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# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE # Copyright (C) YEAR The FreeBSD Project # This file is distributed under the same license as the FreeBSD Documentation package. # FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR. # #, fuzzy msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: FreeBSD Documentation VERSION\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2026-05-09 23:29+0100\n" "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" "Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n" "Language-Team: LANGUAGE <[email protected]>\n" "Language: \n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" #. type: YAML Front Matter: description #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:1 #, no-wrap msgid "This chapter covers various aspects of the FreeBSD Project, such as its history, goals, development model, and so on" msgstr "" #. type: YAML Front Matter: part #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:1 #, no-wrap msgid "Part I. Getting Started" msgstr "" #. type: YAML Front Matter: title #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:1 #, no-wrap msgid "Chapter 1. Introduction" msgstr "" #. type: Title = #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:15 #, no-wrap msgid "Introduction" msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:53 #, no-wrap msgid "Synopsis" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:56 msgid "" "Thank you for your interest in FreeBSD! The following chapter covers various " "aspects of the FreeBSD Project, such as its history, goals, development " "model, and so on." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:58 msgid "Read this chapter to learn:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:60 msgid "How FreeBSD relates to other computer operating systems." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:61 msgid "The history of the FreeBSD Project." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:62 msgid "The goals of the FreeBSD Project." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:63 msgid "The basics of the FreeBSD open-source development model." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:64 msgid "Where the name \"FreeBSD\" comes from." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:66 #, no-wrap msgid "Welcome to FreeBSD!" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:71 msgid "" "FreeBSD is an Open Source, standards-compliant Unix-like operating system " "for x86 (both 32 and 64 bit), ARM, AArch64, RISC-V, POWER, and PowerPC " "computers. It provides all the features that are nowadays taken for " "granted, such as preemptive multitasking, memory protection, virtual memory, " "multi-user facilities, SMP support, all the Open Source development tools " "for different languages and frameworks, and desktop features centered around " "X Window System, KDE, or GNOME. Its particular strengths are:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:73 msgid "" "_Liberal Open Source license_, which grants the rights to freely modify and " "extend its source code and incorporate it in both Open Source projects and " "closed products without imposing restrictions typical to copyleft licenses, " "as well as avoiding potential license incompatibility problems." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:74 msgid "" "_Strong TCP/IP networking_ - FreeBSD implements industry standard protocols " "with ever increasing performance and scalability. This makes it a good match " "in both server, and routing/firewalling roles - and indeed many companies " "and vendors use it precisely for that purpose." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:75 msgid "" "_Fully integrated OpenZFS support_, including root-on-ZFS, ZFS Boot " "Environments, fault management, administrative delegation, support for " "jails, FreeBSD specific documentation, and system installer support." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:76 msgid "" "_Extensive security features_, from the Mandatory Access Control framework " "to Capsicum capability and sandbox mechanisms." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:77 msgid "" "_Over 30 thousand prebuilt packages_ for all supported architectures, and " "the Ports Collection which makes it easy to build customized ones." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:78 msgid "" "_Documentation_ - in addition to the Handbook and books from different " "authors that cover topics ranging from system administration to kernel " "internals, there are also the man:man[1] pages, not only for userspace " "daemons, utilities, and configuration files, but also for kernel driver APIs " "(section 9) and individual drivers (section 4)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:79 msgid "" "_Simple and consistent repository structure and build system_ - FreeBSD uses " "a single repository for all of its components, both kernel and userspace. " "This, along with a unified and easy to customize build system and a well " "thought-out development process makes it easy to integrate FreeBSD with " "build infrastructure for third-party or derived products." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:80 msgid "" "_Staying true to Unix philosophy_, preferring composability instead of " "monolithic \"all in one\" daemons with hardcoded behavior." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:81 msgid "" "_Binary compatibility_ with Linux, which makes it possible to run many Linux " "binaries without the need for virtualisation." