Address` - The IPv4 address assigned to this computer. The address must " "be unique and not already in use by another device on the local network." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:955 msgid "`Subnet Mask` - The subnet mask for the network." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:956 msgid "`Default Router` - The IP address of the network's default gateway." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:958 msgid "" "The next screen will ask if the interface should be configured for IPv6. If " "IPv6 is available and desired, choose btn:[Yes] to select it." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:960 #, no-wrap msgid "Choose IPv6 Networking" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:961 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu indicating if IPv6 wants to be configured for the selected interface." msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:961 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-configure-network-interface-ipv6.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:967 msgid "" "IPv6 also has two methods of configuration. StateLess Address " "AutoConfiguration (SLAAC) will automatically request the correct " "configuration information from a local router. Refer to http://" "tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4862[rfc4862] for more information. Static " "configuration requires manual entry of network information." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:970 msgid "" "If an IPv6 router is available, select btn:[Yes] in the next menu to " "automatically configure the network interface. The installer will appear to " "pause for a minute or so as it finds the router and obtains the addressing " "information for the system." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:972 #, no-wrap msgid "Choose IPv6 SLAAC Configuration" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:973 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu indicating if SLAAC wants to be configured for the selected interface." msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:973 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-configure-network-interface-slaac.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:976 msgid "" "If an IPv6 router is not available, select btn:[No] and input the following " "addressing information in this menu:" msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:978 #, no-wrap msgid "IPv6 Static Configuration" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:979 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu requesting data to configure IPv6 network." msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:979 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-configure-network-interface-ipv6-static.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:982 msgid "" "`IPv6 Address` - The IPv6 address assigned to this computer. The address " "must be unique and not already in use by another device on the local network." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:983 msgid "`Default Router` - The IPv6 address of the network's default gateway." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:989 msgid "" "The last network configuration menu is used to configure the Domain Name " "System (DNS) resolver, which converts hostnames to and from network " "addresses. If DHCP or SLAAC was used to autoconfigure the network " "interface, the `Resolver Configuration` values may already be filled in. " "Otherwise, enter the local network's domain name in the `Search` field. " "`DNS #1` and `DNS #2` are the IPv4 and/or IPv6 addresses of the DNS " "servers. At least one DNS server is required." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:991 #, no-wrap msgid "DNS Configuration" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:992 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu requesting data to configure DNS for the network." msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:992 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-configure-network-ipv4-dns.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:996 msgid "" "Once the interface is configured, select a mirror site that is located in " "the same region of the world as the computer on which FreeBSD is being " "installed. Files can be retrieved more quickly when the mirror is close to " "the target computer, reducing installation time." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1000 msgid "" "Selecting `http://download.freebsd.org Main Site (GeoDNS, HTTP)` or `ftp://" "download.freebsd.org Main Site (GeoDNS, FTP)` will automatically route to " "the nearest mirror." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1003 #, no-wrap msgid "Choosing a Mirror" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1004 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu requesting a network mirror." msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1004 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-netinstall-mirrorselect.png" msgstr "" #. type: Title === #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1007 #, no-wrap msgid "Setting the Time Zone" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1011 msgid "" "The next series of menus are used to determine the correct local time by " "selecting the geographic region, country, and time zone. Setting the time " "zone allows the system to automatically correct for regional time changes, " "such as daylight savings time, and perform other time zone related functions " "properly." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1014 msgid "" "The example shown here is for a machine located in the mainland time zone of " "Spain, Europe. The selections will vary according to the geographical " "location." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1016 #, no-wrap msgid "Select a Region" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1017 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu requesting the timezone region." msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1017 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-timezone-region.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1020 msgid "" "The appropriate region is selected using the arrow keys and then pressing " "kbd:[Enter]." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1022 #, no-wrap msgid "Select a Country" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1023 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu requesting the timezone country." msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1023 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-timezone-country.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1026 msgid "" "Select the appropriate country using the arrow keys and press kbd:[Enter]." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1028 #, no-wrap msgid "Select a Time Zone" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1029 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu requesting the timezone zone." msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1029 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-timezone-zone.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1032 msgid "" "The appropriate time zone is selected using the arrow keys and pressing kbd:" "[Enter]." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1034 #, no-wrap msgid "Confirm Time Zone" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1035 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu requesting confirmation of the selected timezone." msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1035 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-timezone-confirm.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1038 msgid "Confirm the abbreviation for the time zone is correct." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1040 #, no-wrap msgid "Select Date" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1041 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu requesting the system date." msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1041 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-timezone-date.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1045 msgid "" "The appropriate date is selected using the arrow keys and then pressing btn:" "[Set Date]. Otherwise, the date selection can be skipped by pressing btn:" "[Skip]." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1047 #, no-wrap msgid "Select Time" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1048 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu requesting the system time." msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1048 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-timezone-time.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1052 msgid "" "The appropriate time is selected using the arrow keys and then pressing btn:" "[Set Time]. Otherwise, the time selection can be skipped by pressing btn:" "[Skip]." msgstr "" #. type: Title === #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1054 #, no-wrap msgid "Enabling Services" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1059 msgid "" "The next menu is used to configure which system services will be started " "whenever the system boots. All of these services are optional. Only start " "the services that are needed for the system to function." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1061 #, no-wrap msgid "Selecting Additional Services to Enable" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1062 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu showing the different services available." msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1062 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-config-services.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1065 msgid "Here is a summary of the services that can be enabled in this menu:" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1067 msgid "" "`sshd` - The Secure Shell (SSH) daemon is used to remotely access a system " "over an encrypted connection. Only enable this service if the system should " "be available for remote logins." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1068 msgid "" "`ntpd` - The Network Time Protocol (NTP) daemon for automatic clock " "synchronization. Enable this service when wanting to synchronise the system " "clock with a remote time server or pool." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1069 msgid "" "`ntpd_sync_on_start` - Enabled, man:ntpd[8] is invoked with the `-g` flag " "during system startup, performing an immediate, one-time clock " "synchronization at boot time." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1070 msgid "" "`local_unbound` - Enable the DNS local unbound. It is necessary to keep in " "mind that this is a configuration only meant for use as a local caching " "forwarding resolver. If the objective is to set up a resolver for the entire " "network, install package:dns/unbound[]." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1071 msgid "" "`powerd` - System power control utility for power control and energy saving." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1072 msgid "" "`moused` - Enable this service if the mouse will be used from the command-" "line system console." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1073 msgid "" "`dumpdev` - Crash dumps are useful when debugging issues with the system, so " "users are encouraged to enable them." msgstr "" #. type: Title === #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1075 #, no-wrap msgid "Enabling Hardening Security Options" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1080 msgid "" "The next menu is used to configure which security options will be enabled. " "All of these options are optional. But their use is encouraged." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1082 #, no-wrap msgid "Selecting Hardening Security Options" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1083 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu shoring the different hardening security options." msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1083 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-hardening.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1086 msgid "Here is a summary of the options that can be enabled in this menu:" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1088 msgid "" "`hide_uids` - Hide processes running as other users (UID). This prevents " "unprivileged users from seeing running processes from other users." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1089 msgid "" "`hide_gids` - Hide processes running as other groups (GID). This prevents " "unprivileged users from seeing running processes from other groups." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1090 msgid "" "`hide_jail` - Hide processes running in jails. This prevents unprivileged " "users from seeing processes running inside jails." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1091 msgid "" "`read_msgbuf` - Disable reading kernel message buffer for unprivileged " "users. Prevent unprivileged users from using man:dmesg[8] to view messages " "from the kernel's log buffer." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1092 msgid "" "`proc_debug` - Disable process debugging facilities for unprivileged users. " "Disables a variety of unprivileged inter-process debugging services, " "including some procfs functionality, `ptrace()`, and `ktrace()`. Please note " "that this will also prevent debugging tools such as man:lldb[1], " "man:truss[1] and man:procstat[1], as well as some built-in debugging " "facilities in certain scripting languages like PHP." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1093 msgid "`random_pid` - Randomize the PID of processes." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1094 msgid "`clear_tmp` - Clean `/tmp` when the system starts up." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1095 msgid "" "`disable_syslogd` - Disable opening the syslogd network socket. By default, " "FreeBSD runs syslogd in a secure way with `-s`. This prevents the daemon " "from listening for incoming UDP requests on port 514. With this option " "enabled, syslogd will instead run with `-ss`, which prevents syslogd from " "opening any port. For more information, see man:syslogd[8]." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1096 msgid "" "`secure_console` - Make the command prompt request the `root` password when " "entering single-user mode." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1097 msgid "" "`disable_ddtrace` - DTrace can run in a mode that affects the running " "kernel. Destructive actions may not be used unless explicitly enabled. Use `-" "w` to enable this option when using DTrace. For more information, see " "man:dtrace[1]." msgstr "" #. type: Title === #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1099 #, no-wrap msgid "Add Users" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1105 msgid "" "The next menu prompts to create at least one user account. It is " "recommended to log into the system using a user account rather than as " "`root`. When logged in as `root`, there are essentially no limits or " "protection on what can be done. Logging in as a normal user is safer and " "more secure." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1107 msgid "Select btn:[Yes] to add new users." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1109 #, no-wrap msgid "Add User Accounts" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1110 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu requesting if a user want to be added to the system." msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1110 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-adduser1.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1114 msgid "" "Follow the prompts and input the requested information for the user " "account. The example shown in crossref:bsdinstall[bsdinstall-add-" "user2,Enter User Information] creates the `asample` user account." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1116 #, no-wrap msgid "Enter User Information" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1117 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu requesting different information for the new user." msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1117 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-adduser2.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1120 msgid "Here is a summary of the information to input:" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1122 msgid "" "`Username` - The name the user will enter to log in. A common convention is " "to use the first letter of the first name combined with the last name, as " "long as each username is unique for the system. The username is case " "sensitive and should not contain any spaces." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1123 msgid "" "`Full name` - The user's full name. This can contain spaces and is used as a " "description for the user account." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1124 msgid "" "`Uid` - User ID. This is typically left blank so the system automatically " "assigns a value." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1125 msgid "" "`Login group` - The user's group. This is typically left blank to accept the " "default." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1126 msgid "" "`Invite _user_ into other groups?` - Additional groups to which the user " "will be added as a member. If the user needs administrative access, type " "`wheel` here." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1127 msgid "`Login class` - Typically left blank for the default." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1128 msgid "" "`Shell` - Type in one of the listed values to set the interactive shell for " "the user. Refer to crossref:basics[shells,Shells] for more information about " "shells." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1129 msgid "" "`Home directory` - The user's home directory. The default is usually correct." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1130 msgid "" "`Home directory permissions` - Permissions on the user's home directory. The " "default is usually correct." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1131 msgid "" "`Use password-based authentication?` - Typically `yes` so that the user is " "prompted to input their password at login." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1132 msgid "" "`Use an empty password?` - Typically `no` as empty or blank passwords are " "insecure." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1133 msgid "" "`Use a random password?` - Typically `no` so that the user can set their own " "password in the next prompt." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1134 msgid "" "`Enter password` - The password for this user. Typed-in characters will not " "be shown on the screen." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1135 msgid "" "`Enter password again` - The password must be typed again for verification." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1136 msgid "" "`Lock out the account after creation?` - Typically `no` so that the user can " "log in." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1140 msgid "" "After entering all the details, a summary is shown for review. If a mistake " "was made, enter `no` to correct it. Once everything is correct, enter `yes` " "to create the new user." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1142 #, no-wrap msgid "Exit User and Group Management" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1143 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu showing the information of the new user and requesting if everything is correct." msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1143 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-adduser3.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1147 msgid "" "If there are more users to add, answer the `Add another user?` question with " "`yes`. Enter `no` to finish adding users and continue the installation." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1149 msgid "" "For more information on adding users and user management, see " "crossref:basics[users-synopsis,Users and Basic Account Management]." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1151 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1156 #, no-wrap msgid "Final Configuration" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1154 msgid "" "After everything has been installed and configured, a final chance is " "provided to modify settings." msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1157 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu showing different options to perform before finishing the installation. Ex: Add user" msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1157 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-finalconfiguration.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1160 msgid "" "Use this menu to make any changes or to do any additional configuration " "before completing the installation." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1162 msgid "" "`Add User` - Described in crossref:bsdinstall[bsdinstall-addusers, Add " "Users]." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1163 msgid "" "`Root Password` - Described in crossref:bsdinstall[bsdinstall-post-root, " "Setting the `root` Password]." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1164 msgid "" "`Hostname` - Described in crossref:bsdinstall[bsdinstall-hostname, Setting " "the Hostname]." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1165 msgid "" "`Network` - Described in crossref:bsdinstall[bsdinstall-config-network-dev, " "Configuring Network Interfaces]." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1166 msgid "" "`Services` - Described in crossref:bsdinstall[bsdinstall-sysconf, Enabling " "Services]." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1167 msgid "" "`System Hardening` - Described in crossref:bsdinstall[bsdinstall-hardening, " "Enabling Hardening Security Options]." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1168 msgid "" "`Time Zone` - Described in crossref:bsdinstall[bsdinstall-timezone, Setting " "the Time Zone]." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1169 msgid "" "`Firmware` - Download and install required firmware for system components " "such as Wi-Fi or graphics cards." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1170 msgid "`Handbook` - Download and install the FreeBSD Handbook." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1172 msgid "Once configuration is complete, select btn:[Exit]." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1174 #, no-wrap msgid "Manual Configuration" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1175 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu showing that the installation has finished. And asking if a shell to make manual changes should open." msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1175 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-final-modification-shell.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1179 msgid "" "bsdinstall will prompt for any additional configuration that needs to be " "done before rebooting into the new system. Select btn:[Yes] to exit to a " "shell within the new system or btn:[No] to proceed to the last step of the " "installation." msgstr "" #. type: Block title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1181 #, no-wrap msgid "Complete the Installation" msgstr "" #. type: Positional ($1) AttributeList argument for macro 'image' #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1182 #, no-wrap msgid "Menu showing that the installation has finished and asking whether to reboot the system or access the Live CD." msgstr "" #. type: Target for macro image #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1182 #, no-wrap msgid "bsdinstall-mainexit.png" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1185 msgid "" "If further configuration or special setup is needed, select btn:[Live CD] to " "boot the install media into Live CD mode." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1188 msgid "" "If the installation is complete, select btn:[Reboot] to reboot the computer " "and start the new FreeBSD system. Do not forget to remove the FreeBSD " "install media or the computer might boot from it again." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1194 msgid "" "As FreeBSD boots, informational messages are displayed. After the system " "finishes booting, a login prompt is displayed. At the `login:` prompt, " "enter the username added during the installation. Avoid logging in as " "`root`. Refer to crossref:basics[users-superuser,The Superuser Account] for " "instructions on how to become the superuser when administrative access is " "needed." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1200 msgid "" "The messages that appear during boot can be reviewed by pressing kbd:[Scroll-" "Lock] to turn on the scroll-back buffer. The kbd:[PgUp], kbd:[PgDn], and " "arrow keys can be used to scroll back through the messages. When finished, " "press kbd:[Scroll-Lock] again to unlock the display and return to the " "console. To review these messages once the system has been up for some " "time, type `less /var/run/dmesg.boot` from a command prompt. Press kbd:[q] " "to return to the command line after viewing." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1204 msgid "" "If sshd was enabled in crossref:bsdinstall[bsdinstall-config-serv,Selecting " "Additional Services to Enable], the first boot might be a bit slower as the " "system generates SSH host keys. Subsequent boots will be faster. The " "fingerprints of the keys are then displayed as in the following example:" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1242 #, no-wrap msgid "" "Generating public/private rsa1 key pair.\n" "Your identification has been saved in /etc/ssh/ssh_host_key.\n" "Your public key has been saved in /etc/ssh/ssh_host_key.pub.\n" "The key fingerprint is:\n" "10:a0:f5:af:93:ae:a3:1a:b2:bb:3c:35:d9:5a:b3:f3 [email protected]\n" "The key's randomart image is:\n" "+--[RSA1 1024]----+\n" "| o.. |\n" "| o . . |\n" "| . o |\n" "| o |\n" "| o S |\n" "| + + o |\n" "|o . + * |\n" "|o+ ..+ . |\n" "|==o..o+E |\n" "+-----------------+\n" "Generating public/private dsa key pair.\n" "Your identification has been saved in /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key.\n" "Your public key has been saved in /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key.pub.\n" "The key fingerprint is:\n" "7e:1c:ce:dc:8a:3a:18:13:5b:34:b5:cf:d9:d1:47:b2 [email protected]\n" "The key's randomart image is:\n" "+--[ DSA 1024]----+\n" "| .. . .|\n" "| o . . + |\n" "| . .. . E .|\n" "| . . o o . . |\n" "| + S = . |\n" "| + . = o |\n" "| + . * . |\n" "| . . o . |\n" "| .o. . |\n" "+-----------------+\n" "Starting sshd.\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1245 msgid "" "Refer to crossref:security[openssh,\"OpenSSH\"] for more information about " "fingerprints and SSH." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1248 msgid "" "FreeBSD does not install a graphical environment by default. Refer to " "crossref:x11[x11,The X Window System] for more information about installing " "and configuring a graphical window manager." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1252 msgid "" "Proper shutdown of a FreeBSD computer helps protect data and hardware from " "damage. _Do not turn off the power before the system has been properly shut " "down!_ If the user is a member of the `wheel` group, become the superuser by " "typing `su` at the command line and entering the `root` password. Then, " "type `shutdown -p now` and the system will shut down cleanly, and, if the " "hardware supports it, turn itself off." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1254 #, no-wrap msgid "Troubleshooting" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1257 msgid "" "This section covers basic installation troubleshooting, such as common " "problems people have reported." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1259 msgid "" "Check the Hardware Notes listed on the link:https://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/" "[FreeBSD Release Information] page for the version of FreeBSD to make sure " "the hardware is supported." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1265 msgid "" "Some installation problems can be avoided or alleviated by updating the " "firmware on various hardware components, most notably the motherboard. " "Motherboard firmware is usually referred to as the BIOS. Most motherboard " "and computer manufacturers have a website for upgrades and upgrade " "information." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1268 msgid "" "Manufacturers generally advise against upgrading the motherboard BIOS unless " "there is a good reason for doing so, like a critical update. The upgrade " "process _can_ go wrong, leaving the BIOS incomplete and the computer " "inoperative." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1274 msgid "" "If the system hangs while probing hardware during boot or behaves strangely " "during the installation process, ACPI may be the culprit. FreeBSD makes " "extensive use of the system ACPI service on the i386 and amd64 platforms to " "aid in system configuration if it is detected during boot. Unfortunately, " "some bugs still exist in both the ACPI driver and within system motherboards " "and BIOS firmware. ACPI can be disabled by setting the " "`hint.acpi.0.disabled` hint in the third stage boot loader:" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1278 #, no-wrap msgid "set hint.acpi.0.disabled=\"1\"\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1282 msgid "" "This is reset each time the system is booted, so it is necessary to add " "`hint.acpi.0.disabled=\"1\"` to the file `/boot/loader.conf`. More " "information about the boot loader can be found in crossref:boot[boot-" "synopsis,“Synopsis”]." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1284 #, no-wrap msgid "Using the Live CD" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1289 msgid "" "The welcome menu of bsdinstall, shown in crossref:bsdinstall[bsdinstall-" "choose-mode,Welcome Menu], provides a btn:[Live CD] option. This is useful " "for those who are still wondering whether FreeBSD is the right operating " "system for them and want to test some of the features before installing." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1291 msgid "The following points should be noted before using the btn:[Live CD]:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1293 msgid "" "To gain access to the system, authentication is required. The username is " "`root` and the password is blank." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1294 msgid "" "As the system runs directly from the installation media, performance will be " "significantly slower than that of a system installed on a hard disk." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/bsdinstall/_index.adoc:1294 msgid "" "This option only provides a command prompt and not a graphical interface." msgstr ""