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:85 msgid "" "FreeBSD is based on the 4.4BSD-Lite release from Computer Systems Research " "Group (CSRG) at the University of California at Berkeley, and carries on the " "distinguished tradition of BSD systems development. In addition to the fine " "work provided by CSRG, the FreeBSD Project has put in many thousands of man-" "hours into extending the functionality and fine-tuning the system for " "maximum performance and reliability in real-life load situations. FreeBSD " "offers performance and reliability on par with other Open Source and " "commercial offerings, combined with cutting-edge features not available " "anywhere else." msgstr "" #. type: Title === #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:87 #, no-wrap msgid "What Can FreeBSD Do?" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:91 msgid "" "The applications to which FreeBSD can be put are truly limited only by ones " "own imagination. From software development to factory automation, inventory " "control to azimuth correction of remote satellite antenna; if it can be done " "with a commercial UNIX(R) product then it is more than likely that FreeBSD " "can do it, too! FreeBSD also benefits significantly from literally thousands " "of high quality applications developed by research centers and universities " "around the world, often available at little to no cost." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:94 msgid "" "Because the source code for FreeBSD itself is freely available, the system " "can also be customized to an almost unheard-of degree for special " "applications or projects, and in ways not generally possible with operating " "systems from most major commercial vendors. Here is just a sampling of some " "of the applications in which people are currently using FreeBSD:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:96 msgid "" "_Internet Services:_ The robust TCP/IP networking built into FreeBSD makes " "it an ideal platform for a variety of Internet services such as:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:98 msgid "Web servers" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:99 msgid "IPv4 and IPv6 routing" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:100 msgid "Firewalls and NAT (\"IP masquerading\") gateways" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:101 msgid "FTP servers" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:102 msgid "Email servers" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:103 msgid "Storage servers" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:104 msgid "Virtualization servers" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:105 msgid "And more..." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:107 msgid "" "_Education:_ Computer science students, as well as those in related " "engineering fields, will benefit from FreeBSD. There is no better way of " "learning about operating systems, computer architecture and networking than " "the hands-on, under-the-hood experience that FreeBSD can provide. A number " "of freely available CAD, mathematical and graphic design packages also make " "it highly useful to those whose primary interest in a computer is to get " "_other_ work done!" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:108 msgid "" "_Research:_ With source code for the entire system available, FreeBSD is an " "excellent platform for research in operating systems as well as other " "branches of computer science. FreeBSD's freely available nature also makes " "it possible for remote groups to collaborate on ideas or shared development " "without having to worry about special licensing agreements or limitations on " "what may be discussed in open forums." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:109 msgid "" "_Networking:_ Need a new router? A name server (DNS)? A firewall to keep " "people out of the internal network? FreeBSD can easily turn that unused PC " "sitting in the corner into an advanced router with sophisticated packet-" "filtering capabilities." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:110 msgid "" "_Embedded:_ FreeBSD makes an excellent platform to build embedded systems " "upon. With support for the ARM, AArch64 and PowerPC platforms, coupled with " "a robust network stack, cutting edge features, and the permissive extref:" "{faq}[BSD license, bsd-license-restrictions], FreeBSD makes an excellent " "foundation for building embedded routers, firewalls, and other devices." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:111 msgid "" "_Desktop:_ FreeBSD makes a fine choice for an inexpensive desktop solution " "using the freely available X11 server and Wayland display server. FreeBSD " "offers a choice from many open-source desktop environments, including the " "standard GNOME and KDE graphical user interfaces. FreeBSD can even boot " "\"diskless\" from a central server, making individual workstations even " "cheaper and easier to administer." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:112 msgid "" "_Software Development:_ The basic FreeBSD system comes with a full suite of " "development tools including a full C/C++ compiler and debugger suite. " "Support for many other languages are also available through the ports and " "packages collection." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:115 msgid "" "FreeBSD is available to download free of charge, or can be obtained on " "either CD-ROM or DVD. Please see crossref:mirrors[mirrors, Obtaining " "FreeBSD] for more information about obtaining FreeBSD." msgstr "" #. type: Title === #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:117 #, no-wrap msgid "Who Uses FreeBSD?" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:122 msgid "" "FreeBSD has been known for its web serving capabilities. A list of " "link:https://freebsdfoundation.org/about-us/testimonials/[testimonials from " "companies basing their products and services on FreeBSD] can be found at the " "FreeBSD Foundation website. Wikipedia also maintains a link:https://" "en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_products_based_on_FreeBSD[list of products " "based on FreeBSD]." msgstr "" #. type: Title == #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:124 #, no-wrap msgid "About the FreeBSD Project" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:127 msgid "" "The following section provides some background information on the project, " "including a brief history, project goals, and the extref:{dev-model}" "[development model] of the project." msgstr "" #. type: Title === #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:129 #, no-wrap msgid "A Brief History of FreeBSD" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:132 msgid "" "The FreeBSD Project had its genesis in the early part of 1993, partially as " "the brainchild of the Unofficial 386BSDPatchkit's last 3 coordinators: Nate " "Williams, Rod Grimes and Jordan Hubbard." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:135 msgid "" "The original goal was to produce an intermediate snapshot of 386BSD in order " "to fix a number of problems that the patchkit mechanism was just not capable " "of solving. The early working title for the project was 386BSD 0.5 or " "386BSD Interim in reference to that fact." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:139 msgid "" "386BSD was Bill Jolitz's operating system, which had been up to that point " "suffering rather severely from almost a year's worth of neglect. As the " "patchkit swelled ever more uncomfortably with each passing day, they decided " "to assist Bill by providing this interim \"cleanup\" snapshot. Those plans " "came to a rude halt when Bill Jolitz suddenly decided to withdraw his " "sanction from the project without any clear indication of what would be done " "instead." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:144 msgid "" "The trio thought that the goal remained worthwhile, even without Bill's " "support, and so they adopted the name \"FreeBSD\" coined by David Greenman. " "The initial objectives were set after consulting with the system's current " "users and, once it became clear that the project was on the road to perhaps " "even becoming a reality, Jordan contacted Walnut Creek CDROM with an eye " "toward improving FreeBSD's distribution channels for those many unfortunates " "without easy access to the Internet. Walnut Creek CDROM not only supported " "the idea of distributing FreeBSD on CD but also went so far as to provide " "the project with a machine to work on and a fast Internet connection. " "Without Walnut Creek CDROM's almost unprecedented degree of faith in what " "was, at the time, a completely unknown project, it is quite unlikely that " "FreeBSD would have gotten as far, as fast, as it has today." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:148 msgid "" "The first CD-ROM (and general net-wide) distribution was FreeBSD 1.0, " "released in December of 1993. This was based on the 4.3BSD-Lite (\"Net/2\") " "tape from U.C. Berkeley, with many components also provided by 386BSD and " "the Free Software Foundation. It was a fairly reasonable success for a " "first offering, and they followed it with the highly successful FreeBSD 1.1 " "release in May of 1994." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:154 msgid "" "Around this time, some rather unexpected storm clouds formed on the horizon " "as Novell and U.C. Berkeley settled their long-running lawsuit over the " "legal status of the Berkeley Net/2 tape. A condition of that settlement was " "U.C. Berkeley's concession that three files of Net/2 were \"encumbered\" " "code and had to be removed as they were the property of Novell, who had in " "turn acquired it from AT&T some time previously. What Berkeley got in " "return was Novell's \"blessing\" that the 4.4BSD-Lite release, when it was " "finally released, would be declared unencumbered and all existing Net/2 " "users would be strongly encouraged to switch. This included FreeBSD, and " "the project was given until the end of July 1994 to stop shipping its own " "Net/2 based product. Under the terms of that agreement, the project was " "allowed one last release before the deadline, that release being FreeBSD " "1.1.5.1." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:159 msgid "" "FreeBSD then set about the arduous task of literally re-inventing itself " "from a completely new and rather incomplete set of 4.4BSD-Lite bits. " "Although only three files having to do with System V shared memory and " "semaphores were removed, many other changes and bug fixes had been made to " "the BSD distribution, so it was a huge task to merge all the FreeBSD " "developments into 4.4BSD-Lite. It took the project until November of 1994 " "to make this transition, and in December it released FreeBSD 2.0 to the " "world. Despite being still more than a little rough around the edges, the " "release was a significant success and was followed by the more robust and " "easier to install FreeBSD 2.0.5 release in June of 1995." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:161 msgid "" "Since that time, FreeBSD has made a series of releases each time improving " "the stability, speed, and feature set of the previous version." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:163 msgid "" "For now, long-term development projects continue to take place in the {rel-" "head}-CURRENT (main) branch, and snapshot releases of {rel-head} are " "continually made available from link:https://download.freebsd.org/snapshots/" "[the snapshot server] as work progresses." msgstr "" #. type: Title === #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:165 #, no-wrap msgid "FreeBSD Project Goals" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:171 msgid "" "The goals of the FreeBSD Project are to provide software that may be used " "for any purpose and without strings attached. Many of us have a significant " "investment in the code (and project) and would certainly not mind a little " "financial compensation now and then, but we are definitely not prepared to " "insist on it. We believe that our first and foremost \"mission\" is to " "provide code to any and all comers, and for whatever purpose, so that the " "code gets the widest possible use and provides the widest possible benefit. " "This is, we believe, one of the most fundamental goals of Free Software and " "one that we enthusiastically support." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:174 msgid "" "That code in our source tree which falls under the GNU General Public " "License (GPL) or Library General Public License (LGPL) comes with slightly " "more strings attached, though at least on the side of enforced access rather " "than the usual opposite. Due to the additional complexities that can evolve " "in the commercial use of GPL software we do, however, prefer software " "submitted under the more relaxed BSD license when it is a reasonable option " "to do so." msgstr "" #. type: Title === #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:176 #, no-wrap msgid "The FreeBSD Development Model" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:181 msgid "" "The development of FreeBSD is a extref:{dev-model}[very open and flexible " "process], being literally built from the contributions of thousands of " "people around the world, as can be seen from our extref:{contributors}[list " "of contributors]. FreeBSD's development infrastructure allows these " "thousands of contributors to collaborate over the Internet. We are " "constantly on the lookout for new volunteers, and those interested in " "becoming more closely involved should consult the article on extref:" "{contributing}[Contributing to FreeBSD]." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:183 msgid "" "Useful things to know about the FreeBSD Project and its development process, " "whether working independently or in close cooperation:" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:184 #, no-wrap msgid "The Git repositories[[development-cvs-repository]]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:191 msgid "" "For several years, the central source tree for FreeBSD was maintained by " "link:https://www.nongnu.org/cvs/[CVS] (Concurrent Versions System), a freely " "available source code control tool. In June 2008, the Project switched to " "using link:https://subversion.apache.org/[SVN] (Subversion). The switch was " "deemed necessary, as the technical limitations imposed by CVS were becoming " "obvious due to the rapid expansion of the source tree and the amount of " "history already stored. The Documentation Project and Ports Collection " "repositories also moved from CVS to SVN in May 2012 and July 2012, " "respectively. In December 2020, the Project link:https://www.freebsd.org/" "status/report-2020-10-2020-12.html#Git-Migration-Working-Group[migrated " "Source and Documentation repositories] to link:https://git-scm.com/[Git], " "with link:https://www.freebsd.org/status/report-2021-04-2021-06/" "#_git_migration_working_group[Ports following suit] in April 2021. Please " "refer to the crossref:cutting-edge[synching, Obtaining the Source] section " "for more information on obtaining the FreeBSD `src/` repository and " "crossref:ports[ports-using, Using the Ports Collection] for details on " "obtaining the FreeBSD Ports Collection." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:192 #, no-wrap msgid "The committers list[[development-committers]]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:196 msgid "" "The _committers_ are the people who have _push_ access to the Git " "repository, and are authorized to make modifications to the FreeBSD source " "(the term \"committer\" comes from `commit`, the source control command " "which is used to bring new changes into the repository). Anyone can submit " "a bug to the link:https://bugs.FreeBSD.org/submit/[Bug Database]. Before " "submitting a bug report, the FreeBSD mailing lists, IRC channels, or forums " "can be used to help verify that an issue is actually a bug." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:197 #, no-wrap msgid "The FreeBSD core team[[development-core]]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:203 msgid "" "The _FreeBSD core team_ would be equivalent to the board of directors if the " "FreeBSD Project were a company. The primary task of the core team is to " "make sure the project, as a whole, is in good shape and is heading in the " "right directions. Inviting dedicated and responsible developers to join our " "group of committers is one of the functions of the core team, as is the " "recruitment of new core team members as others move on. The current core " "team was elected from a pool of committer candidates in May and June 2024. " "Elections are held every 2 years." msgstr "" #. type: delimited block = 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:208 msgid "" "Like most developers, most members of the core team are also volunteers when " "it comes to FreeBSD development and do not benefit from the project " "financially, so \"commitment\" should also not be misconstrued as meaning " "\"guaranteed support.\" The \"board of directors\" analogy above is not very " "accurate, and it may be more suitable to say that these are the people who " "gave up their lives in favor of FreeBSD against their better judgement!" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:210 #, no-wrap msgid "The FreeBSD Foundation[[development-foundation]]" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:217 msgid "" "The link:https://freebsdfoundation.org/[FreeBSD Foundation] is a 501(c)(3), " "US-based, non-profit organization dedicated to supporting and promoting the " "FreeBSD Project and community worldwide. The Foundation funds software " "development via project grants and provides staff to immediately respond to " "urgent problems and implement new features and functionality. The " "Foundation purchases hardware to improve and maintain FreeBSD " "infrastructure, and funds staffing to improve test coverage, continuous " "integration and automation. The Foundation advocates for FreeBSD by " "promoting FreeBSD at technical conferences and events around the world. The " "Foundation also provides workshops, educational material, and presentations " "to recruit more users and contributors to FreeBSD. The Foundation also " "represents the FreeBSD Project in executing contracts, license agreements, " "and other legal arrangements that require a recognized legal entity." msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:218 #, no-wrap msgid "Outside contributors" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:224 msgid "" "Last, but definitely not least, the largest group of developers are the " "users themselves who provide feedback and bug fixes to us on an almost " "constant basis. The primary way of keeping in touch with the development of " "the FreeBSD base system is to subscribe to the {freebsd-hackers} where such " "things are discussed. For porting third party applications, it would be the " "{freebsd-ports}. For documentation - {freebsd-doc}. See " "crossref:eresources[eresources, Resources on the Internet] for more " "information about the various FreeBSD mailing lists." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:227 msgid "" "extref:{contributors}[The FreeBSD Contributors List] is a long and growing " "one, so why not join it by extref:{contributing}[contributing something back " "to FreeBSD] today? Providing code is not the only way!" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:231 msgid "" "In summary, our development model is organized as a loose set of concentric " "circles. The centralized model is designed for the convenience of the " "_users_ of FreeBSD, who are provided with an easy way of tracking one " "central code base, not to keep potential contributors out! Our desire is to " "present a stable operating system with a large set of coherent " "crossref:ports[ports,application programs] that the users can easily install " "and use - this model works very well in accomplishing that." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:233 msgid "" "All we ask of those who would join us as FreeBSD developers is some of the " "same dedication its current people have to its continued success!" msgstr "" #. type: Title === #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:235 #, no-wrap msgid "Third Party Programs" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:242 msgid "" "In addition to the base distributions, FreeBSD offers a ported software " "collection with thousands of commonly sought-after programs. The list of " "ports ranges from HTTP servers to games, languages, editors, and almost " "everything in between. There are about {numports} ports; the entire Ports " "Collection requires approximately {ports-size}. To compile a port, simply " "change to the directory of the program needed to install, type `make " "install`, and let the system do the rest. The full original distribution " "for each port that is built is retrieved dynamically so only enough disk " "space to build the port is needed." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:245 msgid "" "Almost every port is also provided as a pre-compiled \"package\", which can " "be installed with a simple command (`pkg install`) by those who do not wish " "to compile their own ports from source. More information on packages and " "ports can be found in crossref:ports[ports,Installing Applications: Packages " "and Ports]." msgstr "" #. type: Title === #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:246 #, no-wrap msgid "Additional Documentation" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:250 msgid "" "All supported FreeBSD versions provide an option in the installer to install " "additional documentation under [.filename]#/usr/local/share/doc/freebsd# " "during the initial system setup. Documentation may also be installed later " "using packages:" msgstr "" #. type: delimited block . 4 #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:254 #, no-wrap msgid "# pkg install en-freebsd-doc\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:259 msgid "" "For localized versions replace the \"en\" with the language prefix of " "choice. Be aware that some of the localised versions might be out of date " "and might contain information that is no longer correct or relevant. Read " "the locally installed manuals with a web browser using the following URLs:" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:260 #, no-wrap msgid "The FreeBSD Handbook" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:262 msgid "`/usr/local/share/doc/freebsd/en/books/handbook/handbook_en.pdf`" msgstr "" #. type: Labeled list #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:263 #, no-wrap msgid "The FreeBSD FAQ" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:265 msgid "`/usr/local/share/doc/freebsd/en/books/faq/faq_en.pdf`" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:267 msgid "" "Find up to date documentation at link:https://docs.FreeBSD.org/[The " "Documentation Portal]." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: documentation/content/en/books/handbook/introduction/_index.adoc:268 msgid "All trademarks are the property of their respective owners." msgstr ""